Introduction to 64 Bit Intel Assembly Language Programming for Linux

256 Pages·2011·4.891 MB·

by  Ray Seyfarth

Introducttoi6 o4n
BitI ntAesls embly
LanguagPer ogramming
foLri nux

Introdutco6t 4Bi ioItnn tAesls emLbalnyg uage
ProgramfmoiLrni gn ux
RayS eyfarth
Octob2e7r, 2 011
RayS eytfha r
SchoofoC lo mputing
UniveorfSs oiuttyhM eisrsni ssippi
HattieMsSb3 u9r4g0,6
USA
SefyatrhR,a y
Introdtuo6c 4Bt iiIotnn tA esls emLbalnyg uPargoeg ramming
Includes index.
ISB-N19387:1- 646040733
ISB-0N1:1 466470038
@2011Ra yS eayrfth
Alrli grhetssee drT.vh iwso rmka y bneot trn aslaotrce odp iinew dh ole
ori n pwairttht ohuwetr itpteernm iosfts hieo nc ohpoylrdieegxrhc,te pt
fobrr ieexfc eirncp otnsn ewcittirhoe nv ioersw csh olaanrallyy ses.
Preface
TheI ntCePlUa rchitheacestv uorloevv ee3drd ecafdoremsa 1 6b it
CPUw itnhom emoprryo tetchtriooaunp g,eh r wiiotd3h 2 pbriotc essors
witsho phisatricchaitteiednc ttthocue ur rersse enrotifp e rso cessors which
suppotrhtoe l madol dle so peorfa itnai dodni ttoaig orne aetxlpya nded
64b imto deo poefr aAtsisoenmt.be lxyt btoeontkdofsc o ust hoheni story
angde necraolnlcwyli utaddh ei scuosnts hi3eo2b n im to dSet.u daernet s
introtdou ccteohdne c oef1p 6tbsi C tP Uwsi tshe gmreengti asltleorwsi ng
accteos1 s megaobfy tienm teemronrTayhl.i i ssa n u nnecefscosuasr y
ont hpea .s t
Witthh xe8 6-a6r4c hitectiusar lem oasct tho emrpeld eetpea rture
formt hpea st. Sreeggmiaesrnteetes rsse notbisaolallneymdt o er ree g­
istuesrai gsce o mplgeetneelpryua rlp woisteth,h g el areixncge potfi on
three psetartli-onogwp hsi ucshse p ecriefigci asnthdea rvnseo o perands.
Botthh ecshea ncgoenst rtiosb iumtpeal sesre mlbalnyg upargoeg ram­
mmg.
Thearrene o w1 6g enepruarlp ionsteer geegri wsittehrf sesw ap e­
cialiinzsetdnr .su Tchteia orchaic straeocgftki h s8et0 e8hr7a bse en
superbsyea dw eedl l-ormgoadnpeirlzo evdi1 d6fli onagt pionigrn etg is­
tewristt hhfl eo atpioniignn ts trufrcot thiSeoS naEsn A dV X exntseions.
Inf atchtA eVX extenesvieaonln lsao t wh roepee rsaynndtw ahxic cahn
simipfclyo dienvegmn o re.
Overtahlxel8 6-a6s4s emlbalnyg upargoeg ramimssii nmgpt lahenr
itpsr edecTehsdeso omrinsnt.ma odoefo perawtiibloeln b 6i4wt ist hin
af eswh oyrertas T.o getthehesterr ends iniditits ci amtteote e atchha t
64b iats semlbalnyg uage.
Thfeco uisnt his tieosxn et abrohloaykn dsu-sooef6n 4b iats sembly
prograrnTmhmegir.nse o 1 6o r3 2b iptr ograamnmtdih ndegi scussion
Ill
PREAFCE
IV
oft hhei stofcoruys eids on tehxoepr lioagftii hnnoei l rndeg g insatmeers
antdh fee nwo n-ortfheouagrtoeonsfta hlie n strsuectt.i on
Thien teintstogi e ostnt udiennvtoswl ivtuehsd i tnhge assembler
yasm
antdh ged dbe bugfogrmet rh set aTrhte.ar reae s signumseinntgs the
compufotrmet rh vee rfiyr scth aeprNt.o etv esratyt emweinbltelf l uly
underasttt ohotidis m beu,tt h aes signamrseetn ptiosls ls ible.
Thper miary tfaotrrhg bieosto i kbs e ginansisnegml balnyg upargoe­
grammaenrfdsro gae nitnlter odtuoac stsieompnbr loyg ramsmtiun­g,
densthso usltduc dhya p1te2,r, s 3,7 ,8 5,9, ,1 06 ,a1 n1Cd.h ap4t er
onm emomrayp piinsngo c tr ittiotc harele osftt hbeo oakn cda bne
skipipdfee ds ired.
Chapt1e2tr hsr o1u5gah rs ei gnnitfilmcyoa red eihpn.t C hapter
15i sa boduatt sat ructausrseesma bnilidnys a n e xcelalduejnncttto
styuidndga tsat ruecsit nCu /Cr++T.h es ubjweicbltelm ucchl earer
afetr expionas susreeml balnyg. u age
The fifuonrac lh apftcoeurossn h igpheo rrfmapnrcoeg ramming, in­
cluddiinsgc uosfSs SiaEon nAd V Xp rogramming.
Thaeu thporro vPiDdFes sl ifdoecrsl a ssirnosotmr aulcotnigo nw ith
sampcloeda en edr raatth at t/pr:a/y rsetcyhof.ma/asm.
Ifyo fiun d eirntr hobero so okrh avseu ggesftoiirmo pnvrseo me,n t
pleeamsaeti hlae u thaosrr as [email protected].
Thanykofu o bru yitnhge abnoIdoh ko pyeo fiun sdo metihnitnegr ­
estainnwdgo hrwthiilnes ide.
Acknowl edgernents
Nob ooikcs r eaitnie sdo laTthiiosn .bc oeorkt naioies nx lciyeo pInta .m
indebttone udm ersoouusrf croei sno frmatainoadns siswtiattnhhc ies
book.
Dr. PaulP CaC sasretmlebarln'ygsb u oaogweka u ss ebdyt haiust hor
tos tyu3 d2b iats semlbalnyg puargoeg ramHmibison ogik.as f ereP DF
fildeo nwloadfoarmbh liwese sbi te.i as1 T 9hp5ia sg e wbhoiocckohe v rs
thbea soifac sss emlbalnyg uaangidesa g resattaa rt3t 2b iats sembly
langg.eu a
Whiwloer koinn gt bhoioIsk ,d iscoverbeydD rasB .r tyraenatt ise
andO H'allaorfCo arnn eMgieel laobno huotw g eteka easd vanotfa ge
thfeae tuorfet shx e8 6-a6r4c hitteopc rtoudreueffic cei ceondtSe o.m e
oft heoibrs ervhaatvhieeo lnpmsee ud n derstthCaePn Udb etwtheirc h
assiwsittwshr itbientgt er caosdsPeer.mo bglrya mimnetresri ens ted
efficiesnhcoyus ltdut dhyew iorr k.
If uontdh e mIanntuetalol sb ien vuaaanlb rlees ourcper.o vTihdeey
detaoina lltslh i en struocftt hiCeoP nUUs.n o frtuntahtdeeo lcyu ments
cov3e2br i atn 6d4 b iitn strutcotgieowtnhhsie acrlh o,wn igtt hhh eu ge
numboefir n strumcatkiieodtsni sffi,ct uoll etaa rsns empbrloyg ramming
frotmh emsaen uaIlh so.pt eh arte adtihnbigos o k mwaikaleg l o od
starptoii,nbn gut ats hobrotoc ka nncootvm earn iyn struIch taivoen s.
selewchtaetcd o nIs tihdee rim mopsaotn rittn strufcogtrei noeunrssae l,
but aasns empbrloyg rawmimnleelre t dos tudy tmhaen uI(aonlrts e l
equailvemnatn ufarlosAm M D).
It hamnykf irenMdasg gaineTd i mH amptfootnrh eir ceodni­ting
tributtoi obtnohsoe k .
Ia m indteomb ytC eSdC 2 0-3A ssemLbalnyg ucalgaaest s the
UniveorfSs oiutty hMeirsns ifsrost ihpecpioirn tritbout thibioosno sk .
v
ACKNOWLEGDEMENTS
Vl
Teachi6n4bg i ats semlbalnyg uhaagusen covaef reemwdi askteasn d
erriontr hsoe r igCirneaaSltpa ecb eo ofkor mJ ul2y01 1.In p artiIc ular
wisthot haCnhkr Girse eEnveaS,nt uaanrBdtra ndWoonl ffeol ro cating
erriontr hsbe o ok.
Lastth ank mPyh ywlialfnieds, ,s m oynD sav,i adn Add amf,o r
I
theeinrc oguermaeanntad s sistPahnyclaeln.iAd s d aamr ree sponsible
fotrh ceo vdeers fiogrn boatnhtd h tCehr iesaS tpeab coeo k.
Contents
Preface iii
Acknowledgements v
1 Introduction 1
1.W1h ys tuadsys emlbalnyg uage? 2
12. Whaitas c ompu.t er.? . 4
12..1B yte.s. . .. . . 4
12..2P rogerxaemc ution 4
13. Maclhainngeu. a.g.e. 5
14. Assemlbalnyg u.a..g e 6
1.A5s sembalnlidin ngk ing 8
2 Numbers 11
2.1Bi nanruym bers . 11
2.2H exadencuimmbaelr s 13
2.3I nteg.e.rs. .. . . . 16
2.3B.i1rn ya ad.d ition 18
2.3B.i2n amruyl tiplication 19
2.4F loaptoiinnngut m be.rs. . 20
2.4C.o1n vedretciinmg al tnoflu omabtesr s 23
2.4C.o2n veflrotaittnodgs e cli ma. 24
2.4F.l3o aptoiinangdt d iti.o n . 24
.
2.4F.l4o aptoiinmngut l tiplication 25
3 Computerm emory 27
3.M1e momrayp pi.n g 27
Vll
CONTENTS
Vlll
3.2Pr ocmeesmso mroyd ienLl i nux 28
3.3Me moerxya mp.l.e . .. . . 30
3.4E xamimneimnogwr iytg hd b 32
3.14 P.rinwtiitgnhdg b 32
3.4E.x2a mimneimnogr y 34
4 Memory mappingi n6 4 bitm ode 37
4.1Th mee momrayp prienggi ster 37
.
4.2P agMea pL ev4e l. . . . . . . 38
4.3P agDei recPtooirnTyta ebrl e 39
4.4P agDei recTtaobr.l ye 39
4.5P agTeal be. . . . . . . . . 3.9
4.6L arpgaeg .e s . . . . . . . . 4.0
4. C7P US uppfoorFrta sLto okups 40
5 Registers 43
5.1Mo vianc go nasnittn atr oe gi.s te.r . . . 4.5
5.2M ovivnagl fuoremsm emoirnyrt eog is.t ers 46
5.3M ovivnaugle fsor ma r egiisntmteeorm ory 49
5.4Mo vidnagtf ar oomn ree gitsoat neort her 49
6 A littbliet o fm ath 51
6.1Ne gat.i.on 51
6.2A ddit.io.n 52
. .
6.3S ubtract.i on 54
.
6.4M ultiplication 55
.
6.5D ivis.i.on. . 57
6.6C onditmioovinena slt ru.c tions 57
6.7Wh ym ovteoa r egis.t.er.?. 58
7 Bito perations 61
71. Nootp era.t ion 61
7.2A ndo peration 62
7.3O ro peration 63
7.4E xcluosroi pveer ation 64
7.5S htio fpetriao.n s. . . 65
7.6B itte stainsndeg t ting 67
77. Extraacntfidil nlgi nfige la.d bit 68