Table Of Content

Introduction to Marine Engineering This page intentionally left blank Second Edition Introduction to Marine Engineering D. A. Taylor, MSc, BSc, CENG, FIMarE, FRINA Marine Consultant, Harbour Craft Services Ltd, Hong Kong Formerly Senior Lecturer in Marine Technology, Hong Kong Polytechic University BUTTERWORTH HBNEMANN AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford 0X2 80F 200 Wheeler Road, Burlington, MA 01803 First published 1983 Reprinted 1985 Second edition 1990 Reprinted 1992,1993,1994 Revised 19% Reprinted 1998 (twice), 1999,2000 (twice), 2001,2002,2003 © 1996, Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form {including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder's written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier's Science and Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax: (+44) (0) 1865 853333; e-mail: [email protected]. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (http://www.elsevier.com), by selecting 'Customer Support' and then 'Obtaining Permissions'. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Taylor, D A. (David Albeit), 1946- Introduction to marine engineering.-2nd ed. 1. Marine engineering I. Title 623.87 Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Taylor, D. A. Introduction to marine engineering/ D. A. Taylor. - 2nd ed. p. cm. ISBN 07506 2530 9 1. Marine engineering 2. Marine machinery. I. Title VM600.T38S 1990 623,87 dc20 89 71326 ISBN 0 7506 2530 9 For information on all Butterworth-Heinemann publications visit our website at www.bh.com Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, Wiltshire Preface to second edition Progress has been made in many areas of marine engineering since the first edition of this book was published. A greater emphasis is now being placed on the cost-effective operation of ships. This has meant more fuel-efficient engines, less time in port and the need for greater equipment reliability, fewer engineers and more use of automatically operated machinery. The marine engineer is still, however, required to understand the working principles, construction and operation of all the machinery items in a ship. The need for correct and safe operating procedures is as great as ever. There is considerably more legislation which must be understood and complied with, for example in relation to the discharging of oil, sewage and even black smoke from the funnel. Engineers must now be more environmentally aware of the results of their activities and new material is included in this revised edition dealing with exhaust emissions, environmentally friendly refrigerants and fire extinguishants. The aim of this book is to simply explain the operation of all the ship's machinery to an Engineer Cadet or Junior Engineer who is embarking on a career at sea. The emphasis is always upon correct, safe operating procedures and practices at all times. The content has been maintained at a level to cover the syllabuses of the Class 4 and Class 3 Engineer's Certificates of Competency and the first two years of the Engineer Cadet Training Scheme. Additional material is included to cover the Engineering knowledge syllabus of the Master's Certificate. Anyone with an interest in ships' machinery or a professional involvement in the shipping business should find this book informative and useful. D.A. Taylor This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgements I would like to thank the many firms, organisations and individuals who have provided me with assistance and material during the writing of this book. To my many colleagues and friends who have answered numerous queries and added their wealth of experience, I am most grateful. The following firms have contributed various illustrations and information on their products, for which I thank them. Aalborg Vaerft A/S Flakt Ltd (SF Review) AFA Minerva Foster Wheeler Power Products Alfa-Laval Ltd Ltd Angus Fire Armour Ltd Frydenbo Mek. Verksted Asea Brown Boveri Ltd GEC Turbine Generators Ltd, B Sc W Engineering Industrial & Marine Steam Babcock-Bristol Ltd Turbine Division Babcock Power Ltd Glacier Metal Co. Ltd Beaufort Air—Sea Equipment Ltd Grandi Motori Trieste Blohm and Voss AG Graviner Ltd Brown Bros. & Co. Ltd M. W. Grazebook Ltd Caird Sc Rayner Ltd Hall-Thermotank International Cammell Laird Shipbuilders Ltd Chadburn Bloctube Ltd Hall-Thermotank Products Ltd Clarke Chapman Marine Hamworthy Combustion Systems Combustion Engineering Marine Ltd Power Systems Hamworthy Engineering Ltd Comet Marine Pumps Ltd Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Conoflow Europa BV John Hastie of Greenock Ltd Deep Sea Seals Ltd Richard Klinger Ltd Doncasters Moorside Ltd Maag Gearwheel Co. Ltd Donkin & Co. Ltd McGregor Centrex Ltd Doxford Engines Ltd H. Maihak AG Evershed & Vignoles Ltd Mather & Platt (Marine Dept.) Ltd viii Acknowledgements Michell Bearings Ltd Taylor Instrument Ltd Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd Thorn, Lament &: Co. Ltd The Motor Ship Thompson Cochran Boilers Ltd NEI-APE Ltd The Trent Valve Co. Ltd New Sulzer Diesel Ltd Tungsten Batteries Ltd Nife Jungner AB, A/S Yokes Ltd Norsk Elektrisk & Brown Boveri Vulkan Kupplungs-U. Nu-Swift International Ltd Getriebebau B. Hackforth Peabody Holmes Ltd GmbH & Co. KG Pyropress Engineering Co. Ltd Walter Kidde & Co. Ltd Scanpump AB Weir Pumps Ltd SEMT Pielstick The Welin Davit & Engineering Serck Heat Transfer Co. Ltd Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Weser AG International Wilson Elsan Marine International Siebe Gorman & Co. Ltd Ltd Spirax Sarco Ltd Worthington-Simpson Ltd Stone Manganese Marine Ltd Young and Cunningham Ltd Contents 1 Ships and machinery 1 2 Diesel engines 8 3 Steam turbines and gearing 53 4 Boilers 73 5 Feed systems 99 6 Pumps and pumping systems 112 7 Auxiliaries 134 8 Fuel oils, lubricating oils and their treatment 150 9 Refrigeration, air conditioning and ventilation 163 10 Deck machinery and hull equipment 180 11 Shafting and propellers 200 12 Steering gear 211 13 Fire fighting and safety 231 14 Electrical equipment 253 15 Instrumentation and control 279 16 Engineering materials 326 17 Watchkeeping and equipment operation 341 Appendix SI units, engineering terms, power measurement, fuel estimation and engineering drawing 349 Index 365 ix