Internet Optical Infrastructure: Issues on Monitoring and Failure Restoration PDF
Preview Internet Optical Infrastructure: Issues on Monitoring and Failure Restoration
János Tapolcai · Pin-Han Ho Péter Babarczi · Lajos Rónyai Internet Optical Infrastructure Issues on Monitoring and Failure Restoration Internet Optical Infrastructure János Tapolcai (cid:129) Pin-Han Ho (cid:129) Péter Babarczi Lajos Rónyai Internet Optical Infrastructure Issues on Monitoring and Failure Restoration 123 JánosTapolcai Pin-HanHo BudapestUniversityofTechnology UniversityofWaterloo andEconomics Waterloo,Canada Budapest,Hungary LajosRónyai PéterBabarczi InstituteforComputerScienceandControl BudapestUniversityofTechnology BudapestUniversityofTechnology andEconomics andEconomics Budapest,Hungary Budapest,Hungary ISBN978-1-4614-7737-2 ISBN978-1-4614-7738-9(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-7738-9 SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014945205 ©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2015 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’slocation,initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer. PermissionsforusemaybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter.Violations areliabletoprosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityfor anyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,with respecttothematerialcontainedherein. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Foreword Withtheirseeminglyinfinitecapacitytosupporttherapidtransportofdigitaldata to all corners of the globe, optical networks have without doubt been one of the mainstays of the modern Internet and the huge global economy that has grown up aroundit. As the line speed and capacity of optical transmission systems have grown to the levels of 10s of Terabits per second, then so too has the importance of being able to make networks of such high capacity line systems reliable and resilient.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatan outageonsuchhightransmissioncapacity trunkswillaffectverymanyendusersofthenetwork.Likewise,end-to-endnetwork performance for the more specialist big data users, who will often call upon the network to support sustained high volume data transfers, using higher layer protocols, perhaps over long distances, can experience hugely impaired network performancewheretheunderlyingtransmissionisexhibitinghighbiterrorratesor frequentprotection/restorationevents. This means it is now of increasing importance that these high capacity optical networksexhibitasmuchsurvivabilityastheycan,whichisusuallyrealisedthrough thevehiclesofserviceprotectionandrestorationschemesinvariouscombinations. Inordertodothis,suchnetworksneedrobustcontrolplanecapabilitiesandthese, inturn,relyonrapidandreliabledetectionofopticalchannelfailurethroughrobust monitoringtechniques. Subsequent to such failures, although the services should have survived with as minimal an outage as possible, it is essential that repairs are effected in an appropriately timely and cost-effective manner, otherwise multiple failures can rapidly diminish the survivability of the network. Especially where networks are spreadoverlargegeographicalareasorarehighlymeshed(topologicallycomplex) or the result of a federationof multiple autonomousoperationaldomainsthen the abilitytoperformspeedyandaccuratefaultlocalisationcomestothefore. Containedinthesepagesthereaderwillfindanengaginganddetailedtreatment of the topics of novel monitoring and failure localisation in all-optical networks, basedonacanonofresearchworkperformedbytheauthorsovera10-yearperiod. v vi Foreword The book starts with some conceptual introductions followed by an analytical approach in which the key problems are defined using formal methods, moving ontothedescriptionofnewresultsaddressingthese problemsandfinallyshowing theverificationoftheseresultsthroughsimulation. ChiefTechnologyOfficer MichaelEnrico DANTEandTechnicalCoordinatorofGÉANT OpenCallprogram Cambridge,UK 2April2014 Preface Thebookwasoriginatedfromtheauthors’publicationsanddoctoraldissertationsin theareaofopticalnetworksurvivabilityandfailurelocalizationinthepastdecade, after going through extensive reorganization and editorial efforts. The intended readers of the book are those who are interested in gaining advanced knowledge and state-of-the-art research results in the topics. It serves as a good reference forgraduate/trainingcoursesonnetworkoperationsand carrierdesign.Therefore, we believe the book benefits students who are taking related graduate courses as wellasnetworkengineersforresearchofnext-generationbackbonenetworks.The interested reader can find demos of most of the methods discussed in the book at http://lendulet.tmit.bme.hu/demo/mtrail/. The book is organized into three parts, each with specific objectives toward comprehension of the book scope. Part I is on fault management defined under Generalized Multi-ProtocolLabelSwitching (GMPLS). Part II talks aboutthe use of monitoring trails (m-trails) for failure localization with a central controller for collecting the alarms. It defines the m-trail allocation problem by minimizing the numberofm-trails,whichrelatestothecomplexityofthealarmcollectionandthe sizeofthealarmcodetable(ACT). Part III studies the case where a node can perform failure localization based on the on–off status of the traversing m-trails. Such a node is called Local UnambiguousFailureLocalization(L-UFL)capablenode;andifallthenodesare L-UFL capable, the scenario is defined as Network-wide L-UFL (NL-UFL). The scenario of L-UFL is further extended to an electronic signaling-free restoration framework where each node can automatically respond to the identified network failures and complete the required failure restoration task without waiting for any notification by another remote network entity. Such a framework is believed to achieve the ultimate goal of survivable optical network design: an ultra-fast vii viii Preface restorationspeedlikeinaringnetworkwhileenjoyingoptimalcapacityefficiency asinameshtopology. Budapest,Hungary JánosTapolcai Waterloo,ON,Canada Pin-HanHo Budapest,Hungary PéterBabarczi Budapest,Hungary LajosRónyai Acknowledgments Wewouldliketothankfirstourfamiliesfortheirhelpandunderstandingthroughout the book project. We would also thank our workplaces for giving us the time and support to conduct this project. János Tapolcai and Péter Babarczi are with the Department of Telecommunications and Media Informatics at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary. Pin-Han Ho is working at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Canada. Lajos Rónyai is with the Computer and Automation Research Institute, HungarianAcademyof Sciences and with the MathematicalInstitute of Budapest UniversityofTechnologyandEconomics. TheworkofJánosTapolcaiandPéterBabarcziwaspartiallysupportedbyMTA- BME Lendület Future Internet Research Group and the High Speed Networks Laboratory(HSNLab)attheBudapestUniversityofTechnologyandEconomicsand by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA grant K108947).Pin-Han Ho was supported by National Science and EngineeringResearch Council (NSERC), Canada. Péter Babarczi was supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA). Lajos Rónyai was supported by the Hungarian Research Fund (OTKA grants NK105645, K77476) and TÁMOP- 4.2.2/b-10/1-2010-0009. The work of the authors has been conducted with the financial assistance of the European Union under the FP7 GÉANT project grant agreementnumber605243aspartoftheMINERVAOpenCallproject. Many thanks also to Bin Wu for introducing us to this field, and to our co- authors, in particular to Wei He, as well as to our colleagues Tibor Gyimóthy, Cecília Dudás, and Alija Pašic´ for their helpful comments during the preparation ofthemanuscript.SpecialthankstothestaffatSpringer,especiallyBrettKurzman andRebeccaHytowitz,whowerereallyhelpfulduringthepreparationofthebook. ix
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