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Transactions on Computer Systems and Networks Sandeep Saxena Ashok Kumar Pradhan Editors Internet of Things Security and Privacy in Cyberspace Transactions on Computer Systems and Networks SeriesEditor AmlanChakrabarti,DirectorandProfessor,A.K.ChoudhurySchoolof InformationTechnology,Kolkata,WestBengal,India Transactions on Computer Systems and Networks is a unique series that aims to capture advances in evolution of computer hardware and software systems and progress in computer networks. Computing Systems in present world span from miniature IoT nodes and embedded computing systems to large-scale cloud infrastructures, which necessitates developing systems architecture, storage infrastructure and process management to work at various scales. Present day networking technologies provide pervasive global coverage on a scale and enable multitude of transformative technologies. The new landscape of computing comprises of self-aware autonomous systems, which are built upon a software-hardwarecollaborativeframework.Thesesystemsaredesignedtoexecute critical and non-critical tasks involving a variety of processing resources like multi-core CPUs, reconfigurable hardware, GPUs and TPUs which are managed throughvirtualisation,real-timeprocessmanagementandfault-tolerance.WhileAI, Machine Learning and Deep Learning tasks are predominantly increasing in the application space the computing system research aim towards efficient means of dataprocessing,memorymanagement,real-timetaskscheduling,scalable,secured and energy aware computing. The paradigm of computer networks also extends it support to this evolving application scenario through various advanced protocols, architectures and services. This series aims to present leading works on advances in theory, design, behaviour and applications in computing systems and networks. The Series accepts research monographs, introductory and advanced textbooks, professionalbooks,referenceworks,andselectconferenceproceedings. Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttps://link.springer.com/bookseries/16657 · Sandeep Saxena Ashok Kumar Pradhan Editors Internet of Things Security and Privacy in Cyberspace Editors SandeepSaxena AshokKumarPradhan Director-IQACandProfessor-IT DepartmentofComputerScience IMSUnisonUniversity andEngineering Dehradun,Uttarakhand,India SRMUniversity Amaravati,AndhraPradesh,India ISSN 2730-7484 ISSN 2730-7492 (electronic) TransactionsonComputerSystemsandNetworks ISBN 978-981-19-1584-0 ISBN 978-981-19-1585-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1585-7 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNature SingaporePteLtd.2022 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuse ofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,and transmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilar ordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Contents 1 Pre-requisiteConceptsforSecurityandPrivacy .................. 1 InderpreetKaur,SunilKumarBharti,andSandeepSaxena 2 BasicConceptsofCloudandFogComputing .................... 23 SahilKansal 3 AccessControlandAuthenticationinIoT ....................... 37 BhaskaraSanthoshEgalaandAshokKumarPradhan 4 LightweightCryptographicTechniquesandProtocolsforIoT ..... 55 ShubhamGuptaandSandeepSaxena 5 CommunicationSecurityinIoT ................................ 79 RaveenaYadavandVinodKumar 6 Intrusion Detection System with Layered Approach toInternetofThings—ABusinessParadigm ..................... 117 SunilGupta,GoldieGabrani,andPradeepKumarArya 7 MalwareDetectioninIoT ...................................... 133 PrachiDahiya 8 IoTNetworkUsedinFogandCloudComputing ................. 165 UmangKantandVinodKumar 9 Internet of Vehicles: Features, Architecture, Privacy, andSecurityIssues ............................................ 189 SushmaMalikandAnamikaRana 10 CybersecurityandEthicsforIoTSystem:AMassiveAnalysis ..... 209 ManishThakral,RishiRajSingh,andBharathiV.Kalghatgi v vi Contents 11 BlockchainforEnhancingSecurityofIoTDevices ................ 235 YahyeAdamOmarandS.B.Goyal 12 ChallengesandTrendsonPost-QuantumCryptography .......... 271 KunalDasandArindamSadhu Editors and Contributors AbouttheEditors Prof.(Dr.)SandeepSaxenaworkingasaDirector-IQACandProfessor-ITinIMS UnisonUniversity,Dehradun,Uttarakhand,India.HehasreceivedhisPh.D.degreein CSEfromNITDurgapur,WestBengal.HehasreceivedhisMSdegreeinInformation Security from the Indian Institute of Information Technology, Prayagraj. He has received his B.Tech degree in CSE from U.P.T.U. Lucknow. He has more than 13 YearsofTeachingandResearchExperience.Hisareasofinterestandresearchinclude SecurityandPrivacyinBlockchainTechnologyandCloudComputing,Architecture DesignforCloudComputing,AccesscontroltechniquesinCloudComputing,and BlockchainTechnology. He has performed the role of a key member in more than 10 International Conferences as Keynote Speaker/Organizing Secretary/Organizing Chair/Session Chair. He has written 3 technical books for UP Technical University, Lucknow, andpublishedmultipleresearchpapersinreputedinternationaljournalsandconfer- ences. He has published more than 30 research papers in reputed peer-reviewed journals/conferencesindexedby(Scopus,SCIE,GoogleScholars,DBLP)withhigh impact factors, more than 10 Patents published, and 2 Patents are Granted. He is participatinginmultipleprofessionalsocietieslikeIEEE(SeniorMember),IAASSE (SeniorMember),LifeTimeMemberinCSI,andLifeTimeMemberinCRSI. AshokKumarPradhanisanAssociateProfessorintheDepartmentofComputer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science at SRM University,Amaravati.HereceivedhisM.Tech.degreefromtheNationalInstitute ofTechnology(NIT),Rourkela,India,in2010.HereceivedhisPh.D.degreefrom NIT Durgapur, India, in 2015. His areas of interest and research include security andprivacyinblockchain-basedIoT,architecturedesignforblockchain-basedIoT, access control techniques in blockchain-based IoT, blockchain-enabled ecosystem inhealthcare,agriculture,andsupplychain,experimentalprototyping,andtestbeds vii viii EditorsandContributors forblockchain-basedIoT.Hehaspublishedover20researchpapersinreputedpeer- reviewed journals and conferences. He is a lifetime member of cryptography and securityandtheIndiansciencecongressassociation. Contributors PradeepKumarArya DepartmentofComputerScience,BMLMunjalUniversity, Gurgaon,India SunilKumarBharti Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida,India PrachiDahiya DelhiTechnologicalUniversity,NewDelhi,India KunalDas AcharyaPrafullaChandraCollege,Kolkata,WB,India BhaskaraSanthoshEgala SRMUniversity,Amaravati,AndhraPradesh,India GoldieGabrani DepartmentofComputerScienceandEngineering,BMLMunjal University,Gurgaon,India S.B.Goyal CityUniversity,PetalingJaya,Malaysia ShubhamGupta DepartmentofComputerScienceandEngineering,SRMUniver- sity,Amravati,AndhraPradesh,India SunilGupta Department of Cybernetics, School of Computer Science and Engi- neering,UniversityofPetroleumandEnergyStudies,Dehradun,India BharathiV.Kalghatgi ECEDepartment,PesUniversity,Bangalore,India SahilKansal Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India UmangKant DelhiTechnologicalUniversity,Delhi,India InderpreetKaur Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida,India VinodKumar DelhiTechnologicalUniversity,Delhi,India SushmaMalik InstitutionofInnovationinTechnology&Management,Janakpuri, NewDelhi,India YahyeAdamOmar CityUniversity,PetalingJaya,Malaysia AshokKumarPradhan SRMUniversity,Amaravati,AndhraPradesh,India AnamikaRana MaharajaSurajmalInstitute,Janakpuri,NewDelhi,India EditorsandContributors ix ArindamSadhu Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Kolkata, WB,India; GreaterKolkataEngineeringandManagement,Kolkata,WB,India SandeepSaxena Director-IQAC and Professor-IT, IMS Unison University, Dehradun,Uttarakhand,India RishiRajSingh SchoolofComputerScienceUPES,Dehradun,India ManishThakral SchoolofComputerScienceUPES,Dehradun,India RaveenaYadav DelhiTechnologicalUniversity,Delhi,India