IS 13793: Agricultural produce milling machinery - Milling of pulses - Flow Diagram

18 Pages·1993·1.3 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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IS 13793 (1993): Agricultural produce milling machinery -
Milling of pulses - Flow Diagram [FAD 20: Agriculture and
Food Processing Equipments]
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IS 13793 : 1993

Indian Standard
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE MILLING
MACHINERY - MILLING OF PULSES - FLOW
DIAGRAM
UDC 664·71: 633·35
@ DIS 1993
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN. 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MAllO
NEW DBLHI 110002
September1993 Prlee Gr••p5
AMENDMENT NO.1 OCTOBER 2007
TO
IS 13793: 1993AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
MILLING MACHINERY- MILLING OF
PULSES - FLOW DIAGRAM
(Page2, clause 2.3.5, line 2)- Substitute'hull'for 'bull'.
(Page 2, clause 2.3.8, line 4) - Substitute 'indented' for 'idented' and
'indents'for 'idents'.
(FAD 20)
ReprographyUnit,BIS.NewDelhi,India
Agricultural Produce MillingMachinery SectionalCommittee, FAD 39
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard wasadopted by the Bureauof Indian Standards, after the draft finalized
by the Agricultural Produce Milling Machinery Sectional Committee had been approved by the
Food and Agriculture Division Council.
This standard has been prepared to provide the basic idea about the various operational and
equipments involved in pulse milling.
In formulation ofthis standard assistance has been derived from the Centre of Advanced Studies
in Post Harvest Technologyat G. B.Pant university ofAgriculture and Technology, Pantnagar.
IS 13793: 1993
Indian Standard
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE MILLING
MACHINERY - MILLING OF PULSES - FLOW
DIAGRAM
1 SCOPE ~.2.4. DehuskinglDehulling- Dehusking/dehuIJ.
This standard covers the sequence of opera IDS IS the process of removing hull or husk
from the pulse grain.
tions/flow diagrams for pulse milling
operations. 2.2.5 Drying - Drying is the process of reduc
tion of moisture in the product usually to a
2 TERMINOLOGY
predetermined value.
For the purpose ofthis standard, the following
2.2.6 Grading - Grading is the process ofsort
definitions shall apply.
ing grains into different lots conforming to
2.1 Product certain predetermined standards.
2.1.1 Bean - Pulse grain of the Phaseolus, 2.2.7 Pitting/Scratching - Pitting/ scratching is
Cajanus, Cicer, Lens ect, genuses. the process in which the surface ofthe grain is
scratched to impart cracks in the husk/hull so
2.1.2 Brokens- Broken dehusked or unhusked as to facilitate oil or water penetration.
splits ofa pulse grain.
2.2.8 Polishing - Polishing is the operation of
2.1.3 Dehusked Whole Grain - Whole pulse
providing glossiness to dhal by suitable mecha-
grain with husk/hull removed.
nical operation. .
2.1.4 Dhal- Dehusked whole/splitorunhuskcd 2.2.9 Pretreatment - Pretreatment is the opera
split cotyledon ofthe pulse grain. tion of treatingthe grain in order to loosen the
husk orhull (seed coat). The pretreatment may
2.1.5 Germ- The embryo in a pulsegrainwhich
consist ofwater and/or oil application, soaking
grows into the new plant.
and drying, heatingand tempering, light roast
2.1.6 Husk - Seed coat, hull, or covering ing, or chemical treatment.
surrounding the pulse grain. 2.2.10 Scalping - Scalping is the process of
2.1.7 Powder- A mixture containing scoured cleaning in which good grains are dropped
through screen opening while larger material is
material removed from dehusked pulse grain
carried over the screen into a saparate spout.
during milling plus ground husk and germ.
2.2.11 Scouring - Scouring is the process in
2.1.8 Pulse- Dried edibleseed ofa leguminous
which outer layers (mainly those comprising
plant.
the husk/bull) are removed through abrasive
action.
2.1.9 UnhuskedWhole Grain- Whole pulse grain
with husk/hull intact. 2.2.12 Screening - Screening is the process of
separation of grains by a mechanical device
2.2 OperatloDS
where the desired material is carried over the
2.2.1 Aspirations - Aspiration is the process of device and the undesired material penetrates
cleaning by air blast and separating the foreign the device. It is a method ofseparatinggrains
material which is substantially lower in specific according to size alone.
gravity than the produce to be cleaned.
2.2.13 Separation - Separation is an operation
2.2.2 Chaffing - Chaffing isthe process ofpneu in which a product is separated from other
matic separation ofvery light material from the products using the difference in physical, ther
mal, electrical or any other property of the
product.
product.
2.2.3 Cleaning - Cleaning is the process of
removal of foreign or dissimilar material by 2.2.14 Soaking/Steeping - Soaking/steeping is
washing, screening, hand picking, aspiration or the process in which the grain is soaked in
by any other mechanical means. water in order to raise its moisture content.
1
2.2.15 Sorti",- Sortinl is essentiallya separa 2.3.9 Dryer - An equipment used to dry the
tion operation supplementary to srading. grain to the desired moisture content/predeter
mined value.
2.2.1' Splitting - Splittina is the operation in
which the pulse grain is separated into two
2.3.10 Elevator- A conveyor in which the
cotyledons.
material is moved upwards.
2.2.17 Roa,tl",/Toastl"g/Parching- Roasting is
2.3.11 Grader - A machineused for gradingthe
the process in which the grains are subjected
arain.
to dry heatina for predetermined period of
time.
2.3.12 Rollers - It consists of a pair of eylin
drical rolls arranged with their exist parallel
2.118 T,mpering- TemperiDI is the process
and set in a heavy frame. Rolls may be steel,
where the Irain is held temporarily between
stone or emery coated.
two sucessive operations, so that the moisture
content and temperature within the grain mass 2.3.13 Sieve- Slotted sheet metal or woven
and within the kernel equalize with moisture wire mesh which separates grains by size.
and temperature on the surface of grain or
grain mass. 2.3.14 Separator - A machine used to separate
the milled product into different fractions.
2.3 Eqafpmeat
2.3.15 SplittingMachine- A machine used for
2.3.1 Aspirator- Aspirator is a component splitting the dehusked/unhusked pulse grain
used Corcleaning the grains/seeds by drawing into two cotyledons. The machine may be
air through the grain/seed. paddle type ( impact splitter) or engelbergtype
rice huller.
2.3.2 Cleaner- Cleaner is a machine to remove
foreign matter from grain mass.
2.3.16 Thickne$lf Grader - A machine which
2.3.3 COIWeyer - Conveyer is an equipment or separates product by thickness.
component through which material is moved
2.3.17 Under Runner-DiscShe/ler - A machine
from one point to another.
which is used to remove husk/hull and consists
2.3.4 Cyclon. Separator- Cyclone separator is oftwo horizontal discs, the top one stationary
a separatina device in which strong centrifugal and the lower one rotating. The discs may be
force acting radially is used inplaceofrelatively ofemery or stone.
weak gravitational force acting vertically
downwards. 3 FLOW DIAGRAMS
2.3.5 Dehu//er- Dchuller is a machine used Flow diagrams indicating various sequence of
for hulling. While removing the bull it also operations in pulse milling are given in Fig. 1
scours the kernel surface. to 9. These include basic flow diagram for the
mill system (Pig. 1); sequence ofoperations for
2.3.' Dehusker/Sheller- Dehusker is a machine
conventional (dryandwet) millingprocesses of
used to remove husk/hull from the pulse grain.
pigeonpea (Fig. 2 and 3 repectively ); CFTRI
The sheller may be vertical stone type/horizon
and Pantnagar processes of pigeonpea milling
tal stone type or emery coated.
( Fig. 4 and 5 respectively); chickpea milling
process (Fig. 6); black gram (Urd bean)/
2.3.7 Destoner- A mechanical device which
green gram ( Mung bean) milling process ( Fig.
separates stones from the grain.
7 ); pea and lentil milling process (Fig. 8 );
2.3.8 Disc Separator - An equipment in which and Bow chart of CJAE process for pulse
particles longer or shorter than pulse grains but milling (Fig. 9). The operation of pitting is
similar diameter are separated by means of common to conventional dry milling and
idented discs with idents of predetermined pigeonpea and milling ofchickpea, black gram,
shape and size. green gram, pea and lentil.
2
IS 137'3 : U93
RAW MATERIAL CLEANING AND MILLINe; AND SfORAGE OF FINISHED
STORA.GE CONDITIONING SEAlRATICN PRODUCTS AND
8YPAODUCTS
FlO. I BASICFLOW DIAGRAMOPTHB MILL SUTBM
WHOLE PIGEONPEA GRAIN
SUN DRYING AND AlTERNATE HEAPINGll--- _
.J
OVERNIGHT
WATER SPRAYING AND HEAPING OVERNIGHT
(1-2 %)
DEHUSKING,SPlITTINGAND
ASPIRATING
1
1
POWOER HUSK DEHUSKED SPLITS BROKENS WHOLEOEHUSKEO
--.J
ANDUNHUSKEOGRAINS
FlO. 2 FLOW DIAGRAM fOR TRADITIONAL MILLING OP PIOBONPBA BYDRY MSTHOD
J
IS 13793: Itt3
NHOLE PIGEONPEA GRAIN
WATER~
WATER
MIXING REO EARTHPASTE WITH
STEEPED GRAIN
SUNDRYING AND ALTERNATE HEAPING
ATNIGHT
DEHUSKING,SPLITTINGAND ...- ....
ASPIRATING
POWDER HUSK OEHUSKEO SPLITS 8ROKENS WHOLE OEHUSKED
ANDUNHUSKEOGRAINS
Flo. 3 FLOW CHARTPORTRADITIONAL MILLING 0' PIOEONPBA BYWBTMBTHOD
4