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Introduction to Aerospace Engineering with a Flight Test Perspective PDF

928 Pages·2017·31.07 MB·English
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(cid:2) INTRODUCTION TO AEROSPACE ENGINEERING WITH A FLIGHT TEST PERSPECTIVE (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) AerospaceSeries AdaptiveAeroservoelasticControl Tewari March2016 TheoryandPracticeofAircraftPerformance Kundu,PriceandRiordan November2015 TheGlobalAirlineIndustry,SecondEdition Belobaba,OdoniandBarnhart July2015 ModelingtheEffectofDamageinCompositeStructures: Kassapoglou March2015 SimplifiedApproaches IntroductiontoAircraftAeroelasticityandLoads,2ndEdition WrightandCooper December2014 AircraftAerodynamicDesign:GeometryandOptimization SóbesterandForrester October2014 TheoreticalandComputationalAerodynamics Sengupta September2014 AerospacePropulsion Lee October2013 AircraftFlightDynamicsandControl Durham August2013 CivilAvionicsSystems,2ndEdition Moir,SeabridgeandJukes August2013 ModellingandManagingAirportPerformance Zografos,AndreattaandOdoni July2013 AdvancedAircraftDesign:ConceptualDesign,Analysisand Torenbeek June2013 OptimizationofSubsonicCivilAirplanes DesignandAnalysisofCompositeStructures:With Kassapoglou April2013 ApplicationstoAerospaceStructures,2ndEdition AircraftSystemsIntegrationofAir-LaunchedWeapons Rigby April2013 DesignandDevelopmentofAircraftSystems,2ndEdition MoirandSeabridge November2012 UnderstandingAerodynamics:ArguingfromtheRealPhysics McLean November2012 AircraftDesign:ASystemsEngineeringApproach Sadraey October2012 IntroductiontoUAVSystems4e FahlstromandGleason August2012 TheoryofLift:IntroductoryComputationalAerodynamicswith McBain August2012 MATLABandOctave SenseandAvoidinUAS:ResearchandApplications Angelov April2012 MorphingAerospaceVehiclesandStructures Valasek April2012 GasTurbinePropulsionSystems MacIsaacandLangton July2011 (cid:2) BasicHelicopterAerodynamics,3rdEdition SeddonandNewman July2011 (cid:2) AdvancedControlofAircraft,SpacecraftandRockets Tewari July2011 CooperativePathPlanningofUnmannedAerialVehicles Tsourdosetal November2010 PrinciplesofFlightforPilots Swatton October2010 AirTravelandHealth:ASystemsPerspective Seabridgeetal September2010 DesignandAnalysisofCompositeStructures:With Kassapoglou September2010 applicationstoaerospaceStructures UnmannedAircraftSystems:UAVSDesign,Developmentand April2010 DeploymentAustin IntroductiontoAntennaPlacement&Installations Macnamara April2010 PrinciplesofFlightSimulation Allerton October2009 AircraftFuelSystems Langtonetal May2009 TheGlobalAirlineIndustry Belobaba April2009 ComputationalModellingandSimulationofAircraftandthe Diston April2009 Environment:Volume1-PlatformKinematicsandSynthetic Environment HandbookofSpaceTechnology Ley,WittmannHallmann April2009 AircraftPerformanceTheoryandPracticeforPilots Swatton August2008 AircraftSystems,3rdEdition Moir&Seabridge March2008 IntroductiontoAircraftAeroelasticityAndLoads Wright&Cooper December2007 StabilityandControlofAircraftSystems Langton September2006 MilitaryAvionicsSystems Moir&Seabridge February2006 DesignandDevelopmentofAircraftSystems Moir&Seabridge June2004 AircraftLoadingandStructuralLayout Howe May2004 AircraftDisplaySystems Jukes December2003 CivilAvionicsSystems Moir&Seabridge December2002 (cid:2) (cid:2) INTRODUCTION TO AEROSPACE ENGINEERING WITH A FLIGHT TEST PERSPECTIVE StephenCorda (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) Thiseditionfirstpublished2017 ©2017JohnWiley&SonsLtd Registeredoffice JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UnitedKingdom Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,forcustomerservicesandforinformationabouthowtoapplyforpermissionto reusethecopyrightmaterialinthisbookpleaseseeourwebsiteatwww.wiley.com. TherightoftheauthortobeidentifiedastheauthorofthisworkhasbeenassertedinaccordancewiththeCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyform orbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise,exceptaspermittedbytheUKCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisher. Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynotbeavailable inelectronicbooks. Designationsusedbycompaniestodistinguishtheirproductsareoftenclaimedastrademarks.Allbrandnamesand productnamesusedinthisbookaretradenames,servicemarks,trademarksorregisteredtrademarksoftheirrespective owners.Thepublisherisnotassociatedwithanyproductorvendormentionedinthisbook LimitofLiability/DisclaimerofWarranty:Whilethepublisherandauthorhaveusedtheirbesteffortsinpreparingthis book,theymakenorepresentationsorwarrantieswithrespecttotheaccuracyorcompletenessofthecontentsofthisbook andspecificallydisclaimanyimpliedwarrantiesofmerchantabilityorfitnessforaparticularpurpose.Itissoldonthe understandingthatthepublisherisnotengagedinrenderingprofessionalservicesandneitherthepublishernortheauthor shallbeliablefordamagesarisingherefrom.Ifprofessionaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,theservicesofa competentprofessionalshouldbesought. Allinformation,specifications,data,andothercharacteristicsofspecificaircraftpresentedinthetextareforeducational andillustrativepurposesonly.Theinformation,specifications,data,andothercharacteristicspresentedordiscussedmay (cid:2) notberepresentativeoftheactualaircraftorvehicleasapprovedbythemanufacturer,theU.S.Government,orother (cid:2) appropriatesanctioningorganization.Referencetospecificaircraftorvehiclesdoesnotimplyanytechnical,marketing, orotheropinionconcerningtheseaircraftorvehicles. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Corda,Stephen,1958-author. Title:Introductiontoaerospaceengineeringwithaflighttestperspective/ StephenCorda. Description:Chichester,WestSussex,UnitedKingdom:JohnWiley&Sons, Inc.,2017.|Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2016039084|ISBN9781118953365(cloth)|ISBN9781118953372 (epub)|ISBN9781118953389(AdobePDF) Subjects:LCSH:Aerospaceengineering–Textbooks.|Airplanes–Flight testing–Textbooks. Classification:LCCTL546.C69152017|DDC629.1–dc23LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2016039084 AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. Coverimage:Jupiterimages/Gettyimages Setin10/12pt,TimesLTStdbySPiGlobal,Chennai,India. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (cid:2) (cid:2) To Glenn, Gerard, and Marta. “Blue skies and tailwinds.” (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) Table of Contents AbouttheAuthor xv SeriesPreface xvii Preface xix AbouttheCompanionwebsite xxi 1 FirstFlights 1 1.1 Introduction 2 1.1.1 OrganizationoftheBook 3 1.1.2 FTT:YourFamiliarizationFlight 4 (cid:2) (cid:2) 1.2 Aircraft 12 1.2.1 ClassificationofAircraft 12 1.2.2 TheAirplane 13 1.2.3 Rotorcraft:theHelicopter 26 1.2.4 Lighter-Than-AirAircraft:BalloonandAirship 35 1.2.5 TheUnmannedAerialVehicle 43 1.3 Spacecraft 45 1.3.1 ClassificationofSpacecraft 46 1.3.2 PartsofaSpacecraft 52 1.3.3 UnmannedSpacecraft 57 1.3.4 MannedSpacecraft 69 1.3.5 SpaceAccessSystemsandVehicles 77 References 96 2 IntroductoryConcepts 98 2.1 Introduction 98 2.2 IntroductoryMathematicalConcepts 99 2.2.1 UnitsandUnitSystems 99 2.2.2 MeasurementandNumericalUncertainty 107 2.2.3 ScalarsandVectors 113 2.3 IntroductoryAerospaceEngineeringConcepts 114 2.3.1 AircraftBodyAxes 115 2.3.2 Angle-of-AttackandAngle-of-Sideslip 116 (cid:2) (cid:2) viii TableofContents 2.3.3 AircraftStabilityAxes 118 2.3.4 AircraftLocationNumberingSystem 119 2.3.5 TheFree-BodyDiagramandtheFourForces 120 2.3.6 FTT:theTrimShot 125 2.3.7 MachNumberandtheRegimesofFlight 129 2.3.8 TheFlightEnvelope 132 2.3.9 TheV-nDiagram 144 2.3.10 AircraftWeightandBalance 150 2.3.11 AerospaceVehicleDesignationsandNaming 157 2.4 IntroductoryFlightTestConcepts 161 2.4.1 WhatisaFlightTest? 161 2.4.2 TheFlightTestProcess 165 2.4.3 FlightTestTechniques 169 2.4.4 RolesofTestPilot,FlightTestEngineer,andFlightTestAnalyst 173 2.4.5 FlightTestSafetyandRiskAssessment 174 References 177 Problems 178 3 Aerodynamics 181 3.1 Introduction 182 3.2 FundamentalPhysicalPropertiesofaFluid 183 3.2.1 TheFluidElement 183 3.2.2 ThermodynamicPropertiesofaFluid 184 3.2.3 KinematicPropertiesofaFlow 186 (cid:2) (cid:2) 3.2.4 Streamlines,Pathlines,andFlowVisualization 187 3.2.5 FTT:In-FlightFlowVisualization 188 3.2.6 TransportPropertiesofaFluid 192 3.3 TypesofAerodynamicFlows 195 3.3.1 ContinuumandNon-ContinuumFlows 195 3.3.2 SteadyandUnsteadyFlows 196 3.3.3 IncompressibleandCompressibleFlows 197 3.3.4 InviscidandViscousFlows 198 3.4 SimilarityParameters 201 3.4.1 MachNumber 202 3.4.2 ReynoldsNumber 203 3.4.3 PressureCoefficient 205 3.4.4 ForceandMomentCoefficients 205 3.4.5 RatioofSpecificHeats 206 3.4.6 PrandtlNumber 206 3.4.7 OtherSimilarityParameters 206 3.4.8 SummaryofSimilarityParameters 212 3.5 ABriefReviewofThermodynamics 213 3.5.1 ThermodynamicSystemandState 213 3.5.2 ConnectingtheThermodynamicState:TheEquationofState 215 3.5.3 AdditionalThermodynamicProperties:InternalEnergy,Enthalpy, andEntropy 223 3.5.4 WorkandHeat 224 3.5.5 TheLawsofThermodynamics 229 (cid:2)

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Introduction to Aerospace Engineering with a Flight Test Perspective Stephen Corda, formerly of the NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center, USA     Comprehensive textbook which introduces the fundamentals of aerospace engineering with a flight test perspective   Introduction to Aerospace Engineeri
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