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D ow nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.w iley.com /doi/ by ibrahim ragab - C ochrane G erm any , W iley O nline L ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the T erm s and C onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w iley.com /term s-and-conditions) on W iley O nline L ibrary for rules of use; O A articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2) D ow nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.w iley.com /doi/ by ibrahim ragab - C IoTforDefenseandNationalSecurity ochrane G erm any , W iley O nline L ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the T erm s and C (cid:2) onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w (cid:2) iley.com /term s-and-conditions) on W iley O nline L ibrary for rules of use; O A articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2) (cid:2) D ow nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.w IEEEPress iley.com Pisc4a4t5awHaoye,sNLJa0n8e854 /doi/ by ibrahim SIaEraEhESPpurergsseoEnd,iEtodritioarliBnoCahridef ragab - Cochrane G erm JAónnjaAntlBioBseenediktsson ASanedidreNasahMaovlainscdhi DAhiommeitdMisuSrpaitnTeellkisalp any , W AdamDrobot JeffreyReed iley O Peter(Yong)Lian ThomasRobertazzi nline L ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the T erm s and C (cid:2) onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w (cid:2) iley.com /term s-and-conditions) on W iley O nline L ibrary for rules of use; O A articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2) (cid:2) D ow nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.w iley.com /doi/ by ibrahim ragab - C IoT for Defense and National Security ochrane G erm any , W iley O Edited by nline L RAKloetaibtMehrotGnDrteeosm,uInbgcal.a,nsUsSA ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the T erm UniversityofColoradoSchoolofLaw,Boulder,CO,USA s and C (cid:2) AASrtnmeapynhRtaehsnreaaGmrcehrSaLwalibaomraitory,Adelphi,MD,USA onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w (cid:2) LockheedMartin,Inc.,Bethesda,MD,USA iley.com /term s-and-conditions) on W iley O nline L ibrary for rules of use; O A articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2) (cid:2) D ow nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.w iley.com /doi/ by ibrahim ragab - C Copyright©2023TheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers,Inc.Allrightsreserved. ochrane G erm PublishedbyJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,Hoboken,NewJersey. any , W PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanada. iley O Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyany nline L m1aRRIgnuo0oeec7/tqsah.pe,uoneow1ersrr1so,mi1t1zeo0saildR8settsoiciDooivtotfnrerhnotirhevt.nhSeePitr,cr1uoD,e9ubmea7lgtni6e,hsvcHhUpeheoranarsbyni,ftomoiMekcrdeaeApnlnS,ett,0praoN1mhtf9eJotis2sth03osC7e,icoo0(oa3np9pp07ypys,8rhiri()nogo27gphu0,5rt1lri0d)Aae-t78cbceo44et,pr80adw-0ed6ir,ind0-tfchga1roe,x1opss,u(scyf9teaa7fdenxe8inett()oh2it7ne0ot5rgh10t,)eth-ho74ePre44eCo87pr-0tomr6h,ipo0eioys0rrrrsw8wiiogo,inrhsonietrtstt,hCoeDeennlxeelwcppaienareepaerrbtntmamaactitsesehwspnCtietwtoep,rnnwmJ:/oto/.eihcwftrton,tewphIdWnyewcruPii..nlwg,uehd2yibl2etle.&r2icysoSh.Scmeeoocrn.mt,isoo/,rn ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the T erm Trademarks:WileyandtheWileylogoaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksofJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.and/or s and C (cid:2) itoLpdtrreiisasmrvdcameueffiitnmissolsdisaifaoioroLtrnkenimssao.baifTenirnMhleitttehiAtyohMe/TneDULeapidtAnsrhcioiBWtlnpae®dieotsmhrroStkieyfststarwobtdoefoaofsotrehWekasen.oanidrrrorrrotaeetnwslhaptaeyterer:crdMcationpvAurteoTntohdLtwrueAiecnaBstecs®racdsuni.sordJeaaomscthyrnanaooydWftentcmhoiolteenaybrstkeet&ixtuotuSfsoteoTerdnheeswnex,edIiMtrnohccarios.tsuheeismtsWnwieononrrtitktthatsoesi,rssnIosbnppcocieoo.arnaktmesn.doiTdsrwhssiihsiiostiunhpws.ebaoAdnyrlkylwT’opshittruehhosederuocrt onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w (cid:2) ManadthaWutohrokrshoafvaepuasretdictuhleairrpbeedsatgeoffgoirctaslianppprreopaacrhinogrtphairstibcouolakr,tuhseeyomftahkeeMnoATreLpAreBs®ensotafttwioanrse.oWrwhailrerathnetiepsuwbliitshher iley.com respecttotheaccuracyorcompletenessofthecontentsofthisbookandspecificallydisclaimanyimpliedwarranties /term orslNieifsteptumiertadehetsireieocnrnnhttt.ahhaYnetiiostvpauweubssibolholriitkorsyuhwmoledrrraiytficntotehonnnraesvassueausllttcfehohwsoramiranthsagphteaaeadrrpltiloriacborlusefde.lilasTsisraahibpopelunpeaeradfpalovorwrieschadeen.ebaNyreenoltdowawspsesptaerorrnaorftapwpenrgrhitoiayeefitnsmetc.toaoFhryniuastbrnawteihynoceoerrrtekd,harwheteereaadrdcseoeowirmnrsreimmstxhtteaeeorynnucnidaladoneltddbdbebawemyahswsaueaagnilrteeaeisstb,tilhisenarcfteolwaurddey.ibonsugirtes s-and-conditions) on W butnotlimitedtospecial,incidental,consequential,orotherdamages. iley O Forgeneralinformationonourotherproductsandservicesorfortechnicalsupport,pleasecontactourCustomer nline L C5Wav7aai2rli-eel4ayD0ba0elle2ps.oainrptemulbeelcnitstrhowensiitcihtfsionbrtomhoeaktUss.innFiotaerdvmaSrotiareetteyisnoaffoter(lm8e0ca0ttr)ioo7nn6i2ca-bf2oo9ru7mt4Wa,tosiu.letSsyoidpmereotdhcuoencUttsen,nivtteistdhitSaottuaatrpewpseaeatbr(ss3ii1tne7)pat5ri7wn2tw-3mw9a9.wy3inoleorytf.abcxoem(3.17) ibrary for rules of use; O A LHCCSeiooabtvvrrideeanrrbr9yaDIm.co5ekf/sa1CiIgg2Seon.B:n5:N©pgWrt:eLS9isliT7sen8yICeX1sa1Ttf1awo9lroo8mTg9iie2nnx1ggt4-b4ianyb-sPStturrabaclitivcseah,taCiophneesDn–antsaatio,AcInkpdpilliliauedstfroart:ion articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2) (cid:2) D ow v nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.w iley.com /doi/ by ibrahim ragab - C Contents ochrane G erm any , W ListofContributors xix iley O Introduction:IoTforDefenseandNationalSecurity xxv nline L RSStoeebcptehiroatnnD1oGuegralalIisnstroduction:Vision,Applications,andOpportunities 1 ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the T 1 DInitreercntieotnosfB5attlefieldThings:Challenges,Opportunities,andEmerging erms and C (cid:2) 1111....2314 IIIAMooonaBBBgTTTOgirvOVegsipa.WsenIiooirigaznTntinieosgn56sC,aTloaRnreecqekpuAtibredm8elezanhtser,S7tephenRussell,andAnanthramSwami onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w (cid:2) 11..44..12 TTehcehMniDcaOlCEhffaelcltenLgoeosp 191 iley.com 1111....4444....2222....3412 RDCTiooembmpuleoplsiyotnnasebietssiislosiatntynoaadlAittEdythffivaeencrPdiseoaSnrinyicanytltoDhfe1iNss2riesuepdt1io1n12 12 /terms-and-conditions) on W 111...555..21 TCPeiomrmfoeplriomnseaitsnisotananandlditEyRffieasncidileieSnnyctnyItohBe1sT4iss 1133 iley Online L 1111....5665...314 RMDFuoeubtpluultoris-eyttneaDnbeisiarlsneitctcyotyiaoAatnndtshdveeMr1Psu6oalritniiaptlloDifciiNstyreueopdftUiosn1e6 1157 ibrary for rules of use; O A 111111......667666.....65234 AMMNMCReorouuucfnnelllhtttc-riiiisleppptutenalllsiiicctcccitieoiiiuotttsnnyyyreaooor2fff1i0tTFS91ye9uimannnsceidt-nisMogcnaMulelotsi1dp7alil1ci8tiiteysof1P8erturbations 18 articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2) (cid:2) D ow vi 22Co.1ntents IOKSneybtlnsersooBodlerruoitzceaetdidown2Wa3yar2fi4ghterWeaponPlatforms:IoTMakingtheFogofWar nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com 222...324 NICoheTwaflolIernnFsgiigerhseatfsormrinIsotoTt2ihn6eSBoaldttileerfiWeldeaPproonvsided31byIoT 27 /doi/ by ibrahim 2.5 BattlefieldChallengestoAggregatingandExfiltratingData 32 ragab - C 22..76 SPtraotteecotfiothneaAndrtSe3cu7rityforIoTDataCommunication 34 ochrane G 2.8 Conclusion 37 erm References 38 any , W iley O 3 IoBTResourceAllocationviaMixedDiscreteandContinuous nline L 3333....1234 ILPAOJonrapnntottratbEioitmclhdqeeaiuumsznciaavtFtBnaiioouoldenrnnnmSttouunP3b3l9ama9artnaioodmdnuPelataeu4rrl3oiFzuaTatnibocutniaodna4s4 42 ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the T erm 33..55.1 KRentauprsnaicnkgCtoonCsotnrasitnratsints4847 s and C (cid:2) 33333.....66665....2132 KUCCCooonnmnnacpttopiinsnnuasuutctaoorktauu-iiCossnnoBBeanduulsddOEtggrxpaeeatittnim-mCceopodinzlneAassstttlirlroaoanic5inna0ettsid5o0Ans4ll9oc5a1tions 54 onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w (cid:2) 3.7 CReofnecrleunscieosns 5555 iley.com/term 44.1 ISOntpetervoeradMtuiooctrnigaoalnniziann5gd9IJoaTimDeaWtaigfohrtmDaenfenseandNationalSecurity 59 s-and-conditions) on W 4.2 ProblemStatement 60 iley O 444444......758643 EDCPSCernoheecnvdacuelceSrlllediotutnaepystngiieConecnsgeon7as06S67id2t91reartaetgioynfsorO64perationalizingData 65 nline Library for rules of use; O A 5555...213 SPRSRSootereeollafpuueblhttrlTiieeaooinmnmnncGeeSSSestttMaaaratttoeeel7inmmm1iteeeonnnrtttin––gOE7o3dvfgeIernvCdieuowsmtrpiau7lt4iMngach7in4esusingAWSIoT 73 articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2) (cid:2) D ow 5555....6475 SSSSoooolllluuuuttttiiiioooonnnnSSSSttttaaaatttteeeemmmmeeeennnntttt––––DCEStxlaroaetuamadmVpCilisenougDnaAnlaietznacaattVliiyvoitisntiucyasla7iz7n7a5dtiDonastaS7to8rage 76 Contents vii nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com 55..89 RRNeeesfxeutrlSetsntecpes7s9 7890 /doi/ by ibrahim ragab - C 6 CLohgailsletincgses8a3ndOpportunitiesofIoTforDefenseandNationalSecurity ochrane G GiseleBennett,WilliamCrowder,andChristinaBaxter erm 6.1 Introduction 83 any , W 6.2 LinkingIndustryandDoDUsesofIoT 84 iley O 6.3 SituationalAwareness 85 nline L 66666.....43434....2112 DPSSCAiuohpatlsutapitacalallyitCiecinonaaoanntglibledaoeislnlcLiAtasteiynowfgodnaarlrC8fDeoI6omnroneRDpssliesidacoela8-frtt6aPiiotmeinooesnpaslen8da58nP6dreEdqicutiipvmeCenBtMforM87aintainabilityand ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the T erm 66..44..34 PIorTepaotsDitiooDniInngstaanlldatPiolannsnin9g0forPeopleandSupplies(Prepo-in-motion) 88 s and C (cid:2) 66666.....54444....6454..21 IIOIEnoonbTTsestaeraagrlnnlvyaddatMtiDEiooaminsnnsaesasragotgseenerTmntrRcheayeneinstRFpineousgnt9pu0sPorelenastef9o92r3m91s 91 onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w (cid:2) ARecfkenreonwcleesdge9m4ent 94 iley.com/term 7 CDSahigraailtlaFeelnrTgrweenisnos-G9foo7nrzWalaerzs,hAiplicSiaysMteumnisn:-TDeocchen,oMlaorgcioess,MAípgupelizcaGtoionnzáslaezn,dLucíaSantiago s-and-conditions) on W Caamaño,andVicenteDiaz-Casas iley O 777777......212222....1233.1 PIPDIAnnhhittDgyyerissoigtgiiadrccialuaattaTllcilowtLWiTnoeiwonvnoreiflnldF1/9AuV079rn2i9crchttuiiotaenlcaWtluiotrierelsdfo:IrUnIstmeerrpfIalnecmteeerfna1tc0ae1tsion10299 nline Library for rules of use; O A 7777777.......3223332......133233...423 PDSPISDnihhhaamtiyyttepaassugiiDrlASccaaaatinttoglliiarooiLWtalnnayegolsvMeoriTesflalwdo,Fnd/MiudVne1naliD0sIrccm8thatuitiopaa1nnll0eeLaW3maLlikoeteieranelsrsdtnaaIitnn1ino0gdtne6,trahfnae1cd0UeP8sree1rd0Ii9ncttievrefaAcelgor1i1th0ms 107 articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2) (cid:2) D ow viii 77Co..33n..t54ents DSRieamfteaurlAeannticaoelnsysMis1o,1dM1ealschi1n1e0Learning,andPredictiveAlgorithms 111 nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com Section2 NInattrioodnuacltSioenc:uArirttyific1ia1l5IntelligenceandIoTforDefenseand /doi/ by ibrahim RobertDouglass ragab - C 8 NPraitnhcaipnlieelsDo.fBRaosbtiuasnt,LSeuasrmniitnJghaa,nPdaIunlofeTraebnuceadfao,rVIeonBuTgsop1a1l9Veeravalli,andGunjanVerma ochrane G 88..21 DInitmerennestioonfsBoafttRleefiseplodnTsihbilnegAsIand12In0telligence 119 ermany , W 8.2.1 ResearchChallengesinIoBTs 121 iley O 8.2.2 Trust,ResilienceandInterpretability 122 nline L 888888......534768 RDNFDCuooieosbtntvtueureccrillsbetutDiunsDSeitgeoiieorcnSpenuucLarrteleip1loaySr2nrit8Rsnasetoi:enbAg1Eu2dssR7vtteieLmprersaaeatrsrineoianinnltDagte1iof2e1n5n2:6sDeyannadmOicuatlliSeyrsDteemtecti1o2n4 123 ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the Term References 128 s and C (cid:2) 999..12 IADSInohIhTtiairqrotAaiadjtpnhuJpogeclstiWEhicodiaa,ngtnNieogi:r,n1mCas3nhi3tdaD1lDl3eeis4nnaegi,sehSsh,VyAeaprmmpalaicPartoisoands,CahnodwDdhiruercyt,iWonesi-Ha1n33Lee,LuisBathen, onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w (cid:2) 99..22..11.1 VViissuuaallIRnescpoegcntiiotinonofA1s3s5ets 135 iley.com/term 9999....2222....2121...312 TFIAnihIxseOperdempcIttaioimloTIninSzaaestpntiEesocolnetricsotvnr1si3co.5fRSAuIDbssssetatst1io3n51s35136 s-and-conditions) on W 9.2.2.2 ProposedAutomation 136 iley O 999999......232222.....34333...231 PODIPGneoaitsrshiupnstergpetrieeecbrDctuDitDoetieevnfetedeetnoecCAfscteoitIAoiroAannrnnearcdclaoth1niCgoi3dtoneM7mTcetemutx1ert3ereRr8sceaican1ol3dgU8GnsiaetiuCognaesses131831738 nline Library for rules of use; OA 9999999.......3344333......311121..12 NCTDBOEeadeeapccngwtehaketnnrgPOAaCroalopIlirhozusaaegndldy1lideg14:Anm40CI1g3:e4eDns31tiir3snat9rlEiizbdeugdteeAAdIIAaIn1d41E14d2geAI 139 articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2) (cid:2) D ow 9999....4444....1112...123 SDMStaiaommtdipesetnlliicsOniagoplnsfSrauolmmi1ty4mO4Rareridgieiunscatilo1Sn4p3ac1e44144 Contents ix nloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com 999...444...322..21 EOOxpOptDiemrDiimzeaetetnicottsnioann1A4d7lAgodraipthtamtion145147 /doi/ by ibrahim 9.4.3.1 ModelPruning 148 ragab - C 99..44..33..23 MOtohdeerlSQchueamnteizsati1o4n9 148 ochrane G 9.4.3.4 Experiments:ModelOptimizationforAssetInspection 149 erm 9.4.4 FederatedLearning 149 any , W 9.4.4.1 ResourceEfficiencyofFL 151 iley O 9.4.4.2 PrivacyConsiderations 151 nline L 999999......555555.....33123..21 ACLCMReeooduasnlallerptatnaiebt-riximoncvthr-egobadNwDtaiasoaiielrtvnhedLicgAeRMtaaimetoruisnnoooltinsnuin-grtgmocH1eoO5udO12pma5ptl3itamSinmeisnziazseinanStdiegonRnsoi1bn5og13t5s2151452 ibrary on [14/01/2023]. See the T erm 9.6 CReofnecrleunscieosns 151555 s and C (cid:2) 10 EDTAanIadvvEaiinrdnoaoWnbblmoueodeIdnnP,otJrsuaoeec,-e1wDs6oisn1ioneksghAohVfneE,rnmSveairr,aoapnnhmdineSCnhaitqaloila,SnNogaunWncdaynsGgirnecCoo,mKemitehrcGirauleannedbeDregf,ense onditions (https://onlinelibrary.w (cid:2) 1100..11.1 ICnhtraolldeuncgteiosn161261 iley.com/term 11110000....1212...231 SIDUoyesTsefteeACnmcasoesOueUssvtseierc1vsC6ivea6sws.eSsp1e6e15c6h6Recognition 166 s-and-conditions) on W 10.2.1.1 PerimeterDefense 167 iley O 111111000000......222222......211122.....24312 CFVAMVleeoceahhtmeniiivtccumaallfeetaneiocrCMdctnluiFoaaoranslifscniUitiOfiglositrctehiiaenCe1tsgir6aoM8Msnea1osi6dn18at61el7i6nt8iaensce161768 nline Library for rules of use; O A 11111110000000.......2224443.....22212...453 SHADMTSyeenaeocsctaitduhamelertnmMhilaotclTylaAaoHrnragraeuciy1nghs6ebii9nmt1a1eg6n7ce9dPt1nuritpyraeenlid1n16eC699ur1a7t3ion 171 articles are governed by the applicable C reative C om m ons L icense (cid:2)