Introduction to Process Control

254 Pages·2018·19.838 MB·English

by  Euan Russano, Elaine Ferreira Avelino

INTRODUCTION TO PROCESS
CONTROL

INTRODUCTION TO PROCESS CONTROL
Euan Russano and Elaine Ferreira Avelino
ARCLER
P r e ss
www.arclerpress.com
Introduction to Process Control
Euan Russano and Elaine Ferreira Avelino
Arcler Press
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e-book Edition 2019
ISBN: 978-1-77361-612-4 (e-book)
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Euan Russano was born in Minas Gerais, Brazil. He is a Chemical Engineer
since 2012 by the Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). He obtained
his Msc. in 2014 at UFRRJ, in the area of Chemical Engineering, with
specializazion in Process Control. In 2014, Russano began to develop his
PhD at the University Duisburg-Essen (UDE) in the field of Water Science.
His carrer was initiated in a Petrobras project in the Polymers Laboratory,
at UFRRJ. From 2012 to 2014 he worked in the Fluids Flow Laboratory
(Petrobras/ UFRRJ) with oil well pressure control. Since 2014 he works
as an research assistant at the University of Duisburg-Essen, with water
systems identification and control.
Elaine Ferreira Avelino was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. She obtained
her Bsc in Forestry Engineering at the Rural University of Rio de Janeiro
(UFRRJ) in 2007 and Msc. in 2012 at UFRRJ, in the area of Forestry and
Environmental Sciences, with specializazion in Wood Technology. She
started her career in the Secretary for Environment of Rio de Janeiro, with
Urban and Environmental Planning. Elaine was a professor of Zoology,
Enthomology, Forestry Parasithology and Introduction to Research at the
Pitagoras University. Since 2013 she works as an international consultant
for forest management and environmental licensing.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Figures ................................................................................................ix
List of Tables ................................................................................................xiii
Common Abbreviations and Terminology .....................................................xv
Preface........................................................................ ...............................xvii
Chapter 1 Concepts on Process Control ....................................................................1
1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................2
1.2. Principles And Terminology ................................................................8
References ...............................................................................................12
Chapter 2 Concepts On Instrumentation To Process Control ..................................13
2.1. Hardware Elements For Process Control ............................................14
2.2. Temperature Measurement ................................................................22
2.3. Pressure Measurement ......................................................................25
2.4. Level Measurement ...........................................................................27
2.5. Flow Measurement ...........................................................................30
References ...............................................................................................35
Chapter 3 Modeling Processes .................................................................................37
3.1. Basic Modeling Approaches ..............................................................38
References ...............................................................................................86
Chapter 4 Process Analysis ......................................................................................87
4.1. Computer Simulation ........................................................................89
4.2. Bifurcation Analysis ..........................................................................93
4.3. Linearization Of Nonlinear Systems ..................................................95
4.4. Laplace Transform ...........................................................................103
4.5. Transfer Function ............................................................................105
4.6. Behavior Of First Order ODE ..........................................................108
References .............................................................................................111
Chapter 5 Feedback Control Systems .....................................................................113
5.1. Introduction To Feedback Control ...................................................114
5.2. Dynamics Of Feedback Controlled Systems ....................................114
5.3. Design And Tuning Of Feedback
Controlled Systems In Time-Domain
And Frequency-Domain ...............................................................121
5.4. Literature Review On Feedback Control Applications .....................125
References .............................................................................................128
Chapter 6 Advanced Control Systems ....................................................................129
6.1. Cascade Control .............................................................................130
6.2. Dead Time Compensation ...............................................................134
6.3. Split-Range Control .........................................................................136
6.4. Feedforward Control .......................................................................138
6.5. Adaptive Control .............................................................................140
6.6. Real-Time Optimization .................................................................142
6.7. Model Predictive Control ................................................................146
References .............................................................................................155
Chapter 7 Applications ..........................................................................................159
7.1. Level Control Of Tank .....................................................................160
7.2. Batch Reactor Control (Modified From Arpornwichanop
et al., 2002) ..................................................................................186
7.3. Reaction Control............. ................................................................200
7.4. Cruise Control Of Ground Vehicle ..................................................218
References .............................................................................................227
Further Reading .....................................................................................229
Index .....................................................................................................231
viii