Table Of Content

INTRODUCTION TO A CAD 2020 UTO Master the complexities of the world’s bestselling 2D and 3D software with Introduction to AutoCAD 2020. Ideally suited to new users, and relevant for both AutoCAD 2020 and AutoCAD 2021, this book will be a useful resource for drawing modules in both vocational and introductory undergraduate courses in engineering and construction. Experienced users will also find the updated images, commands and software information to be essential reading in order to adapt to the latest AutoCAD interface. A comprehensive, step-by-step introduction to the latest release of AutoCAD. Covering all the basic principles and acting as an introduction to 2D drawing, it also contains extensive coverage of all 3D topics, including 3D solid modelling and rendering. ∑ Written by a member of the Autodesk Developer Network. ∑ Hundreds of colour pictures, screenshots and diagrams illustrate every stage of the design process. ∑ Worked examples and exercises provide plenty of practice material to build proficiency with the software. Further education students will find this an invaluable textbook for City & Guilds AutoCAD qualifications as well as the relevant Computer Aided Drawing units of BTEC National Engineering, Higher National Engineering and Construction courses from Edexcel. Students enrolled in Foundation Degree courses containing CAD modules will also find this a very useful reference and learning aid. Bernd S. Palm is an experienced lecturer and examiner. He worked as a program manager, and developed course content for online classes on different CAD software. INTRODUCTION TO A CAD 2020 UTO 2D AND 3D DESIGN BERND S. PALM First published 2020 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2020 Bernd S. Palm The right of Bernd S. Palm to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book ISBN: 978-0-367-41740-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-41739-0 (pbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-81602-5 (ebk) Typeset in Sabon by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire Contents PART A – 2D DESIGN 1. Introducing AutoCAD 2020 3 Aims of this Chapter 3 Opening AutoCAD 2020 3 The Mouse as a Digitizer 8 Setting the Shortcutmenu Variable 8 Palettes 8 Tool Palettes 10 Dialogs 12 Buttons in the Status Bar 14 The AutoCAD Coordinate System 16 Drawing Templates 18 Methods of Showing Entries in the Command Palette 21 The Ribbon 22 The File Tabs 23 Customization of the Quick Access Toolbar 24 Revision Notes 25 2. Calling Tools 27 Aims of this Chapter 27 Methods of Calling Tools 27 Examples of the Methods of Calling Tools 28 Revision Notes 35 Exercises 35 3. Introducing Drawing 37 Aims of this Chapter 37 The Drafting & Annotation Workspace 37 Drawing with the Line Tool 38 Drawing with the Circle Tool 45 The Erase Tool 47 Undo and Redo Tools 49 Drawing with the Polyline Tool 50 Revision Notes 54 Exercises 55 4. Draw Tools and Object Snap 59 Aims of this Chapter 59 Introduction 59 The Arc Tool 60 The Ellipse Tool 62 vi CONTENTS Saving Drawings 63 Snap 66 Object Snaps (Osnaps) 66 Examples of Using Other Draw Tools 70 The Edit Polyline Tool 72 Transparent Commands 74 The Set Variable PELLIPSE 75 Revision Notes 76 Exercises 77 5. Zoom, Pan and Templates 81 Aims of this Chapter 81 Introduction 81 The Pan Tool 83 Drawing Templates 85 Adding Features to the Template 86 Setting Text 86 Setting Dimension Style 87 Setting Layers 91 Saving the Template File 93 Template File to Include Imperial Dimensions 95 Revision Notes 96 Exercises 97 6. The Modify Tools 99 Aims of this Chapter 99 Introduction 99 The Copy Tool 99 The Mirror Tool 102 The Offset Tool 104 The Array Tool 105 The Move Tool 108 The Rotate Tool 109 The Scale Tool 110 The Trim Tool 111 The Stretch Tool 112 The Break Tool 114 The Join Tool 115 The Extend Tool 116 The Fillet and Chamfer Tools 118 Revision Notes 120 Exercises 122 7. Layers and Hatching 125 Aims of this Chapter 125 Layers 125 Hatching 128 Revision Notes 136 Exercises 136 CONTENTS vii 8. Orthographic, Isometric and Centerlines 139 Aims of this Chapter 139 Orthographic Projection 139 Adding Centerlines 144 Isometric Drawing 148 Examples of Isometric Drawings 150 Revision Notes 153 Exercises 153 PART B – 3D BASICS 9. Introducing 3D Modeling 159 Aims of this Chapter 159 Introduction 159 The 3D Basics Workspace 159 Methods of Calling Tools for 3D Modeling 161 The Polysolid Tool 162 2D Outlines Suitable for 3D Models 164 The Extrude Tool 166 The Revolve Tool 169 Examples – Revolve Tool 169 Other Tools from Home/Create 172 The Chamfer and Fillet Tools 175 The Sweep Tool 177 The Loft Tool 178 Revision Notes 180 Exercises 180 10. 3D Models in Viewports 185 Aim of this Chapter 185 The 3D Modeling Workspace 185 Setting up Viewport Systems 186 Revision Notes 193 Exercises 194 11. The Modification of 3D Models 197 Aims of this Chapter 197 Creating 3D Model Libraries 197 Constructing a 3D Model 200 The 3D Array Tool 203 The 3D Mirror Tool 205 The 3D Rotate Tool 207 The Slice Tool 207 Views of 3D Models 210 The ViewCube 211 The Helix Tool 211 3D Surfaces 211 Revision Notes 213 Exercises 213 viii CONTENTS PART C – ANNOTATION AND ORGANIZATION 12. Layout, Dimensions and Text 219 Aims of this Chapter 219 Introduction 219 Layout 219 Page Setup and Plot/Print 223 The Dimension Tools 225 Adding Dimensions Using these Tools 226 Adding Dimensions from the Command Line 229 The DIM Tool 234 Dimension Tolerances 235 Text 237 Symbols Used in Text 239 Checking Spelling 240 Revision Notes 241 Exercises 242 13. Blocks and Inserts 245 Aims of this Chapter 245 Introduction 245 Blocks 245 Inserting Blocks into a Drawing 248 Notes About the DesignCenter Palette 252 The Explode Tool 253 Purge 253 Using the DesignCenter 254 Wblocks 256 Revision Notes 257 Exercises 258 14. Other Types of File Format 259 Aims of this Chapter 259 Object Linking and Embedding 259 DXF (Data Exchange Format) Files 263 Raster Images 264 External References (Xrefs) 267 Dgnimport and Dgnexport 269 Multiple Design Environment (MDE) 271 Revision Notes 272 Exercises 273 15. Sheet Sets 275 Aims of this Chapter 275 Sheet Sets 275 A Sheet Set for 64 Pheasant Drive 276 64 Pheasant Drive DWF 280 Revision Notes 282 Exercises 283 CONTENTS ix PART D – 3D ADVANCED 16. Rendering 287 Aims of this Chapter 287 Setting Up a New 3D Template 287 The Materials Browser Palette 289 Assigning Materials to a Model 290 Modifying an Assigned Material 293 The Render Tools and Dialogs 295 The Lights Tools 295 Setting Rendering Background Colour 297 Free Orbit 307 Producing Hardcopy 307 Saving and Opening 3D Model Drawings 310 Camera 310 Using a Camera 313 Raster Images In Autocad Drawings 318 Revision Notes 322 Exercises 322 17. Building Drawing 325 Aims of this Chapter 325 Building Drawings 325 Floor Layouts 329 3D Models of Buildings 330 Material Assignments and Rendering 337 Revision Notes 340 Exercises 340 18. Three-Dimensional Space 347 Aims of this Chapter 347 3D Space 347 The User Coordinate System (UCS) 348 The Variable UCSFOLLOW 349 The UCS Icon 349 Examples of Changing Planes Using the UCS 350 Saving UCS 354 Constructing 2D Objects in 3D Space 355 The Surfaces Tools 358 The Mesh Tools 361 Revision Notes 362 Exercises 363 19. Editing 3D Solid Models 371 Aims of this Chapter 371 The Solid Editing Tools 371 Examples of More 3D Models 377 Exercises 381

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INTRODUCTION TO A CAD 2020 UTO Master the complexities of the world’s bestselling 2D and 3D software with Introduction to AutoCAD 2020. Ideally suited to new users, and relevant for both AutoCAD 2020 and AutoCAD 2021, this book will be a useful resource for drawing modules in both vocational and introductory undergraduate courses in engineering and construction. Experienced users will also find the updated images, commands and software information to be essential reading in order to adapt to the latest AutoCAD interface. A comprehensive, step-by-step introduction to the latest release of AutoCAD. Covering all the basic principles and acting as an introduction to 2D drawing, it also contains extensive coverage of all 3D topics, including 3D solid modelling and rendering. ∑ Written by a member of the Autodesk Developer Network. ∑ Hundreds of colour pictures, screenshots and diagrams illustrate every stage of the design process. ∑ Worked examples and exercises provide plenty of practice material to build proficiency with the software. Further education students will find this an invaluable textbook for City & Guilds AutoCAD qualifications as well as the relevant Computer Aided Drawing units of BTEC National Engineering, Higher National Engineering and Construction courses from Edexcel. Students enrolled in Foundation Degree courses containing CAD modules will also find this a very useful reference and learning aid. Bernd S. Palm is an experienced lecturer and examiner. He worked as a program manager, and developed course content for online classes on different CAD software. INTRODUCTION TO A CAD 2020 UTO 2D AND 3D DESIGN BERND S. PALM First published 2020 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2020 Bernd S. Palm The right of Bernd S. Palm to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book ISBN: 978-0-367-41740-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-41739-0 (pbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-81602-5 (ebk) Typeset in Sabon by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire Contents PART A – 2D DESIGN 1. Introducing AutoCAD 2020 3 Aims of this Chapter 3 Opening AutoCAD 2020 3 The Mouse as a Digitizer 8 Setting the Shortcutmenu Variable 8 Palettes 8 Tool Palettes 10 Dialogs 12 Buttons in the Status Bar 14 The AutoCAD Coordinate System 16 Drawing Templates 18 Methods of Showing Entries in the Command Palette 21 The Ribbon 22 The File Tabs 23 Customization of the Quick Access Toolbar 24 Revision Notes 25 2. Calling Tools 27 Aims of this Chapter 27 Methods of Calling Tools 27 Examples of the Methods of Calling Tools 28 Revision Notes 35 Exercises 35 3. Introducing Drawing 37 Aims of this Chapter 37 The Drafting & Annotation Workspace 37 Drawing with the Line Tool 38 Drawing with the Circle Tool 45 The Erase Tool 47 Undo and Redo Tools 49 Drawing with the Polyline Tool 50 Revision Notes 54 Exercises 55 4. Draw Tools and Object Snap 59 Aims of this Chapter 59 Introduction 59 The Arc Tool 60 The Ellipse Tool 62 vi CONTENTS Saving Drawings 63 Snap 66 Object Snaps (Osnaps) 66 Examples of Using Other Draw Tools 70 The Edit Polyline Tool 72 Transparent Commands 74 The Set Variable PELLIPSE 75 Revision Notes 76 Exercises 77 5. Zoom, Pan and Templates 81 Aims of this Chapter 81 Introduction 81 The Pan Tool 83 Drawing Templates 85 Adding Features to the Template 86 Setting Text 86 Setting Dimension Style 87 Setting Layers 91 Saving the Template File 93 Template File to Include Imperial Dimensions 95 Revision Notes 96 Exercises 97 6. The Modify Tools 99 Aims of this Chapter 99 Introduction 99 The Copy Tool 99 The Mirror Tool 102 The Offset Tool 104 The Array Tool 105 The Move Tool 108 The Rotate Tool 109 The Scale Tool 110 The Trim Tool 111 The Stretch Tool 112 The Break Tool 114 The Join Tool 115 The Extend Tool 116 The Fillet and Chamfer Tools 118 Revision Notes 120 Exercises 122 7. Layers and Hatching 125 Aims of this Chapter 125 Layers 125 Hatching 128 Revision Notes 136 Exercises 136 CONTENTS vii 8. Orthographic, Isometric and Centerlines 139 Aims of this Chapter 139 Orthographic Projection 139 Adding Centerlines 144 Isometric Drawing 148 Examples of Isometric Drawings 150 Revision Notes 153 Exercises 153 PART B – 3D BASICS 9. Introducing 3D Modeling 159 Aims of this Chapter 159 Introduction 159 The 3D Basics Workspace 159 Methods of Calling Tools for 3D Modeling 161 The Polysolid Tool 162 2D Outlines Suitable for 3D Models 164 The Extrude Tool 166 The Revolve Tool 169 Examples – Revolve Tool 169 Other Tools from Home/Create 172 The Chamfer and Fillet Tools 175 The Sweep Tool 177 The Loft Tool 178 Revision Notes 180 Exercises 180 10. 3D Models in Viewports 185 Aim of this Chapter 185 The 3D Modeling Workspace 185 Setting up Viewport Systems 186 Revision Notes 193 Exercises 194 11. The Modification of 3D Models 197 Aims of this Chapter 197 Creating 3D Model Libraries 197 Constructing a 3D Model 200 The 3D Array Tool 203 The 3D Mirror Tool 205 The 3D Rotate Tool 207 The Slice Tool 207 Views of 3D Models 210 The ViewCube 211 The Helix Tool 211 3D Surfaces 211 Revision Notes 213 Exercises 213 viii CONTENTS PART C – ANNOTATION AND ORGANIZATION 12. Layout, Dimensions and Text 219 Aims of this Chapter 219 Introduction 219 Layout 219 Page Setup and Plot/Print 223 The Dimension Tools 225 Adding Dimensions Using these Tools 226 Adding Dimensions from the Command Line 229 The DIM Tool 234 Dimension Tolerances 235 Text 237 Symbols Used in Text 239 Checking Spelling 240 Revision Notes 241 Exercises 242 13. Blocks and Inserts 245 Aims of this Chapter 245 Introduction 245 Blocks 245 Inserting Blocks into a Drawing 248 Notes About the DesignCenter Palette 252 The Explode Tool 253 Purge 253 Using the DesignCenter 254 Wblocks 256 Revision Notes 257 Exercises 258 14. Other Types of File Format 259 Aims of this Chapter 259 Object Linking and Embedding 259 DXF (Data Exchange Format) Files 263 Raster Images 264 External References (Xrefs) 267 Dgnimport and Dgnexport 269 Multiple Design Environment (MDE) 271 Revision Notes 272 Exercises 273 15. Sheet Sets 275 Aims of this Chapter 275 Sheet Sets 275 A Sheet Set for 64 Pheasant Drive 276 64 Pheasant Drive DWF 280 Revision Notes 282 Exercises 283 CONTENTS ix PART D – 3D ADVANCED 16. Rendering 287 Aims of this Chapter 287 Setting Up a New 3D Template 287 The Materials Browser Palette 289 Assigning Materials to a Model 290 Modifying an Assigned Material 293 The Render Tools and Dialogs 295 The Lights Tools 295 Setting Rendering Background Colour 297 Free Orbit 307 Producing Hardcopy 307 Saving and Opening 3D Model Drawings 310 Camera 310 Using a Camera 313 Raster Images In Autocad Drawings 318 Revision Notes 322 Exercises 322 17. Building Drawing 325 Aims of this Chapter 325 Building Drawings 325 Floor Layouts 329 3D Models of Buildings 330 Material Assignments and Rendering 337 Revision Notes 340 Exercises 340 18. Three-Dimensional Space 347 Aims of this Chapter 347 3D Space 347 The User Coordinate System (UCS) 348 The Variable UCSFOLLOW 349 The UCS Icon 349 Examples of Changing Planes Using the UCS 350 Saving UCS 354 Constructing 2D Objects in 3D Space 355 The Surfaces Tools 358 The Mesh Tools 361 Revision Notes 362 Exercises 363 19. Editing 3D Solid Models 371 Aims of this Chapter 371 The Solid Editing Tools 371 Examples of More 3D Models 377 Exercises 381

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