INVERTEBRATES KOTPAL VOL:01

2012·69.02 MB·Norwegian

MODERN TEXT BOOKOF ZOOLOGY —

INVERTEBRATES

RLS KOTPAL
DERN TEXT BOOK OF ZOOLOGY I

INVERTEBRATES

(ANIMAL DIVERSITY - 1)
R.L.KOTPAL

sane FORMERLY,

--- PROFESSOR AND HEAD
DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY
MEERUT COLLEGE
MEERUT
“MODERN TEXT BOOK OF ZOOLOC

INVERTEBRATES ~

(ANIMAL DIVERSITY -D~,

ATEXT BOOK FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

_— GOMPLIMENTARY COPY =

~ With Best Compliments of
the Authors & Publishers
= aa

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NEW DELHI 110055

HINDI EDITION
IS ALSO AVAILABLE

MODERN TEXT BOOK OF ZOOLOGY
INVERTEBRATES

ISBN : 978-81-7133-803 -7

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Preface to the
Present Edition

Wo are plezsed to place before the readers, the ‘Tenth Revised Elton of the book
‘Modern Text Book of Zoology : INVERTEBRATES.” In the last few yeas the
syllabi of many Indian universities have undergone visamges in the light of UGC
Model Curiculum. This has necessisied a revision of the book t include the
necessary subject macer, to make the kook up to-duce and more informative, [uliling
the need of B.Se, (Pass) and B.S (Hons) stedents of most of the Indian universities,

Jn the revised edition chapter an ‘Animal Diversity and Taxonomy" has been
added in the beginning of the book. Various designs of Life-cycle und Type study
eic,, wherever necessary have been enlarged or reduced Zor better understanding.
‘and presentation, Aller every chapter various types of questions such as—Long
‘Answer Type, Short Answer Type, Very Shost Answer Type, Tre and False,
Matching Type and Objective Type Questious have been added as per the
requiremenis of the new syllabi,

“We hope that the studemts end teachers of must of the universities in Tndia d
abroad will find this new edition mauch more ussful. Students appearing for various
‘competitive examinstions shall eso find the book more informative and uptodate,

(Our sincere thanks to our feu of leamed reviewers, editors and acvisors for
their valuable co-operation and help rendered in the revision of the book.

1: improvement of this book are eotdially invited and

Suggestions for furtke

set be neuen fe
_ —The Publisher
Preface to the
First Edition

‘We are living in an age of Science wheie man has reached to moon and has made re:nckable achievemens
in various scientific spheres, A numbec of highly complicated and technical instrumen's have heen devised
to onable the modem resource: to evolve new ideas as theories. The electson microscope, for instance, is
an indispensable compénion of a growing biclogist. The old concepts ate being declared ubsolete day hy
doy, more so in Biology. Many a concept in Cytology and Histology bas undergone a cemarkable change,
‘The fast changing face of Zoology his eresled a gap and has given an impelus 9 the authors to present
the “Modern eat Book of Zoology : INVERTEBRATES” for the young stodonts preparing for the degres
and honors courses of various universities in India end sbroad.

The authors, with their long teaching and writing experience, have altempled to produce a compete
book on Invertebrates. For a better study of Invertebrate Phyl, inttoductery chapters on the basic principles
of Zoology, Taxonomy and Cyiclogy sieve been incorporated. The various phyla have been treated in a
simple and lusid style and are in accordance wilh the syllabi of all the Indian universities. The approach
1 the discussion of ail phyla is very simple so #3 to impart to the students a clear and vivid understanding
“According to the scheme of resiment te important aninsal types of each phylim have been dealt wit Lis
and effors have bees made ‘o present their elohorate and up-o-late account This is followed by a chapter
fon charactors and classification and Wie? description of other important types of the phylum. Furth 2
chupec on topics of significance and gensml interest peraiing (othe phylura has also bern. added 9 make
the remment more elaborals. Relevant comparative accounts have alsn been given where voosidered necessry.

Tt has heen the constant endeaveur of the authors to furnish maximum substance, Keeping in view the
limitations of size and bulk of the book. Efforts have been made to condense the matter as far es
pricicable, The sive of print has been selected acvording to the needs of the toxt. Special attention has
been paid to the prepatation of ilostations, these have heen designed with utmost care and accuracy and
“conform to the description in the text. They are quite simple and capable of being reproduced by the
stasents without much difficulty. An exhausive Index and a list of hooks suggested for further study will
be.of great help to the students.

Suggestions for the improvement of the book wi wl ane ted in
oe acm 7 book will be thankfully acknowledged and incorporated i

~The Authors
EB Diversity of Animals : Moder Classification

Diversity of Animals;
Significancs of Classification;

Brief History of Classification;
Nomenclature of Organism;

Bitte Invertebrates

‘What is an Invertebra:e?
Invertehraze Phyla;

Invertebrata versus Non-Chordate;
Diversity of Invertebrat

‘Major and Minor Phyla;
Lowe: aud Higher Invettebratess

I-12

Groups in Classification;
Modern Classification of Animal Kingdom;
Some Important Taxonomists.

13-29

Contrasc Retween Lower and Highor
Invertebrates;

Invertebrates versus Vertebrates (Comparison);
Phylogeny of Invertebrates;

Major Characteristics of Invertebrates;
Outline Classification of Animals,

SUBKINGDOM
PROTOZOA

13 Euglena vi

Culture of Auglena
Euglena as an Animals

30-40

Other Eugleneid Flagellates
1. uglena, 2. £. gracills, 3. Astasia longo,

4. Peramema trichopkorum
) ‘as
EX frypanosoma gambiense

olemorphic Founs of Trypanosomes:
Folate Imponant Teyrarcsomes. of

Mar and Domestic Animals;

Eh ieistmania donovani
roe 1 Spies of esi Tn a

TB Amoeba proteus
Cate of Amel
Sah Senne of Ano

Hh Enamoeba histolytica
) ‘Amcchic Dysentery or Amcebinsis

(Symptoms, Modes of Transmission,
Diagaosis, Therapy, Prevention):

EX eipniaium crispum (Po

tystomella crispa)

41-49

Sleeping Sickness (Symptoms & Pathogenesis,
Diagnosis, Treatment or Therapy,
Prevention or Prophylasis,

50-56
Kala-Azar or Dumdum Fever:
(Occurrence, Symptoms, Diagnesis,
“Treatment and Prevention).

57-71

Other Species of Amoeba
1. aAmacha verrucasa, 2. A. discatdes,
3A radiosa, 4. A. dubia, 5. A. terrivola

72-18

(Other Entamochae of Mian
1. Entamoeba hastmanné,
2, Batemoeba col, 3. B. gingival

79-83

84-97

Di Prasmodiun vivax : The Malaria Parasite

Comparative Account of 4 Species of
fBuman Infection Plasmodium,

Human Béslarie

(Ealy History, Types of Malaris, Symptoms

‘and Pathogenesis, Duration of Infection,
Relapses and Contro} of Malatia)
‘Anfi-Malaria Campaign in Indi
Contents

{10} Monocystis agilis

Lahorsiory Study of Monocyste
Effects of Parasitism;

Deimeria tenetta

Coceidiosis Pathogenesis,
Diagnosis, Prevention, Treatment).

BE Paramecium caudatum : The Slipper Animalcule

Culture of Paramecium;

Bi vorsicetta : The Bell Animalcule

‘Comparison of Conjugation in Paramecium
‘and Vorticellia,

Dl erotozoa : Characters, Classification and Types

Definition;
Special Features;

General Characters;

Classification;

Other Types of Protozoa :

L. Chlamydomonas, 2. Volvox, 3, Noctiluca,

DB Protozoa : General Account

Concept of Protis
Status of Protez
Proiorea Unicellular or Acellular,
Body Covering and Skeleton;
Nucleus;

Locomotor Organelies and Locomotion;
Nutition;

fix

98-105

Comparison of Monocystis and Plasmodium.

106-110

111-127

Cytoplasmic Particles in Paramecium,

128-136

137-149

A. Ceratium, 5. Trichomonas, 6. Giardia,
7. Arcella, 8. Difflugia, 9. Actinopirys,
10. Radiolarian Ooze, 1. Gregarina,

12, Opatina, 13, Balaaticinm,

14, Myctotherus, 15, Stenmor, 16. Ephelota

150-171
Contractile Vacuoles and Osmoregulation;
Reproduction;
Economie Importance;
Parasitisn,

Protozoa and Human Diseases.