Ion Formation from Organic Solids: Proceedings of the Second International Conference Münster, Fed. Rep. of Germany September 7–9, 1982 PDF
Preview Ion Formation from Organic Solids: Proceedings of the Second International Conference Münster, Fed. Rep. of Germany September 7–9, 1982
25 Springer Series in Chemical Physics Edited by Robert Gomer Springer Series in Chemical Physics Editors: V. I. Goldanskii R. Gomer F. P. Schafer J. P. Toennies Atomic Spectra and Radiative 16 Spectroscopy of Molecular Excitions Transitions By 1. 1. Sobel mann By V. L. Broude, E.1. Rashba, 2 Surface Crystallography by LEED E. F. Sheka Theory, Computation and Structural 17 Inelastic Particle-Surface Collisions Results. By M. A. Van Hove, S. Y. Tong Editors: E. Taglauer, W. Heiland 3 Advances in Laser Chemistry 18 Modelling of Chemical Reaction Editor: A. H. Zewail Systems Editors: K. H. Ebert, 4 Picosecond Phenomena P. Deuflhard, W. Jager Editors: C. V. Shank, E. P. Ippen, 19 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry S.L. Shapiro SIMS III 5 Laser Spectroscopy Editors: A. Benninghoven, J. Giber, Basic Concepts and Instrumentation J. Laszl6, M. Riedel, H. W. Werner By W. Demtroder 2nd Printing 20 Chemistry and Physics of Solid 6 Laser-Induced Processes in Surfaces IV Editors: R. Vanselow, Molecules Physics and Chemistry R.Howe Editors: K. L. Kompa, S. D. Smith 21 Dynamics of Gas-Surface Interaction 7 Excitation of Atoms aud Broadening Editors: G. Benedek, U. Valbusa of Spectral Lines By 1. I. Sobelman, 22 Nonlinear Laser Chemistry L. A. Vainshtein, E. A. Yukov Multiple-Photon Excitation 8 Spin Exchange By V. S. Letokhov Principles and Applications in 23 Picosecond Phenomena III Chemistry and Biology Editors: K. B. Eisenthal, R. M. Hochstrasser, By Yu. N. Molin, K. M. Salikhov, W. Kaiser, A. Laubereau K. I. Zamaraev 24 Desorption Induced by Electronic 9 Secondary Ions Mass Spectrometry Transitions DIET I Editors: N. H. Tolk, SIMS II Editors: A. Benninghoven, M. M. Traum, J. C. Tully, T. E. Madey C.A. Evans, Jr., R.A. Powell, 25 Ion Formation from Organic Solids R. Shimizu, H. A. Storms Editor: A. Benninghoven 10 Lasers and Chemical Change 26 Semiclassical Theories of Molecular By A. Ben-Shaul, Y. Haas, Scattering By B. C. Eu, M. 1.. Sink K. L. Kompa, R. D. Levine 27 EXAFS and Near Edge Structures II Liquid Crystals of One-and Editors: A. Bianconi, L. lncoccia, S. Stipcich Two-Dimensional Order 28 Atom in the Strong Light Field Editors: W. Helfrich, G. Heppke By N. B. Delone, V. P. Krainov 29 Gas Flow in Nozzles 12 Gasdynamic Laser By S. A. Losev By U. Pirumov, G. Roslyakov 13 Atomic Many-Body Theory 30 Theory of Slow Atomic Reactions By I. Lindgren, J. Morrison By E. E. Nikitin, S. Ya. Umanskii 14 Picosecond Phenomena II 31 Reference Data on Atomic and Molecular Editors: R. M. Hochstrasser, Physics By A. A. Radzig, B. M. Smirnov W. Kaiser, C. V. Shank 32 Adsorption Processes on Semiconductor IS Vibrational Spectroscopy of and Dielectric Surfaces I Adsorbates Editor: R. F. Willis By V. F. Kiselev, O. V. Krylov Ion Formation from Organic Solids Proceedings of the Second International Conference Munster, Fed. Rep. of Germany September 7 -9,1982 Editor: A. Benninghoven With 170 Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo 1983 Professor Dr. Alfred Benninghoven Physikalisches Institut der Universitat MUnster, DomagkstraJ3e 75 D-4400 MUnster, Fed. Rep. of Germany Series Editors Professor Vitalii I. Goldanskii Professor Dr. Fritz Peter Schafer Institute of Chemical Physics Max-Planck-Institut fUr Academy of Sciences Biophysikalische Chemie Vorobyevskoye Chaussee 2-b D-3400 Gottingen-Nikolausberg Moscow V-334, USSR Fed. Rep. of Germany Professor Robert Gomer Professor Dr. J. Peter Toennies The James Franck Institute Max-Planck-Institut fUr Stromungsforschung The University of Chicago BottingerstraJ3e 6-8 5640 Ellis Avenue D-3400 Gottingen Chicago, IL 60637, USA Fed. Rep. of Germany ISBN 978-3-642-87150-4 ISBN 978-3-642-87148-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-87148-1 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Main entry under title: Ion formation from organic solids. (Springer series in chemical physics; v. 25). Includes index. 1. Secondary ion emission-Congresses. 2. Secondary ion mass spectrometry-Congresses. 3. Organic compounds-Spectra-Congresses. 4. Field desorption mass spectrometry-Congresses. I. Benninghoven,A. II. Series. QC702.7.E41571983 547.1'3722 83-4714 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the matenal IS concerned, specifically those oftranslation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under ~ 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to "Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort", Munich. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1983 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1983 The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. 215313130-543210 Preface The Second International Conference on Ion Formation from Organic Solids (IFOS II) was held at the University of MUnster, Federal Republic of Germa ny, from September 7 to 9, 1982. The subject of the conference was the rapid ly developing field of ion formation from ~nvolatile, thermally labile organ ic compounds. Rapid progress has been made in this field in the last few years, mainly because of the discovery of unexpected new ionization proces ses such as sputtering and laser-induced desorption. The aim of the conference was twofold: to acquire a basic understanding of these "soft" ionization processes on the one hand, and to examine their present and future analytical applications on the other. sought to bring. ~Je together scientists working in fundamental as well as applied research. The participants represented such widely varied fields as pure and applied phys ics and chemistry, biochemistry, nuclear and solid-state physics, medicine, and pharmacology. These proceedings contain all of the papers presented at the conference. Six review papers cover the fundamentals of different ionization processes. The authors of these reviews were asked to give up-to-date surveys in cluding characteristics of spectra, the influence of excitation parameters, tentative models for ion formation processes, and assessments of their ana lytical applications. These reviews are followed by 26 contributed papers dealing with more specialized aspects of the ionization processes and their analytical applications. This volume is the first comprehensive treatment of all recently developed ionization techniques for involatile, especially organic, material. It is the hope of the editor that this volume will not on.ly be helpful to those seeking a better understanding of ion formation processes, but will also meet the needs of the rapidly increasing number of laboratories applying these new developments in mass spectrometry as an analytical tool. I am grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn, and the Office of Naval Research, Washington, D.C., for their generous financial support, v and to the University of MUnster for its hospitality. The conference was pre pared in close cooperation with Dr. F.E. Saalfeld of the ONR, and I would also like to thank Dr. R.J. Colton, ONR, Dr. W. Sichtermann, MUnster, and my secretary Miss I. Bekemeier for their assistance. The success of the con ference was largely due to their efforts. r~Unster, Fed. Rep. of Germany A. Benninghoven January 1983 VI Contents Part 7 Field Desorption 1.1 Principles of Field Desorption Mass Spectrometry (Review) By F.W. Rollgen (With 5 Figures) ... ................. ........ .... 2 1.2 Analytical Application of Field Desorption Mass Spectrometry (Review). By H.-R. Schulten (With 11 Figures) .......... ......... 14 Part 2 252Cf-Plasma Desorption 2.1 High Energy Heavy-Ion Induced Desorption (Review) By R.D. Macfarlane (With 8 Figures) ............................. 32 2.2 Secondary Ion Emission From Metals Under Fission Fragment Bombardment. By K. Wien and O. Becker (With 5 Figures) .......... 47 2.3 Fast Heavy Ion Induced Desorption of Molecular Ions from Small Proteins. By B. Sundqvist, P. Hgkansson, I. Kamensky, and J. Kjellberg (With 4 Figures) ................................... 52 2.4 Problems in Standardization of 252Cf Fission Fragment Induced Desorption Mass Spectrometry. By H. Jungclas, L. Schmidt, and H. Danigel (With 4 Figures) ..................................... 58 Part 3 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) Incuding FAB 3.1 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry of Organic Compounds (Review) By A. Benninghoven (With 16 Figures) ............. ..... .......... 64 3.2 Fast Atom Bombardment (Review). By C. Fenselau (With 8 Figures) ., 90 3.3 Changes in Secondary Ion and Metastable Ion Mass Spectral Patterns with Experimental Conditions. By H. Kambara (With 7 Figures) .... 101 3.4 Time-of-Flight Measurements of Metastable Decay By K.G. Standing, W. Ens, and R. Beavis (With 3 Figures) 107 VII 3.5 Design and Performance of a New Time-of-Flight Instrument for SIMS By P. Steffens, E. Niehuis" T. Friese, and A. Benninghoven (With 4 Figures) ................................................ 111 3.6 Secondary Ion Emission from Adsorption Layers on Nickel By D. Greifendorf, P. Beckmann, M. Schemmer, and A. Benninghoven (With 4 Figures) ................................................ 118 3.7 Secondary Ion Emission from UHV-Deposited I'-mino Acid Overlayers on ~1etals. By W. Lange, D. Holtkamp, M. Jirikowsky, and A. Benninghoven (With 6 Figures) ................................ 124 3.8 Temperature Dependence of Secondary Ion Emission from Phenylalanine By W. Sichtermann (With 4 Figures) .•••...••...•..••.•..•........ 132 3.9 Matrix Effects on Internal Energy in Desorption Ionization By K.L. Busch, B.H. Hsu, Y.-X. Xie, and R.G. Cooks (With 5 Figures) 138 3.10 Mass Spectrometry of Secondary Ions: Polymers, Plasticizers and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. By J.E. Campana, ~1.M. Ross, S.L. Rose, J.R. Wyatt, and R.J. Colton (With 4 Figures) ......... 144 3.11 SIMS Studies of Polymer Surfaces. By D. Briggs (With 7 Figures) 156 3.12 A Comparative Study of Organic Polymers by SH1S and FABMS By D. Briggs, A. Brown, J.A. Van den Berg, and J.C. Vickerman (With 4 Figures) ................................................ 162 3.13 Use of a Cesium Primary Beam for Liquid SIMS Analysis ofBio-Organic Compounds. By W. Aberth and A.L. Burlingame (With 2 Figures) 167 3.14 Fast Atom Bombardment Study of Glycerol Mass Spectra and Radiation Chemistry. By F.H. Field ........................................ 172 3.15 The Use of FAB for the Solution of Difficult Mass Spectral Problems By C.E. Costello, A.M. Van Langenhove, S.A. Martin, and K. Biemann (With 4 Figures) ................................................ 173 3.16 Biological and Medical Applications of Organic SIr1S. By M. Junack, A. Eicke, W. Sichtermann, and A. Benninghoven (\>Jith 3 Figures) .... 177 3.17 Low and High Resolution FAB Applications in Positive and Negative Ionization Mode. By U. Rapp and M. Hahn (With 10 Figures) 182 Part 'I Laser Induced Ion Formation 4.1 Laser Induced Ion Formation from Organic Solids (Review) By F. Hillenkamp (With 1 Figure) ................................ 190 4.2 Time Resolved Laser Desorption. By R.J. Cotter, M. Snow, and M. Colvin (With 3 Figures) ..................................... 206 4.3 New Developments in Laser Pulse Induced Field Desorption By J.H. Block, W. Drachsel, N. Ernst, Th. Jentsch, and S. Nishigaki (With 4 Figures) ~ .................................. 211 VIII 4.4 Thermal Processes in Repetitive Laser Desorption Mass Spectrometry By F. Heresch (With 3 Figures) .................................. 217 4.5 Laser ~1ass Spectrometry of Organi c Compounds By D.M. Hercules, C.D. Parker, K. Balasanmugam, and S.K. Viswanadham (With 4 Figures) ............................... 222 4.6 LAMMA 1000, a New Reflection Mode Laser Microprobe Mass Analyzer, and Its Application to EDTA and Diolen® By H.J. Heinen, S. ~1eier, and H. Vogt (With 3 Figures) .......... 229 4.7 Some Experiments on Laser Induced Cationization of Sucrose By P. Wi eser and R. Wurster (With 4 Fi gures) . . .. .. .. . . . . . ... .. .. 235 4.8 Mass Spectrometry of Organic Compounds (~2000 amu) and Tracing of Organic Molecules in Plant Tissue with LAMMA By U. Seydel and B. Lindner (With 5 Figures) .................... 240 Part 5 Other Ion Formation Processes 5.1 Ion Emissions from Liquids (Review) By M.L. Vestal (With 15 Figures) •.••.•.•••..•••..•.•..••..•..... 246 5.2 Fast Dust PB-rticles as Primaries- Comparison of Ion Formation with Other Techni ques. By F. R. Krueger ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Index of Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 269 IX Part 1 Field Desorption
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