Interurban Knowledge Exchange in Southern and Eastern Europe, 1870–1950 (Routledge Advances in Urban History)

331 Pages·2020·5.67 MB·English

by  Eszter Gantner (editor), Heidi Hein-Kircher (editor), Oliver Hochadel (editor)

Interurban Knowledge Exchange
in Southern and Eastern Europe,
1870–1950
Around 1900, cities in Southern and Eastern Europe were persistently
labeled “backward” and “delayed.” Allegedly, they had no alternative
but to follow the role model of the metropolises, of London, Paris or
Vienna. This edited volume fundamentally questions this assumption.
It shows that cities as diverse as Barcelona, Berdyansk, Budapest, Lviv,
Milan, Moscow, Prague, Warsaw and Zagreb pursued their own agendas
of modernization. In order to solve their pressing problems with respect
to urban planning and public health, they searched for best practices
abroad. The solutions they gleaned from other cities were eclectic to fit the
specific needs of a given urban space and were thus often innovative. This
applied urban knowledge was generated through interurban networks
and multi-directional exchanges. Yet in the period around 1900, this
transnational municipalism often clashed with the forging of urban and
national identities, highlighting the tensions between the universal and
the local.
This interurban perspective helps to overcome nationalist perspectives
in historiography as well as outdated notions of “center and periphery.”
This volume will appeal to scholars from a large number of disciplines,
including urban historians, historians of Eastern and Southern Europe,
historians of science and medicine, and scholars interested in transnational
connections.
Eszter Gantner (1971–2019) was a research fellow at the Herder Institute
for Historical Research on East Central Europe from 2013 through 2019.
Heidi Hein-Kircher is head of the department “academic forum” at
the Herder Institute for Historical Research on East Central Europe in
Marburg, Germany.
Oliver Hochadel is a historian of science and a tenured researcher at the
Institución Milá y Fontanals de Investigación en Humanidades (CSIC,
Barcelona).
Routledge Advances in Urban History
Series Editors: Bert De Munck
(Centre for Urban History, University of Antwerp)
Simon Gunn
(Centre for Urban History, University of Leicester)
This series showcases original and exciting new work in urban history.
It publishes books that challenge existing assumptions about the history
of cities, apply new theoretical frames to the urban past, and open up
new avenues of historical enquiry. The scope of the series is global, and it
covers all time periods from the ancient to the modern worlds.
3 Urbanizing Nature
Actors and Agency (Dis)Connecting Cities and Nature Since 1500
E dited by Tim Soens, Dieter Schott, Michael Toyka-Seid and
Bert De Munck
4 Cities, Railways, Modernities
London, Paris, and the Nineteenth Century
Carlos López Galviz
5 The Materiality of Literary Narratives in Urban History
Edited by Lieven Ameel, Jason Finch, Silja Laine and Richard Dennis
6 The Rise and Fall of London’s Ringways, 1943–1973
Michael Dnes
7 New Approaches to Governance and Rule in Urban Europe Since 1500
Edited by Simon Gunn and Tom Hulme
8 Migrants and the Making of the Urban-Maritime World
Agency and Mobility in Port Cities, c. 1570–1940
Edited by Christina Reimann and Martin Öhman
9 I nterurban Knowledge Exchange in Southern and Eastern Europe,
1870–1950
Edited by Eszter Gantner, Heidi Hein-Kircher and Oliver Hochadel
For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/
Routledge-Advances-in-Urban-History/book-series/RAUH
Interurban Knowledge
Exchange in Southern and
Eastern Europe, 1870–1950
Edited by
Eszter Gantner, Heidi Hein-Kircher
and Oliver Hochadel
First published 2021
by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
and by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2021 Taylor & Francis
The right of Eszter Gantner, Heidi Hein-Kircher and Oliver
Hochadel to be identified as the authors of the editorial material,
and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted
in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs
and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted
or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,
including photocopying and recording, or in any information
storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from
the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be
trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for
identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Gantner, Eszter B. honoree. | Gantner, Eszter B., editor. |
Hein-Kircher, Heidi, 1969– editor. | Hochadel, Oliver, 1968– editor.
Title: Interurban knowledge exchange in Southern and Eastern Europe,
1870–1950 / edited by Eszter Gantner, Heidi Hein-Kircher and Oliver
Hochadel.
Description: 1st Edition. | New York : Routledge Taylor & Francis Group,
2020. | Series: Routledge advances in urban history ; vol 9 | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020025820 (print) | LCCN 2020025821 (ebook) |
ISBN 9780367333294 (hardback) | ISBN 9780429319235 (ebook) |
ISBN 9781000207637 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781000207644 (mobi) |
ISBN 9781000207651 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Cities and towns—Europe, Southern—Effect of technological
innovations on. | Cities and towns—Europe, Eastern—Effect of
technological innovations on. | City planning—Europe,
Southern—History. | City planning—Europe, Eastern—History. | Cities
and towns—Growth. | Civilization, Modern.
Classification: LCC HC244.5 .I58 2020 (print) | LCC HC244.5 (ebook) |
DDC 307.1/1609409041—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020025820
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020025821
ISBN: 978-0-367-33329-4 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-429-31923-5 (ebk)
Typeset in Sabon
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
In memoriam
Eszter Gantner (1971–2019)

Contents
List of Figures x
Preface xi
Introduction: Searching for Best Practices in Interurban
Networks 1
ESZTER GANTNER, HEIDI HEIN-KIRCHER
AND OLIVER HOCHADEL
PART I
Building a Modern City: Networks in Urban Planning 23
1 The Ghetto and the Castle: Modern Urban Design
and Knowledge Transfer in Historic Prague Before
and After 1918 25
CATHLEEN M. GIUSTINO
2 In Search of Best Practices Within the Confines of the
Russian Empire: The Port City of Berdyansk 50
IGOR LYMAN AND VICTORIA KONSTANTINOVA
3 Traveling Architecture: Géza Maróti’s Art Between
the Regional and the Global 75
ESZTER GANTNER
4 The Exchange of Urban Planning Theory and Practice
Along the Austro-Hungarian Periphery: Zagreb as
a Case Study 90
TAMARA BJAŽIĆ KLARIN
viii Contents
PART II
Aiming at the Healthy City: Experiments With Best
Practices 117
5 Learning From Smaller Cities: Moscow in the
International Urban Networks, 1870–1910 119
ANNA MAZANIK
6 Best Practices From a Polish Perspective: Improving
Health Conditions in Lviv Around 1900 134
HEIDI HEIN-KIRCHER
7 Improving Health in a Mediterranean City: Barcelona
and the European Network (1931–1937) 153
CELIA MIRALLES BUIL
PART III
The New Urban Space: Experiences and Institutions 173
8 A Discourse of Modernity? Warsaw’s Press on Urban
Poverty (1880s–1910s) 175
CLARA MADDALENA FRYSZTACKA
9 Going East: Gustave Loisel and the Networks of
Exchange Between Zoological Gardens Before 1914 197
OLIVER HOCHADEL
10 Architectural Conversations Across Europe’s
Borderlands: Transnational Exchanges Between
Barcelona and Bucharest in the 1920s 219
LUCILA MALLART
11 In the Driver’s Seat of Modern Urbanization: A Case
Study of Automotive Development in the Emerging
City of Barcelona, c. 1900–1950 237
BARRY L. STIEFEL
12 Crossing the Iron Curtain: Milan’s Museum of
Technology and Transnational Exchanges Before
and After World War II 261
ELENA CANADELLI
Contents ix
Afterword: Goodbye to Center and Periphery 285
COR WAGENAAR
List of Contributors 297
Name Index 301
Subject Index 305