Iraq: An Introduction To The Country And People

123 Pages·2003·0.43 MB·English

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ETUT I STEPSNRNIOIRCAM

:IQRA
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE
YRTNUOC DNAELPOEP

SKCARR AEBNIRAM
C D,NOTGNIHSAW
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nootitcudor tnnAI

elpo edP nyartnu oeCht
noitcudor tnI
weivrevO

esopruP sdeeehttT aistniSUmoc n oo tdettim - tdhqnlta eiiromuwItebve lrgonvinoig
d,es ei y anqhd o ,.ateqolosyriv atpherIwl rrewn t oeoIdinevrruhnaaotiMc
eg dce ilfsw oao, b n yyek,rr hetost rntttduunsintoeialcshuecrp - feota tysad
.sriaffa

• sn ir aeka lbofpmoo xubsenadibnhaTh d l eut sbo ane hehiucshtsitssi
”x o dsf bge ioh lnye qtooioger a itokldnoarewtrpeiIh“oelrtwdwaoMnk
.noiger

• t noe tmt l ursafca i r o o pmhugt sdnr toeaenkaoeYthsancfhntuitil
reerh otylrnpuaxfe f ode sessh cu.tnickip soosiotidbhdtnah

stnetnoC : sg cnsiiep wdoekoutholl tolcsbonidfihnTah

cipoT eegeaSP
noitcudortnI i
weivrevO i
,nyo ri,dogen tiraisluqietaHRlruIC 1
see rldupntoaleuPC 1
sdruK 3
iyqmadoron IoodhcniEaleviL 6
?msi lnaon i oirssiqoiutavoariiNIDgileR 8
reihDt“onA :”noi ss ruia ovleiucgciievlSeR 10
sega lsdlenibaVirT 11
:y rioqta sriIH A h ct indtRensiaacPnA 13
:myarl os n nstIewdr ’shononqiTrahiaHCTrI 15
ecne uhlsfintIirB 18
d: nneui soem ir safRgsdokudcHaaSB 19
:ni e hemsts asaaifduaPRodHBaS ytr 21
rr,eend m iamrfeeaoosLdqFsdauarHSI 23
s esi’ cnmiialedosdPsauSH 25
noiss ehrspipdOruK 26
l olratnnroeCtnI 28
noi s esss e’nlrn oapimopnpeatsoOsdeisdRtuaaHSnretnI 31
narI - noit a lnqa ian,mrrroIeaDtWxE 32
nfalirusaGrWeP 34
Continue eg atpx endno
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Continued

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)deunitnoc(
cipoT eegeaSP
ecna i: ff sdoesneDnotoiiitn t aUncNoirqtasreIR 36
ssnmoriAtc e tpdnsnenamIamrasiD 39
,snoitcepsnI1991 - 1998 40
PIomsptortant - stnevE 8991 42
noit a srsna’olqpcaaereDIW 44
noit i AlwaeoNC 46
s englo nbiriiqtodsapfasrOvoInPI 50
noitarepO mo dieqearrFI 53
noitar arpoefrPraW 53
noitarepO mo dieqearrFI : s n eirhgaTeWB 56
d:aydt higra oBpiorTP 60
r ah nWteiuhotS 62
noitarepO I mode eirqFar : r ah nWteirhotN 64
r a nWteishetW 68
” dhrsa iCek“hrTuT 70
n:osicti atrseiptOatS iqarImodeerF 73
noit arreetpfOA mo dieqearrFI 75
l astctninatetiv rlEnooipPmItsoP - n iqmeaasrdsIduaHS 75
s r”,owq beadhNrlg“IOieN 77
New Ira tn eimqnrevoG 78
allireuG - elytrSaW 80
noitarepO r enmomraIH 82
g:nqgiantr icI nduolriittusaBnNoceR 84
secnerefeR 87
x i:dAnem paplAsI 89
xi d:nBepp Asktc cinauqoFQarI 107
xi dy:n gCe s op .tflp0gnoo A9uen9Avo1ErhC – 200 2.gu A 111

eerhT lacitirC :y te erdi un citado q l essatueprracv aoIhathtthnscaat f re eoreeperrmhahiTt
srotcaF
• malsI – ,ylr an enlo heuistecsiwiinttvne riubd)adSnsp aestaii’hiShS(
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• maddanSiessuH – r e rd fe aomeerhluotofc yrtn

u nlo terlYhuraicooew abmlefeaso e.shk ato uo dobsaydienhrath
e g t adxnpeeounnitnoC
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yhpargoeG qarI cyi l l lebf,ahuo q i tpr a, cye oerks irR4rIaeaft 2arlfnf9uIiouo,qmo7sc61
)n4qmi2ssk9,434( t sae iwdshe Atrs ueinodoroebht

• a , n ihf,iad btltdi neauuiusyahroGaarbtASwSeuPK
• a nidtar nsdyyaerSbWoJ
• y eh ktyrrbuoTN
• t nsyaabrEI

l s. duee ytnsrie ts aoatgr ie ldMirecgda acahrnt sdltaaieihOlphgatacB
. a t r k dnerfsuenuhooakhaotpBrTciK y rdt. esosdetiicn vni8ii1dvorp

lmth.qari/spam/ude.saxetu.bil.www//:ptth sr sdpefao abohoammgun
gniwohs.qarI

edtnaamilC ;. sllerolrs eoa atcfe nnheiiT lw at t srsqtftoaioeMrlgI sr eemrm auyr ddna
rehtaeW n o.is tm nseg,prs rihnt eodheT ioectnthdwhhxsiitnotedwwralnobans
.sr e h s d sn rer e iagderod srekinltebnenahrnoonHahitualcitaTrawtInuom
h ty.ivswaweohns

eg ws n g oumisrn f naotreisoe scrlehdihmefevtoteb mirolaralbfForp south,
ets uudy fnba oasoocsodimeslombeftolc - .s tlecorerujtt onlroupccirgA
y ls nd rnin.meoaes otmpreraeehfwdvtir

• tss rae e esni m,hui qfee r ttayaoshlaeauc drntifheoednIeothsBnatsasni
”sd r wafo horscgerto .a“dndnoattoc

• rr eepevhuhittrraF tn els,r lwse,aofsflfe nl issiandaaaoer iretchantviele
s. ds , nehsfil cpokbs uoa nssrtdiacenagaregv

• s yee avr.o wiul ttgtils loie uoge c rhsi,a Tnrh lfigteoaar ht ontnenIuhotm
s .d elklr ruueadaskienorfnaMiK

Note h t quisoweydi vx :oiBrd pne ppA uick facts about Iraq.

qarI iii noitcudortnI
yl l)t a.fsnkeion lhiaeTtlg(nbaeptni

qarI iv noitcudortnI
noigil ed Rn,ayrots i,Herutl uiCqarI
selpoeP dna erutluC

ldanrautluC de e lsnnpy npaeoa btooheihfu iebtsooa2l p ab2lqh laiatsumritpIwiop
srot ccaiFnhtE rfeobmun larutluc dna cin h.tserotcaf

• .c i .bk na atir% eug A0c poie8ietsbr l br sAofpfaaeoooorhMeAtp

• yteniN - e cst.ia umweeoit r r bleeae ashlrtu TpanMfeoeohe ctperveipf
st . uc )ss oers iie rsoesn nreeetannahrmiuutou ’SSmn si(yahniSah(mS
religious grou ).seir tpmn iuntloisscoumM

• . qtas r ay Ieee srhh gdat Tfnn rnoiayeoivlt hni pistleurd rore anugaiKrmal
.sm iiylnlsniuurMSamirp

ytironiM na is re,soisnt t n asrif adieero e,inrNhoqdsnay(tnaukesOirlrmsmIcurAnTAi
spuorG .)s nta si foteoMshitrchC del tnntioei stse a ’rheleyscugrinprtwooanepluJo
l.e san y0riel5shr9Ita1e

dnnaabrU g hte nacs h f n ietayets osoyhseolh it’ac rcntfrqwaatoooaeshrrsI
laruR g. nynte iarthd dwea t nlurth, bnealesSffaac telorineawuAsihwhGrtterPon

meh troF ssr e est,n e tianodfe nrr oniheeghyialthciptt tTuiaf Erloeouhjptaop
r e dh n rttdiee aetn mh.wga al otb hohhawca,ttSc orsu inlArohafeswbvriUr
sh snt rdiwdsensoni t aar a.anlbgs awihisesh urr teoa a rremoeershmalTuan
nee se. ewsohtrwteetbv ir ehT slt lraao mpt dsprtn uesassseiewdhtuos
. nssod eir tsteef dnsah hoaealpyt mspueaqoemphdanroosrPcpIne
. a sti een matmenaeaiiit rmtco fainpd e oxaoetleoslsdhreladtpMaEipcMa
e g t adxnpeeounnitnoC
qarI 1 noigil ed Rn,ayrots i,Herutl uiCqarI
selpoeP dna erutluC ,
itnoC deun

sc idpeotTceleS s e,e lerdpran oua, et ydplnreu o o rciinstnse qticsoiveaciihohrephtcTIsot
nw on.h iwseeolhlbteabt

cipoT eegeaSP
see rldupntoaleuPC 1
sdruK 3
iyqmadoron IoodhcniEaleviL 6
?msi lnaon i oirssiqoiutavoariiNIDgileR 8
nA :” nroeihstiov i Dr“alu sceuecoSiivgileR 10
sega lsdlenibaVirT 11
:y rioqta sriIH A h ct indtRensiaacPnA 13
:myarl os n nstIewdr ’shononqiTrahiaHCTrI 15
ecne uhlsfintIirB 18
d: nneui soem ir safRgsdokudcHaaSB 19
:nih e t smaesa asudfBiHdoRaS ytraP 21
rr,eend m iamrfeeaoosLdqFsdauarHSI 23

qarI 2 noigil ed Rn,ayrots i,Herutl uiCqarI
sdruK

e slaaCicepS se dhge rt T nrsung eiaeKennn visoiori temelaira brpfmoounnim - .qarI yad
nh,ocn ii iyse sh eebimmswes si aehufrsgfdrtaoiueodpceHrapehSoBt
dr,eekrt oean oovlisbyoidchntah yle tnu ail erldtelaiausppweoeoerbhesatp
.no istichets

tneicnA se dherTru aK n,aoddlnoI - sne a m n iei tnidsbtonaeri heivernwiniPticalnraI
o:y tyerKotsiH saera taht ehttneserp - .yi ph lsuT,ltc eincfsbteooiisdhrntt e,c ssydeardduK s
tn eeshetrP ae.rna as tindseeitldflroaucK

tcni tAsiD em aenhT Kurd dd. s0neCp d4 ub.uda6as foiBoemaorrrs owacgutnsIed
emaN a i dnns nee oe a mesrhdtrwn gteaAtisa vhea uZnitbtda olnneeuathoatmlp
dne eee m.hi d oastlsi e,tnnpbsehr ipaehteaarrtttAanLuoM st f oeseht
dss e au. toeomor hrnatedwailvaa snhtIoncuom

hsidruK • , y dlesa lhdetdatrru euupodl tKsntng natinmee iovs nhrEaocfiageerr
noisnapxE laainrlrtoentdeaocnmA( - ) tyy.seana kdaeorrhtuItT ron

• ,”s dtdeie t np easu oshldelaTorvesuaviKhe“d y ltl u afcmcf oioersnfyohp
re hott ontniaahw ”s. iand reehotl spfleisoahdactriudK“

tnerruC gt , nunle, io oavyt rb5itils,ea2lolto ebltnmfhlmieo spumreionrhdeutrpCuK
noitalupoP .ylir a, ,m adni ,inar,qrarpyayI erSnkIiruT
noitubirtsiD
• f ltauhobA nso eifv. t o iysanlleiliakhutrtpouotTp
• 6 - e.n vnoniaii lrl7Ilim
• 3.5 - ,n o. niq4ilalriIm
• neo.v iai5nlil.ilr1iymS

e e,d egry i es lnentsehp,dihastrtuadvTmaua oiiirEonrnMleigeGmrA
, e, c nd nsen .ae d aosrideeseFtewhltitS taanih tunseSmUimdorcuK tnsiix
sei rsftu o n. otruneieeoohrimcitavrnvooUSf

snd ireuhKT .no i reyteav e ah eiehs l ttn lkTdiu s%uparqpe’ 3oumuaohqf2bKrpTaoaIrI
qarI .ha ys ie n m saiie ,dmqt hsekr iaedTnruu,ar mnwakKllIfoaoruuostisSKoM
nwo ny k.b ise ldheirtmluaiKnaF
e g t adxnpeeounnitnoC
qarI 3 noigil ed Rn,ayrots i,Herutl uiCqarI
sdruK ,
Continued

e ceilvpoeP h rc deuaav s eoper urpcso a s idr set en rg tatanfhheuncihaotthKIaptetfs
noitaN r ep rs hu n iaytot o, e b ersdma aehmfggonmeegteoomuorrrhtocaaatbl
no i,teigdaaurgtnal .,e s rsgsdruwndnit eoraelimuhu vaKtc trnneIetcneir
sev l deoestrm ees dhtei tnbssend do r,ncnuy orKegpeknstriesuvr aTinelihtuos
first, Turks second.

e nt l gaslty itiiot testn in sp rsallied efhelahnecosvuetihn iofrmToadscruK
.s d rtlfuIlioKa y stlt e nno ntf einnat oaoes aaeaeithestdhhtstrrittapenc -
ya deldd itMsaE – ,,yne akdrr nIuqaTarI – e s.proiroit ehedhiT s t nonotacw
y t ry aete ehvnh.v tiutni” lo itesceoctd htearetnpruhisgKteertni“

(See ruoy.yticinhte//:ptth - gnid neih Fts/dmroucK.y raot cn eayrtaisWdidruK
lmth.3462422 'e es ntrf oa uoeitd ohtSnectaahsNtiD n orios fsdue clasiiadted
fepohmti snoitaci lfo a h snigdireu)rK.eevtoasts

odnI - ,naeporuE .e egk l aat pgu e’yon gapneei s nsohpk edeadTactrrhlei oauTpbnnKsaarA
ciba rtAon e . gnh c a asd itu rciehba gr ektsahonos hrairttaietuldAlhiTerTeruK
tk nd ncyaeoe a llctiebnbacbaarnbtaorp e gtaa u hdg stey atlewaerlsoeomrlc
l an ie e cktg)n io nan iifpdeuaetdfsnr grh nno arinItoeieusa(trHhcrlrtau(Fc
e g.a )ufagointda nnleIserP - nret sdee w to hyathetllsh ree itsosrydinoarlducK
.se gp aunuo agrfingonaalrI

noigileR ehT s ddreutKpeccasI genh it7sr bu meadmohrartAlf th .yDr. u AytenheTc
. ), ss ee mirt tinaisoln’ansuiiuShhMSS(

erutluC sreeiv g ea ,al .h hsyl areteddrl,u icvnrticdnenaaueviiw hahKosvotdpuimdnI
s.drn eer hgit eeee slhgcn h e Tonen ncncntatedeiinwdfmnmhaoooawdw
a , ssn aiyha lternha utl. ouem mc c s d i,ndiheete anotlrrrmarilauoewiptrhfaN
.hesf iid dlerpuaKhs

• det us ob rnti eei rgvw aetnaorth nihlonth on flusncrdooiiencMdtartuaKp
gni hdsn.tnme)oaivsllogciwuk(r

• de l sls ytandgnc anga (lrbaapnlarbeieuMtwts .)iravlahs

• , ,s lsed ues egd f vsntnnhrsreeaoa totarmrlrilacdooawoosWceccdewadeh
rev ld in .saddlaoegrh t
e g t adxnpeeounnitnoC
qarI 4 noigil ed Rn,ayrots i,Herutl uiCqarI