Ionic liquid devices PDF
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Ionic Liquid Devices 1 0 0 P F 9- 3 8 1 1 0 8 8 7 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// htt n o 7 1 0 2 er b m e pt e S 4 . n 1 o d e h s bli u P View Online Smart Materials Series editors: Hans-Jörg Schneider, Saarland University, Germany 1 00 Mohsen Shahinpoor, University of Maine, USA P F 9- 83 Titles in this series: 1 01 1: Janus Particle Synthesis, Self-Assembly and Applications 8 78 2: Smart Materials for Drug Delivery: Volume 1 1 78 3: Smart Materials for Drug Delivery: Volume 2 9 9/ 4: Materials Design Inspired by Nature 3 0 1 5: Responsive Photonic Nanostructures: Smart Nanoscale Optical 0. oi:1 Materials g | d 6: Magnetorheology: Advances and Applications or 7: Functional Nanometer-Sized Clusters of Transition Metals: Synthesis, sc. Properties and Applications s.r b 8: Mechanochromic Fluorescent Materials: Phenomena, Materials and u p p:// Applications htt 9: Cell Surface Engineering: Fabrication of Functional Nanoshells n o 10: Biointerfaces: Where Material Meets Biology 7 01 11: Semiconductor Nanowires: From Next-Generation Electronics to 2 er Sustainable Energy b m 12: Supramolecular Materials for Opto-Electronics e ept 13: Photocured Materials S 4 14: Chemoresponsive Materials: Stimulation by Chemical and Biological . on 1 Signals d e 15: Functional Metallosupramolecular Materials h s bli 16: Bio-Synthetic Hybrid Materials and Bionanoparticles: A Biological u P Chemical Approach Towards Material Science 17: Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMCs): Smart Multi-Functional Materials and Artificial Muscles Volume 1 18: Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMCs): Smart Multi-Functional Materials and Artificial Muscles Volume 2 19: Conducting Polymers: Bioinspired Intelligent Materials and Devices 20: Smart Materials for Advanced Environmental Applications 21: Self-cleaning Coatings: Structure, Fabrication and Application 22: Functional Polymer Composites with Nanoclays 23: Bioactive Glasses: Fundamentals, Technology and Applications 24: Smart Materials for Tissue Engineering: Fundamental Principles View Online 25: Smart Materials for Tissue Engineering: Applications 26: Biobased Smart Polyurethane Nanocomposites: From Synthesis to Applications 27: Inorganic Two-dimensional Nanomaterials: Fundamental 1 0 Understanding, Characterizations and Energy Applications 0 P F 28: Ionic Liquid Devices 9- 3 8 1 1 0 8 8 7 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// htt n o 7 1 0 2 er b m e pt e S 4 . n 1 o d e h s bli u P How to obtain future titles on publication: A standing order plan is available for this series. A standing order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately on publication. For further information please contact: Book Sales Department, Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0WF, UK Telephone: +44 (0)1223 420066, Fax: +44 (0)1223 420247 Email: [email protected] Visit our website at www.rsc.org/books View Online 1 0 0 P F 9- 3 8 1 1 0 8 8 7 1 8 7 9 9/ 03 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// htt n o 7 1 0 2 er b m e pt e S 4 . n 1 o d e h s bli u P View Online Ionic Liquid Devices 1 0 0 P F 9- 3 Edited by 8 1 1 0 8 8 Ali Eftekhari 7 1 78 Ulster University, Belfast, UK 9 9/ Email: [email protected] 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// htt n o 7 1 0 2 er b m e pt e S 4 . n 1 o d e h s bli u P View Online 1 0 0 P F 9- 3 8 1 1 0 8 8 7 1 8 7 9 9/ Smart Materials No. 28 3 0 1 0. Print ISBN: 978-1-78801-181-5 1 oi: PDF eISBN: 978-1-78801-183-9 d g | EPUB eISBN: 978-1-78801-208-9 or ISSN: 2046-0066 c. s bs.r A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library u p p:// © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 htt n 7 o All rights reserved 1 0 2 er Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of research for non-commercial purposes or for mb private study, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents e pt Act 1988 and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003, this publication may e S not be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior 4 . n 1 permission in writing of The Royal Society of Chemistry or the copyright owner, or in d o the case of reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright e h Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the s bli appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning u P reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to The Royal Society of Chemistry at the address printed on this page. Whilst this material has been produced with all due care, The Royal Society of Chemistry cannot be held responsible or liable for its accuracy and completeness, nor for any consequences arising from any errors or the use of the information contained in this publication. The publication of advertisements does not constitute any endorsement by The Royal Society of Chemistry or Authors of any products advertised. The views and opinions advanced by contributors do not necessarily reflect those of The Royal Society of Chemistry which shall not be liable for any resulting loss or damage arising as a result of reliance upon this material. The Royal Society of Chemistry is a charity, registered in England and Wales, Number 207890, and a company incorporated in England by Royal Charter (Registered No. RC000524), registered office: Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W1J 0BA, UK, Telephone: +44 (0) 207 4378 6556. For further information see our web site at www.rsc.org Printed in the United Kingdom by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY, UK 7 0 0 P F 9- 3 18 Foreword 1 0 8 8 7 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: Ionic liquids may change the world! Since ionic liquids have the potential to g | d show unique physico-chemical properties that cannot be realised by ordi- or nary molecular liquids, they will be able to widen the science of liquids. This c. s.rs book, Ionic Liquids Devices, has been published as a collection of the latest ub results on the science of ionic liquids, especially those with the keywords of p p:// “interaction” and “design”. Since many ionic liquids have negligible vapour htt pressure, you will find that the electron microscopy of “wet” samples has n o been carried out first with ionic liquids. In addition, an efficient carbon diox- 7 01 ide absorption device was found to be conceivable due to the use of ionic liq- 2 er uids. This pushed us to design other gas sensors. Surprising developments in b m these techniques are introduced in this book. e ept There are some interesting devices awaiting collaboration with ionic liq- S 4 uids. Readers of this book will be surprised by the advancement of the science . on 1 of ionic liquids. A few known technologies are summarized in this book, but d he readers will also find the expanded application areas of these devices with s bli the aid of ionic liquids. For example, known sensors have been improved and u P the area of application has been widened considerably by the use of ionic liquids. Health science has also been developed by the use of ionic liquids. Wearable sensors and drug delivery systems are now in our hands with the study of functional ionic liquids and their biocompatibility. These develop- ments are based on the study of the interaction between ionic liquids and biomaterials. Many scientists have stated that ionic liquids are a kind of salt and they should be hazardous for biological systems. Actually, many ionic liquids are toxic for biosystems, but there are some exceptions. Some ionic liquids can be prepared from biomolecules such as amino acids. Since the bioactivity of these ionic liquids is extremely important, in the discussion of biocompatibility and biological application of ionic liquids, it is also com- mented on in this book. Smart Materials No. 28 Ionic Liquid Devices Edited by Ali Eftekhari © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, www.rsc.org vii View Online viii Foreword The scientific future is yours and it should be upgraded by the contribu- tion of ionic liquids. Enjoy this book and apply ionic liquids to your study and/or research! 7 Hiroyuki Ohno 0 0 P F 9- 3 8 1 1 0 8 8 7 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: d g | or c. s s.r b u p p:// htt n o 7 1 0 2 er b m e pt e S 4 . n 1 o d e h s bli u P 9 0 0 P F 9- 3 18 Preface 1 0 8 8 7 1 8 7 9 9/ 3 0 1 0. 1 oi: Ionic liquids (ILs) have been the subject of many research projects in various g | d disciplines during the last few years. This emerging attention is because of or an incredible versatility in design. Unfortunately, ILs have been simply con- c. s.rs sidered as alternative solvents, but their potentials are way beyond simple ub solvents. In practice, they have been unable to replace the conventional sol- p p:// vents for two essential reasons: high viscosity and cost. Owing to the inter- htt active nature of mobile ions, a high viscosity is somehow a characteristic n o feature of ILs. Although mass production reduces the cost of ILs for practical 7 01 applications, the purification process is still time-consuming and expensive 2 er since ILs are prone to get contaminated easily. b m The present book aims to introduce other types of IL applications in which e ept these issues are no longer hindering problems. In fact, high viscosity can be S 4 an advantage in a series of applications in which the liquidity of IL is not the . on 1 key feature but the ion mobility. In this case, the liquidity of ILs should be d he controlled in designing smart devices. In many of these applications of ILs s bli as smart materials, the purity is not a major requirement, rather the material u P response is the target, which most contaminations cannot affect. This book is the first of its kind and, thus, is far from being a comprehen- sive resource covering all potential applications. In fact, this field has not been properly classified yet, and many of relevant works are somehow lost in the literature. We simply wish to attract the attention of researchers from quite different disciplines to new and innovative potentials of ILs. I have had the opportunity to collaborate with leading authors to prepare a meaningful collection of different applications. The first two chapters sum- marize the possibilities of utilizing some characterization techniques for inspecting ILs in novel applications. Then, the ionic characteristics of ILs are reviewed to have a better understanding of the IL flexibility in interac- tive systems. Common applications of ILs will be the bridge to the chapters Smart Materials No. 28 Ionic Liquid Devices Edited by Ali Eftekhari © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, www.rsc.org ix View Online x Preface devoted to various types of sensors and actuators. The final chapters intro- duce groundbreaking biomedical applications of ILs. In addition to editors and authors who contribute scientifically, there are numerous hardworking backstage people who make the publication of a book 9 0 possible. These sincere efforts should be especially acknowledged, but it will 0 P F be a long list. However, I would like to specifically thank Ms Catriona Clarke 9- 83 who has devoted much time to this project and worked closely with me to 1 01 enhance the book as a whole. In addition, I wish to thank Professor Mohsen 8 78 Shahinpoor, the editor of the RSC Smart Materials book series, whose helpful 1 78 discussions initiated the possibility of considering this emerging topic. 9 9/ The present book is the result of the teamwork of various people who 3 10 wished to emphasize the potentials and merits of ILs in smart applications. 0. 1 Definitely, this volume is not perfect and free from errors, but it is the starting oi: d point. As the editor, I appreciate any comment or feedback from the readers org | to improve possible forthcoming volumes. c. s s.r Ali Eftekhari b u p p:// htt n o 7 1 0 2 er b m e pt e S 4 . n 1 o d e h s bli u P
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