Investigative Interviewing: Psychology, Method and Practice

370 Pages·2014·5.86 MB·English

Business Management / Security Management F
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There are few skills more important to the modern fact finder than the r
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ability to obtain information through effective interviewing. While most
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interviewing books are intended for law enforcement, they often present o
harsh and accusatory techniques that can be counterproductive in private
sector investigations.
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Investigative Interviewing: Psychology, Method and Practice covers modern
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techniques for private sector investigative interviews. It outlines a highly
structured and process-driven technique that takes a nonaccusatory v
approach, uses no intimidation or coercion, and has been proven to achieve
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admission rates above 90 percent. This time-tested methodology is easy to
learn and replicate and will help you to significantly diminish the likelihood s
of false confessions.
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Illustrates the process of investigation
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• Identifies the differences between the public and private sectors
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• Reviews the fundamentals of interviewing
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• Covers the investigative interview method
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• Explains how to overcome objections v
• Considers legal challenges and litigation avoidance
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Sharing insights garnered from the author’s 30 years of experience in
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investigations and interviewing, the book includes case studies based on n
actual investigations that illustrate industry best practices. Although the
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text focuses on private sector investigations, the methods presented are also
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applicable in law enforcement settings.
Investigative
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This book presents the tools and methods required to produce investigative
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results that are legal and admissible in court. It will help you develop the skills
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to ensure ethical interviewing practice while investigating a range of situations
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and protecting against those who intend to cause the organization harm. Interviewing
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K20490
Psychology, Method, and Practice
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w w w. c r c p r e s s . c o m
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Investigative
Interviewing
Psychology, Method, and Practice
K20490_half title.indd 1 5/19/14 10:45 AM

Investigative
Interviewing
Psychology, Method, and Practice
Eugene F. Ferraro,
CPP, SPHR
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2015 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 20140519
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For Marine Corps First Lieutenant Rob Brown.
He was 23 years old when he stepped on a landmine in the Republic of South
Vietnam. The day was Thursday, January 25, 1968, and Rob was on point and
in front of his men. He always wanted to be the first to have contact with the
enemy. “The first time my platoon was ambushed, my men hunkered down
and simply took the fire. It wasn’t that they were afraid. It took me a moment,
but then I realized—they were waiting. They were waiting to be led.”

Contents
Disclaimer .....................................................................................................xv
Preface .........................................................................................................xvii
Acknowledgments ........................................................................................xix
About the Author .........................................................................................xxi
Introduction ..............................................................................................xxiii
1 The Process of Investigation ...................................................................1
1.1 The Genesis of Process .......................................................................2
1.2 Process of Investigation .....................................................................3
1.3 Investigation Terminology .................................................................5
1.3.1 Investigation .........................................................................5
1.3.2 The Subject ...........................................................................6
1.3.3 Interview versus Interrogation ..............................................7
1.3.4 The Suspected Wrongdoer ....................................................8
1.3.5 Fact Finders versus Investigators ...........................................8
1.3.6 Decision Maker versus Prosecutor ........................................8
1.3.7 Misconduct and Malfeasance ...............................................9
1.4 Elements of a Successful Investigation ...............................................9
1.4.1 Management Commitment ..................................................9
1.4.2 Meaningful Objectives .......................................................14
1.4.3 Well-Conceived Strategy ....................................................16
1.4.4 Properly Pooled Resources ..................................................17
1.4.5 Lawful Execution ...............................................................18
1.5 The Eight Methods of Investigation .................................................19
1.5.1 Physical Surveillance ..........................................................19
1.5.2 Electronic Surveillance .......................................................20
1.5.3 Research and Internal Audit ...............................................20
1.5.4 Forensic Analysis ................................................................22
1.5.5 Undercover .........................................................................24
1.5.6 Interviews ...........................................................................25
vii
viii ◾ Contents
1.6 The Seven Phases of Investigation ....................................................26
1.6.1 Assessment ..........................................................................27
1.6.2 Preparation and Planning ...................................................28
1.6.3 Information Gathering and Fact Finding ...........................28
1.6.4 Verification and Analysis ....................................................30
1.6.5 Decision Making ................................................................31
1.6.6 Disbursement of Disciplinary and/or Corrective Action .....32
1.6.7 Prevention and Education ...................................................33
1.7 Summary .........................................................................................33
1.8 Frequently Asked Questions ...........................................................34
Endnotes ....................................................................................................35
2 The Differences between the Public and Private Sector .......................37
2.1 An Historical Perspective .................................................................38
2.2 Mission ............................................................................................39
2.3 Advantages of the Public Sector .......................................................41
2.3.1 Powers of Arrest ..................................................................41
2.3.2 Search and Seizure .............................................................42
2.3.3 Grand Jury and Special Inquiries .......................................42
2.3.4 Prosecution and Punishment ..............................................43
2.3.5 Resources ...........................................................................44
2.4 Advantages of the Private Sector ......................................................45
2.4.1 Due Process ........................................................................45
2.4.2 Entrapment.........................................................................47
2.4.2.1 Establish That the Misconduct Was
Preexistent .....................................................48
2.4.2.2 Establish the Motive of the Offender ..................48
2.4.3 A Lower Burden of Proof ....................................................49
2.5 Significant Trends in the Private Sector ...........................................52
2.5.1 More Sophisticated Crimes and Perpetrators ......................52
2.5.2 Greater Use of Technology .................................................52
2.5.3 More Litigious Workforce...................................................54
2.5.4 Expanded Rights and Protections of Employees .................55
2.6 Summary .........................................................................................56
2.7 Frequently Asked Questions ............................................................56
Endnotes ....................................................................................................57
3 The Fundamentals of Interviewing.......................................................59
3.1 The Role of the Investigative Interviewer .........................................60
3.2 Qualities of a Professional Investigative Interviewer ........................60
3.2.1 Skill ....................................................................................61
3.2.2 Experience ..........................................................................61
3.2.3 Impartiality ........................................................................63