IS 13488: Irrigation equipment -Emitting pipes system

2008·1.2 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”
IS 13488 (2008): Irrigation equipment -Emitting pipes
system [FAD 17: Farm Irrigation and Drainage Systems]
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee””
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै”
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

IS 13488 : 2008

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Indian Standard
IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT - EMITTING
PIPE SYSTEMS - SPECIFICATION
( First Revision)
res 65.060.35
C BI52oo8
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN. 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI110002
May 2008 Price Group4
FarmIrrigationand DrainageSystemsSectionalCommittee. FAD17
FOREWORD
ThisIndian Standard(FirstRevision)wasadoptedbytheBureauofIndian Standards.afterthedraft finalized by
theFarmIrrigationand DrainageSystemsSectionalCommitteehad been approvedby theFoodandAgriculture
DivisionCouncil.
Astheuseofemittingpipes indrip irrigationsystems isfastbecomingpopularinthecountrythere isaneedfor
improving thestandardsmatchingwith thefieldrequirements.thisrevised standardisformulatedtoimprovethe
quality ofemittingpipes and to rationalizethe specificationson par with otherInternational Standards.
This standard was first issued in 1992 and the first revision is being brought out to incorporate developments
during thelast 14years.
The firstrevision ofstandardhas been taken up:
a) tochangethe referencefor measuring tolerancefrom outsidediameterto inside diameter.
b) torevise the pressureclassesofemittingpipes.
c) torevise wall thicknesses undereach pressureclass.
d) torevise the ESCR test temperatureand duration.
e) toinclude non-leakage pressureconditions.
f) toincorporateuse of 'GO' and 'NO-GO'gaugesfor measuring inside diameter. and
g) toincludeemitterexponentcriteriafor non-regulatedemitting pipes.
Intheformulationofthis standard.assistancehas beenderived froth ISO9261 :2004(E) 'Agriculturalirrigation
equipment- Emittersandemitting pipe-Specificationandtestmethods'•issuedbytheInternationalOrganization
for Standardization and ASAE S435 'Polyethylene pipes used for micro-irrigation laterals'. February 2004.
issued bytheAmerican SocietyofAgriculturalEngineers.
Forthepurposeofdeciding whethera particularrequirementofthis standard iscomplied with, the final value.
observedorcalculated.expressingtheresultofatestoranalysis.shallberoundedoffinaccordance withIS2:1960
'Rulesforroundingoffnumericalvalues (revised)'.The numberofsignificantplaces retainedintherounded off
valueshould bethe same as that of the specifiedvalue in thisstandard. .
IS 13488:2008
Indian Standard
IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT - EMITTING
PIPE SYSTEMS - SPECIFICATION
( First Revision)
1SCOPE 3.4 Emitting Unit - A section of emitting pipe,
includingallitshydraulic devicesformedorintegrated
This standard specifiesthe mechanical andfunctional
in the pipe during production and all of the emitter
requirements of the emitting pipes and their fittings,
inlets,repeatedatintervalsfromwhichwaterisemitted
test methods and the data to be supplied by the
toone clearly distinguishable location.
manufacturer to facilitate correct installation and
operationinthefield. 3.5 Fitting - Any connecting device suitable for
attachment to the emitting pipe with or without
NOTE- Thisstandardappliestoemittingandtricklingpipes.
clampingband.
hoses.andtubingsintendedforirrigation.inwhichtheemitting
units form an integral part. This standard also applies to the
3.6 Inlet Fitting - Fitting having one end suitable
fillings used for connecting these pipes. hoses and tubings.
This standard does not apply to continuously porous pipe for connection to a standard irrigation lateral or
(porous along itsentire length and circumference). applianceandotherendorendssuitableforconnecting
toanemitting pipe.
2REFERENCES
3.7 Inline Fitting - Fitting with both ends suitable
The following standards contain provisions, which
forconnectionto anemittingpipe.
through reference inthis text, constituteprovisions of
this standard. At the time of publication, the editions 3.8 Maximum Working Pressure - Highest water
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to pressure at the inlet of an emitter/emitting pipe
revision and parties to agreements based on this recommended by the manufacturer to ensure proper
standard areencouraged to investigate the possibility functioning of theemitter/emitting pipe.
of applying the most recent editions of the standards
3.9MinimumWorkingPressure- Lowestworking
indicated below:
pressure at the inlet of an emitter/emitting unit
ISNo. TItle recommended by the manufacturer to ensure proper
functioning of the emitter/emitting pipe.
12786: 1989 Polyethylene pipes for irrigation
laterals 3.10 Nominal Diameter - Conventional numerical
13479: 1992 Assembled joints between fittings designation used to indicate the size of the emitting
and polyethylene pressure pipes pipeand approximatelyequal to theoutside diameter
Testofresistance topullout (in millimetres)of the pipe.
3TERMINOLOGY
3.11 Nominal EmissionRate(Qn)
Forthepurposeofthisstandardthefollowingdefinitions
3.11.1 Unregulated (Non-pressure Compensating)
shallapply.
Emitting Pipe- The emission rate, inlitres perhour,
3.1 Clamping BandIRlng - A ring like or a band of the emitting unit at nominal test pressure and at a
like device used for tightening the joints between water temperature of 27 ± 3°eas specified by the
emitting pipe and fittings. manufacturer.
3.2 Emitter/Emitting Unit Exponent (m? 3.11.2 Regulated (Pressure Compensating) Emitting
Numerical value that defines the exponential Pipe - The emission rate, in litres per hour. of the
relationship between the emission rate and inlet emitting unit operating in therange of regulation and
pressure of anemitting unit. atawater temperatureof 27± 3°easspecified bythe
manufacturer.
3.3EmittingPipe- Continuouspipe, hoseor tubing
withperforation orotherhydraulic devices, formed or 3.12 Nominal Test Pressure (Pn) - A reference
integratedinthepipe,hoseortubingduring production pressure of 100 kPa at the inlet of an unregulated
and intended to emit water in the form of drops or emitting unit, or any other pressure specified in the
continuousflow,atnominalemissionratesnotexceed ing publication of the manufacturer as 'nominal test
8l/hperemitting unitatnominal testpressure. pressure'.
IS 13488 :2008
3.13 Range of Working Pressure - The range of 5MATERIALSOFCONSTRUCTION
water pressures at the inlet ofthe regulated emitting
unit. between and including the minimum working 5.1Materials
pressure (PMin) and the maximum working pressure Thematerial usedinthemanufactureofemittingpipes
(PM••)recommendedbytheemitting pipemanufacturer and their fittings shall be resistant to fertilizers and
toensure properfunctioning.
chemicalscommonlyemployedinirrigation,andshall
3.14 Range of Regulation - The range of water be suitable for use with water at temperatures up to
pressure at the inlet ofthe regulated emitting unit. in 60°Cand atpressuresdesignedfor theemittingpipe.
whicheachemittingunitoftheemittingpipedischarges
5.1.1Thematerialsshall,asfaraspossible.notsupport
water within the range ofemission rates specifiedby
the growth of algae and bacteria. The parts of the
the manufacturer.
emitting pipe that are exposed to sunlight. shall be
3.15 Regulated (PressureCompensating)Emitting opaqueand protectedagainst UV degradation.
Pipe- Emitting pipe of relatively constantemission
5.1.2The material usedinthemanufacture ofemitting
rate at varying water pressure levels at the emitting pipesshallcomply withalltherequirements givenin4
pipe inlet. within the range of operating pressure
ofIS 12786.
specified bythe manufacturer.
6CONSTRUCTIONALREQUIREMENTS
3.16SpacingofEmitterslEmittingUnits
Distance between two successive emitters/emitting 6.1Dimensions
units integrated inside theemittingpipe.
6.1.1 Inside DiameterandWallThickness
3.17Unit EmittingPipe- Lengthofanemitting pipe The inside diameters and the wall thicknesses of the
containing one emitting unit.
pipes shall beasgiven inTable I.
3.18 Unregulated Emitting Pipe - Emitting pipe
6.1.1.1 The nominal diameterofapipe shallbeasper
whose emission rate varies with inlet water pressure.
declaration given by the manufacturer.
4CLASSIFICATION 6.1.1.2 The wall thickness shall be measured in
accordance with the procedure given in 8.3.1 with a
4.1 Emittingpipeshall beclassifiedaccordingtotheir
dial vernierlball or V-ended micrometer.
uniformity of emission rate and regulation. into the
following twouniformitycategories. 6.1.1.3Theresultingdimensionsshall beexpressed to
thenearest0.05 mm.
4.1.1 Uniformity CategoryA
6.1.2 The dimensions of the connecting fittings shall
Emitting pipe having higher uniformity of emission
fitthedimensionsof theemittingpipe, toensure easy
ratesandsmallerdeviations fromthespecifiednominal
and reliable connection.
emissionrate.
6.1.3 Emitting pipes of same class but of different
4.1.2 Uniformity Category B
insidediameter. made bythesame manufacturer. with
Emitting pipes having lower uniformity of emission differences of diameter greater than 2 mm, shall be
ratesandgreaterdeviationsfromthespecifiednominal designated asdifferent sizes.
emissionrate.
6.2 Fittings
4.2The emitting pipes shall beclassifiedby pressure
6.2.1The manufacturershallsupply,foreachtypeand
ratings (working pressure) asfollows:
sizeofemittingpipe,fittings suitableinsizeandshape
Class ofPipe Working Pressure tomake good connections to the emitting pipe.
MPa
6.2.2 The jointing, made with or without the use of
Class I 0.100 clamping bands. shall be of sufficient strength to
Class 2 0.125 withstandthe full range of workingpressure.
Class 3 0.250
6.3 General
Class 4 0.400
The emitting pipe. its parts and fittings, shall have no
4.3 According totypeofoperation.theemittingpipes
manufacturing defects that may impair their
shall be classified into the following twoclasses:
performance. Theconstructionoftheemittingpipeand
a) Unregulatedemittingpipes. and
itsfittings shall permit their easy connection, with or
b) Regulated emittingpipes. withoutclampingbands/rings,whethertheconnection
2
IS 13488:2008
Table1Dimensionsof PolyethyleneEmittingPipes
(Clauses 6.1.1.8.3.1.1 and 8.3.2.1)
All dimensions inmillimetres.
51 Nominal Inside Toleranceon LD. WanThickness
No. Diameter Diameter r ~
""'"
Class 1 Class2 Class3 Class4
O.IOOMPa 0.125MPa 0.250MPa 0.400MPa
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
i) 12 10.50 +0.20 0.4-0.5 0.6-0.7 0.8-1.0 1.1-1.3
-0.00
ii) 16 14.20 +0.20 0.5-0.6 0.7-0.9 1.0-1.2 1.3-1.5
-0.00
iii) 20 18.00 +0.20 0.7-0.8 0.9•1.1 1.2-1.4 1.5-1.7
-0.00
iv) 25 22.60 +0.20 0.9-1.1 1.2-1.4 1.5-1.7 1.8-2.2
-0.00
NOTE- Thewallthicknessesofpipesarebasedonsafeworkingstressof2.5MPaat20"C.Occasional riseintemperature hasnodeleteriouseffect
onthelifeandworkingpressureofthepipe.
Clamping,suchasbandsandscrews,shallbeofnon-corrosivematerialsorofmaterialsprotectedagainstcorrosion.
ismademanuallyorbymeans ofsuitabletools supplied 7.4.2 During the test. the pressure shall not vary by
by the manufacturer. more than 2percent.
7TESTSPECIMENSANDTESTING 7.4.3 The error if any. in the measurement of
CONDITIONS theemission rate of the emitting pipe shall not exceed
± 2 percentof the actual values.
7.1TestSpecimens
8TESTMETHODSAND REQUIREMENTS
Test specimens shall be selected at random by the
representativeofthe testing laboratoryfrom alotofat 8.1 UniformityofEmission Rate
least 500 emitting units. The test specimen shall not
8.1.1 This test applies to regulated as well as to
be taken from adjacent sections of the pipe. The test
unregulatedemittingpipe.The testsample shallinclude
specimen shall include a minimum of five adjacent
at least 25 emitting units in accordance with that
emitting units and the total numberoftest specimens
specified in7.1.
shall containatleast25 emittingunits. Thenumberof
test specimens required for each of the tests are 8.1.2 Unregulated Emitting Pipes
specifiedin the relevantclausesofthis standard.
Measure theemissionratesoftheemittingunits inthe
emittingpipes.when the waterpressureattheinlets of
7.2OrderofTests
the emitting units equals the nominal test pressure.
Thetests shallbeconductedintheorderinwhichthey Recordseparately the measuredemission rate ofeach
arelistedin8.testmethodsand requirements.Alltests. emittingoutlet.
beginningwith 8.2. shall be conductedon specimens.
which were taken according to 7.1. Calculate the coefficient of variation. Cv• from the
following formula:
7.3TestingConditions
s
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant clause. all C. -e --:Lx100
"if
tests shall beperformedatambienttemperatureand at
water temperature of27 ± 3°C. The water used shall
where
be filtered through a filter with nominal aperture of
=
75 ~ to 100 ~ (160 mesh to 200 mesh) or as Sq standarddeviationofthe emissionrates for
recommended by the manufacturer. the sample, and
q =
7.4AccuracyofMeasuringDevices mean emission rate of sample.
NOTE - For thepurpose of measuring emission rate,collect
7.4.1 The error. if any. in the measurement ofwater
awatersample fromeachemittingunitfor5minandcalculate
pressureshallnotexceed2percentoftheactual values.
theemission rate foreach outlet.
IS13488:2008
8.1.2.1Themeanemissionrateofthetestsampleshall rateqobtainedbymeasuringtheemissionrateofthe
notdeviatefromthenominalemissionrate(qn)bymore fouremittingunitsatrisingpressure.
than5 percentfor CategoryA, or not morethan 10
q
Plotthecurve asfunctionofinletpressure.
percentforCategoryBinaccordancewithTable2.
8.2.1.1 The curve of q shall conform to the curve
Table2UniformityValues presentedinthepublicationofthemanufacturerwithin
[Clauses8.1.2.1and lItd)] anallowabledeviationofnotmorethan±5percentfor
CategoryAand±1OpercentforCategoryB.
SI Cateaory Devlatloa orq Coefllcleator
No. f'romq.,Mex Varlatloa,C. 8.2.2 RegulatedEmitting Pipes
(I) (2) (3) (4)
Calculateforeachinletpressurevalue,Pi'theaverage
i) A S S q
emissionrate obtainedbymeasuringtheemission
ii) B 10 10
rate of the four emitting units at rising and falling
pressure(theaverageof8emissionratemeasurement).
8.1.2.2Thecoefficientofvariation(C)oftheemission
q
rateofthetestsampleshallnotexceed5 percentfor 8.2.2.1 The value of shall not deviate from the
CategoryA,or 10percentforCategoryB. nominal emission rate by more than 5 percent for
CategoryAornotmorethan10percentforCategoryB.
8.1.3 RegulatedEmittingPipes
8.3Dimensions
Condition the emitting units in the test sample by
operatingthemforonehourminimumatanemitting
8.3.1 WallThickness ofEmitting Pipe
unit withinlet pressure equal to the pressureat the
middleoftheworkingpressurerange.Atthebeginning Measurethewallthicknessoftheemittingpipeatfour
ofconditioning,theemitting unitsshallbeoperated points equally spaced on the peripheryof the pipe.
threetimesataboutP andthreetimesataboutP Repeatthetestattwocrosssections.Intheeventofa
Mu Min
each operation to be maintained for at least three partthepipewallbeingthickerbydesign(forexample,
minutes. Duringthe last 10minof conditioning,the flapinemittingpipe),suchincreaseinthicknessshall
pressureshall be maintained at the midpointof the bedisregarded.
rangeof regulation. Immediately after, and without
8.3.1.1Thewallthicknessoftheemittingpipe,when
altering the inlet pressure, test the emitting units
measuredat each of the four points,shallbe within
according to8.1.2butatthemidpointoftherangeof
limitsgiveninTable1(see 6.1.1).
regulation.
8.3.2InsideDiameterofEmittingPipe
8.1.3.1 The emitting units shall comply with the
requirementsgivenin8.1.2.1and8.1.2.2. Formeasuringthe inside diameterof emittingpipe,
insertintotheend of thepipe a specifictapergauge
8.2EmissionRateofEmittingUnitasaFunctionof (with2°apexangle)or'Go', 'No-Go'guage,firstenter
InletPressure GO side of the guage, it should go inside the tube
Numbertheemittingunitstestedaccordingto7,1, in withoutmuchforcebutatthesametimeit shouldnot
ascending orderaccordingtothe measuredemission remainlooseinthetube.ForexampleaGO,NO-GO
rate.(No.Ishallbegiventotheemittingunitoflowest guage sketchis given at Fig. 1 for 16mm nominal
emissionrateandNo.25totheemittingunitsofhighest diametertube.Alternativelytheoutsidediametermay
emissionrate).Select4emittingunitsfromtheseries be measured with pie tape or verniercaliper,from
obtained,No.3, 12,13,23 andmeasuretheirchange whichtwotimestheaveragethicknessmeasuredatthe
inemissionrateasafunctionoftheinletpressure.Test samepointofpipecanbedeductedtoobtaintheinside
eachemittingunit in steps not greater than 50 kPa, diameter.
fromPMinUpto 1.2PMu'Regulatedemittingunitsshall NoGo 14.40mmdia
be testedat threeor moredifferentpressureswithin
the range of regulation, at rising and falling inlet 14.30mmdia
pressure.Thereadingof theresultsshallbe takenat
r.,.....,...JC.::--- 14.20mmdia
leastthreeminutesafterarrivingatthetestpressure.If
theinletpressureexceedsthedesiredpressurebymore
than10kPaduringitsriseandfall,returnto•PMin'and
FlO. 1ATYPICALEXAMPLBOfGo-NoGoGAUOBfOR
repeatthetest.
16mmNOMINAL DIA

8.2.1 Unregu/Qt~dEminingPipe
8.3.2.1The measuredinsidediametershallbewithin
Calculateforeachpressurevalue,theaverageemission thelimitsgiveninTable1(s~~6.1.1).
4
IS13488:2008
8.3.3 FlowPathsinEmitting Unit 8.4.2.1Connecttheemitting-pipeassemblytoasource
ofwater,bymeansofaninletfitting,andcloseitsoutlet
Measureinatleastthreeemittingunits,accuratelyto
end. Fill the emitting-pipeassemblywithwaterand
thenearest0.02mmandundernopressure,thesmallest
checkthat no airremainstrappedin thepipe.Raise
dimensionof the flow path (this does not apply to
thewaterpressuregradually(10s,Min) tomaximum
dimensionthatvarieswithpressure).
pressureandmaintainthepressurefor48h,whilethe
8.3.3.1The smallestmeasuredflow path dimension emitting-pipetest assemblyis immersed in waterat
shallnotbesmallerthanthedimensionsdeclaredby 60:1:2°Ctemperature.
themanufacturer.
The emitting pipe shall withstand the test pressure
8.3.4 Spacing ofEmitterUnits withoutshowingsignsofdamage.
Measurethreespacingsof emittingunits,accurately 8.4.2.2Removethetestassemblyfromthewaterand
tothenearest1.0mm. maintainitfor30minatambienttemperature. Apply
8.3.4.1 The spacing of the emitting units shall not ahydrostatic pressurePnforatleast3minatambient
temperatureandmeasuretheflowrateofeachemitting
deviate by more than 5 percent from the spacings
unit.
declared bythemanufacturer.
Theflowrateofeachemittingunitshallnotdeviate
8.4 Resistance of Emitting Pipes to Hydrostatic bymorethan10percentfromitsoriginalflowrate,as
Pressure measuredin8.1.
8.4.1 Resistance to Hydrostatic Pressure at Ambient
8.SResistance toTensionat Elevated Temperature
Temperature
Performtheteston5unitemittingpipeatatemperature
Performthetestonalengthofemittingpipeconsisting
of50:1:2°C.
offiveunitemittingpipesjoined bymeansofcentre
fittings. NOTE- Markontheunitemittingpipetwolinesabout150
mmapart. Fasten one end of the emitting pipe in an air
Performthistestintwostages(see8.4.1.1and8.4.1.2). circulation oven maintained at 50 :t 2"Cand applya dead
weightinaccordancewithTable3. Maintainthepullfor 15
8.4.1.1Connecttheemittingpipeassemblytoasource min.thenremovethepullandcooltheunitemittingpipetoan
ofwater,bymeansofaninletfitting,andcloseitsoutlet ambienttemperature.
end. Filltheemittingpipe assemblywith waterand 8.5.1Emittingpipeshallwithstandthetestpullwithout
checkthatnoairremainstrappedinthepipe.Increase breakingor tearing.Thenominalflowrateinthetest
the water pressure gradually (lOs, Min) to the specimen shallnotvarybymorethan5percentfrom
maximumworking pressure multiplied by 1.8 and theflowratemeasuredbeforetestingaccordingto8.1,
maintainthetestpressurefor I h. andthedistancebetweenthe twomarked linesshall
not vary by more than 5 percent from the distance
The emittingpipe assembly shall withstandthe test
measured (see 8.5).
pressure without showing signs of damage to the
emitting pipe, the emitting units or the connecting
8.6ResistancetoPullOutofJointsBetweenFitting
fittings. The unitemittingpipes shallnot pull apart,
and Emitting
andnoleakageshalloccurattheinletfitting. Leakages
notexceeding theemissionrateof oneemittingunit This test shall be performed in accordance with
arepermissibleatcentrefittings. IS13479,butthetestpulloutloadshallbeaccording
toTable3,appliedforIhoralternativelydeadweight
8.4.1.2Reduce the testpressuretonominalpressure
maybeusedforapplyingthetestpull.
andmaintainforatleast3min.Measuretheflowrate
ofeachemittingunit. Thefittingshallnotpulloutfromtheemittingpipe.
Theflowrateofeachemittingunitshallnotdeviate 8.7 Resistance of PE Emitting Pipe to
by morethan 10percent from its initiallyobserved EnvironmentalStressCracking
flowrate,asmeasuredin8.1.
8.7.1 AcceptanceTest
8.4.2 Resistance to Hydrostatic Pressure at Elevated
The test procedure shall conform to the procedure
Temperature
described in Annex D of IS 12786,except for the
Performthetestonalengthofemittingpipeconsisting following:
of3emitting-pipeunitsjointedbymeansofcenterfittings.
Conditionthe test specimenin an air circulating

Performthetestintwostages(see8.4.2.1and8.4.2.2). ovenat80:1: lOCfor 1h.ThenaircoolandUbend