Interventional Endoscopic Ultrasound

203 Pages·2019·13.88 MB·English

by  Douglas G. Adler

Interventional
Endoscopic Ultrasound
Douglas G. Adler
Editor
1 23
Interventional Endoscopic Ultrasound
Douglas G. Adler
Editor
Interventional
Endoscopic Ultrasound
Editor
Douglas G. Adler
Department of Internal Medicine
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
University of Utah School of Medicine
Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Additional material to this book can be downloaded from
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-97376-0.
ISBN 978-3-319-97375-3 ISBN 978-3-319-97376-0 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97376-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018956728
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or
part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way,
and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software,
or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are
exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in
this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor
the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material
contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains
neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
For Harriet and Stanley & Karen and Joel
Preface
Technology progresses at an uneven rate. Since I first started performing
endoscopy almost 20 years ago, some procedures have remained fairly static,
while others have changed dramatically. ERCP, the first therapeutic proce-
dure I ever fell in love with, despite significant advances in endoscopes, cath-
eters, and wires, is still very similar today, i.e., we still use catheters and wires
to access the biliary tree and pancreatic ducts, we still perform sphincterot-
omy much the way we did back then, and we still use largely the same tools
(balloons and baskets) to remove stones. While much of the practice of ERCP
has changed, including which patients we select for ERCP, how we perform
the ERCP, and what steps we take to prevent pancreatitis, much of the
mechanics of ERCP today would look very familiar to someone who per-
formed the procedure in the 1980s.
The evolving practice of EUS, however, represents quite a different story.
EUS has undergone what can only be considered a radical transformation
over the past few years. From its inception and widespread dissemination in
the early 1990s until just a few years ago, EUS was comprised almost entirely
of a set of diagnostic procedures, with the vast majority of examinations
being used to look at and sample lesions or organs of concern. The idea of
EUS being used for therapeutic interventions was slow in coming. Concerns
about the mechanical limitations of echoendoscopes, fear of adverse events,
and a lack of commercially available accessories to perform these maneuvers
significantly hampered progress and development.
Only in the last few years has the idea of using EUS to perform interven-
tional procedures been embraced on a wide scale, and the pace of develop-
ment has been rapid. Centers around the globe are now actively working to
both develop new procedures and devices and to modify old procedures here-
tofore performed by surgeons or interventional radiologists to be performed
by interventional endosonographers.
While much of interventional EUS is still performed with ERCP accessories
in an off-label manner, the development and introduction of lumen- apposing
metal stents (LAMS) that are supplied on catheters specifically designed to be
used with echoendoscopes represents the first true interventional EUS accessory
that was not simply a modified needle. LAMS have seen a rapid and widespread
dissemination into clinical practice. Although intended for, and widely used, to
drain pancreatic fluid collections, the development of LAMS has also led to the
development of a plethora of interventional EUS procedures including transmu-
ral gallbladder drainage, gastrojejunostomy creation, conduit creation in patients
vii
viii Preface
who have undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass to facilitate ERCP, and a host of
other procedures.
Beyond LAMS and their applications, interventional EUS has shown the
power of using needle-based technologies to do more than sample tissue or
fluid from target lesions. Modified needle devices can be used to measure
portal pressures, deliver therapeutic agents to treat solid and cystic tumors,
implant fiducials to facilitate targeted radiation therapy, and deliver analgesic
medications to treat benign and malignant conditions.
The time seems ripe for a single, comprehensive text on interventional
EUS and its myriad applications. This book contains 17 chapters that cover
the entire depth and breadth of interventional EUS, both with regard to how
it is currently practiced and with an eye toward future areas of investigation
and development. Each chapter is lavishly illustrated with endoscopic and
ultrasonographic images. In addition, each chapter is also accompanied by
one or more narrated video segments to allow readers to see how these proce-
dures are performed in real time by experts in the field.
I perform interventional EUS procedures of all manner in my daily thera-
peutic endoscopy practice and truly enjoy the work. It is my hope that readers
use the knowledge contained in this text to expand the range of therapeutic
and interventional EUS procedures that they feel comfortable adding to their
daily practice. In addition, I hope that readers will someday contribute to the
growing body of knowledge on these topics to promote the care of our patients
and the development of interventional EUS as a whole in the years to come.
Salt Lake City, UT, USA Douglas G. Adler
Contents
1 Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Drainage of Pancreatic
Fluid Collections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Jeffrey S. Bank and Douglas G. Adler
2 Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Bile Duct Access
and Drainage: Antegrade Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Nan Ge and Siyu Sun
3 Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage:
Retrograde Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Constantine Melitas and Douglas G. Adler
4 EUS-Guided Gallbladder Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Sunil Amin and Amrita Sethi
5 Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Pancreatic Duct
Drainage (EUS-PD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Shawn L. Shah and Amy Tyberg
6 EUS-Guided Treatment of Gastrointestinal Bleeding . . . . . . . . 55
Larissa L. Fujii-Lau, Louis M. Wong Kee Song,
and Michael J. Levy
7 EUS-Guided Celiac Plexus Block and Celiac
Plexus Neurolysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Truptesh H. Kothari, Shivangi Kothari, and Vivek Kaul
8 EUS-Guided Core Biopsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Ali Siddiqui
9 Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Liver Biopsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
David L. Diehl
10 EUS-Guided Fiducial Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Aamir N. Dam and Jason B. Klapman
11 EUS-Guided Therapies for Solid Pancreatic Tumors
Including Drug Delivery and Brachytherapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Gursimran Singh Kochhar and Michael Wallace
ix
x Contents
12 E US-Guided Enhanced Imaging and Sampling
of Neoplastic Pancreatic Cysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Shivangi Kothari, Enqiang Linghu, Truptesh H. Kothari,
and Vivek Kaul
13 E US-Guided Pancreatic Cyst Ablation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Kristopher Philogene and William R. Brugge
14 E ndoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Access to the Stomach
in Patients with Prior Gastric Bypass to Facilitate Endoscopic
Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Christine Boumitri, Bhupinder Romana, and Michel Kahaleh
15 E ndoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Gastroenterostomy
(EUS-GE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Steven P. Shamah and Uzma D. Siddiqui
16 E ndoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Portal Pressure
Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Jason B. Samarasena, Allen R. Yu, and Kenneth J. Chang
17 E ndoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Drainage of Pelvic,
Intra- abdominal, and Mediastinal Abscesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Enad Dawod and Jose M. Nieto
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Contributors
Douglas  G.  Adler Department of Internal Medicine, Division of
Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Utah School of Medicine,
Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Sunil Amin Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Virginia Mason
Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
Jeffrey  S.  Bank Department of Internal Medicine, Division of
Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Utah School of Medicine,
Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Christine  Boumitri Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
William R. Brugge Department of Gastroenterology, Mt. Auburn Hospital,
Cambridge, MA, USA
Kenneth  J.  Chang Department of Gastroenterology, H.  H. Chao
Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, University of California, Irvine
Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA
Aamir N. Dam Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer
Center, Tampa, FL, USA
Enad  Dawod Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill
Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
David L. Diehl Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton,
PA, USA
Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Geisinger Medical Center,
Danville, PA, USA
Larissa L. Fujii-Lau Division of Gastroenterology, Queens Medical Center,
Honolulu, HI, USA
University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
Nan Ge Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,
Shenyang, Liaoning, China
xi