International Yearbook of Nephrology 1992 PDF
Preview International Yearbook of Nephrology 1992
INTERNATIONAL YEARBOOK OF NEPHROLOGY 1992 EDITORIAL BOARD Robert J. Alpern, Dallas Otto Mehls, Heidelberg Anita C. Aperia, Stockholm Alain Y. Meyrier, Paris Jonas Bergstrom, Huddinge Alfred F. Michael, Minneapolis Roland C. Blantz, San Diego Paul Michielsen, Leuven Wayne A. Border, Salt Lake City A. Mimram, Montpellier Michael Broyer, Paris Charles M. Mion, Montpellier Vincenzo Camhi, Parma William E. Mitch, Atlanta Anthony R. Oarkson, Adelaide Carl E. Mogensen, Aarhus Antonio Dal Canton, Catanzaro Guy H. Neild, London Gabriel M. Danovitch, Los Angeles Eric Neilson, Philadelphia Paul E. de Jong, Groningen Allen R. Nissenson, Los Angeles Evert J. Dorhout Mees, Utrecht Dimitrios G. Oreopoulos, Toronto Ab J. Donker, Amsterdam Michel Paillard, Marseille Michael J. Dunn, Cleveland Mordecai M. Popovtzer, Jerusalem Meguid EI Nahas, Sheffield Andrew J. Rees, London Richard N. Fine, Stony Brook Giuseppe Remuzzi, Bergamo Paul Goodyer, Montreal Eberhard Ritz, Heidelberg Jean-Pierre Guignard, Lausanne ICarl Scharer, Heidelberg Thomas H. Hostetter, Minneapolis Detlef O. Schlondorff, New York David W. Humes, Ann Arbor George J. Schwartz, Bronx Iekuni Ichikawa, Nashville Justin Silver, Jerusalem Harry R. Jacobson, Nashville A.W.S. Sorensen, Aalborg CarIM.ICjellstrand,EdT.nonton Jean-Daniel Sraer, Paris Joel D. ICopple, Torrance Nobuhiro Sugino, Tokyo IGyoshi ICurokawa, Tokyo Craig C. Tisher, Gainesville Stuart L. Linas, Denver Charles van Ypersele de Strihou, Brussels Francisco Llach, Edmond Albert Valek, Prague Rosario Maiorca, Brescia John Walls, Leicester Giuseppe Maschio, Verona David G. Warnock, San Francisco Timothy H. Mathew, Woodville INTERNATIONAL YEARBOOK OF NEPHROLOGY 1992 Editors Vittorio E. Andreucci Department ofN ephrology University of Naples Naples, Italy and Leon G. Fine University College Middlesex School ofM edicine The Rayne Institute London, United Kingdom Springer-Verlag London Berlin Heidelberg New York Paris Tokyo Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest ISBN-13: 978-1-4471-1894-7 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4471-1892-3 DOl: 10.978-1-4471-1892-3 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Data available Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of repro graphic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licenses issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. © Springer-Verlag London Limited 1991 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1991 The use of registered names, trademarks etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. 2128/3830-543210 Printed on acid-free paper PREFACE The 1992 International Yearbook of Nephrology is the 4th in a successful series of yearly books updating practising nephrologists and nephrologists-in-training on rapidly changing areas of nephrology. We were encouraged to proceed in our editorial venture by reviews of the previous issues which have appeared in various Nephrology Journals. These reviews have pointed to the successful use of the International Editorial Board, the broad range of topics of current interest which have been covered and the comprehensive and practical nature of the reviews. The principal aim of the Yearbook remains to provide reviews which are more current than those which appear in Nephrology textbooks and which can be in the hands of the readers a few months after the authors have completed the manuscripts. The appointed authors are always experts in the field, who are asked to give an objective review of the topic, up-dating the readers on the world-wide literature and providing them with a complete, accurate and up-ta-date list of important recent references. We have decided to maintain the successful format of the first three issues. Thus, the volume will continue to be divided into sections; each section will continue to have a different primary focus every year, depending upon what is of greatest interest at the time. The Editorial Board has provided suggestions for topics and authors. We have received more than 150 suggestions and selected from among them the topics and authors for this issue. A number of topics suggested this year will be included in the next issue if they continue to be viewed as current and important. The Editorial Board of the International Yearbook will be reviewed periodically in order to renew the experts providing the suggestions for relevant topics. However, we continue to invite our readers to suggest topics for upcoming issues of the Yearbook. We are grateful to the authors for their excellent reviews and for having met the deadline in forwarding their manuscripts. The Yearbook series requires that the entire volume be ready for publication a few weeks after completion of the manuscripts, to avoid the drawback of traditional textbooks whose publication often occurs one to two years after submission of the material. Vittorio E. Andreucci LeonG. Fine CONTENTS Contributing Authors Renal Physiology and Pathophysiology 1. Coagulation in renal diseases: the role of the glomerular hemostasis system and implications for therapy. Alain Kanter, Eric Rondeau, Marie-NOelle Peraldi and Jean-Daniel Sraer 3 2. Central nelVOUS system complications of severe hyponatremia. RichardH. Sterns 55 3. The physiologic basis for renal functional reselVe testing. Francis B. Gabbai, Luca De Nicola and Roland C. Blantz 75 Glomerulonephritis 4. The antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors in human renal disease. Dick de Zeeuw, Jan E. Heeg and Paul E. de Jong 95 Hypertension 5. Insulin resistance in essential hypertension. Willa A. Hsueh 117 The Kidney and Diabetes 6. Risk factors and optimal blood pressure level for insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Carl Erik Mogensen 141 The Kidney in Pregnancy 7. Treatment of hypertension during pregnancy: drugs to be avoided and drugs to be used. Stephen N. Sturgiss, Marshall D. Lindheimer and John M. Davison 163 Hereditary Renal Diseases 8. Prediction of likelihood of polycystic kidney disease in the fetus when a parent has autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Patricia A. Gabow and Louise Wilkins-Haug 199 Renal Stone Disease 9. Urinary stones which require adjunctive management for successful extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. Gerhard J. Fuchs and Anna M. Fuchs 211 Chronic Renal Failure 10. Metabolic and clinical effects of long-term conservative treatment in patients with chronic renal failure. Lmnbeno Oldrizzi, Carlo Rugiu and Giuseppe M aschio 229 Dialysis 11. Treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism by intravenous calcitriol. Francisco Llach 245 12. Non-A, non-B hepatitis in dialysis patients: diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Michel Jadoul, Chantal Cornu and Charles van Ypersele de Strihou 253 13. New developments in continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration/dialysis. Ravindra L. Mehta 271 Renal Transplantation 14. Ideal immunosuppression after renal transplantation: are steroids needed? Timothy H. Mathew 299 Diagnostic Methods in Nephrology 15. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA): new tools in the diagnosis and follow-up of necrotizing glomerulonephritis and vasculitis. Cees G.M. Kallenberg and Jan W. Cohen Tervaert 313 16. Microscopic examination of the urinary sediment to differentiate high from low renal bleeding. G. Berry Schumann and Janet L. Schumann 337 Index 353 CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS Roland C. Blantz, Anna M. Fuchs, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, UCLA Stone Center, University of California, UCLA School of Medicine, San Diego School of Medicine Division of Urology, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10833 Leconte Ave, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, Los Angeles, Ca 90024, USA. La Jolla, CA 92161, USA. Gerhard J. Fuchs, Jan W. Cohen Tervaert, UCLA Stone Center, Department of Clinical Immunology UCLA School of Medicine, University Hospital, Division of Urology, Oostersingel59, 10833 Leconte Ave, 9713 EZ Groningen, The Netherlands. Los Angeles, Ca 90024, USA. Francis B. Gabbai, Chantal Cornu, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Division of Virology, University of California, University of Louvain Medical School, San Diego School of Medicine Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Av. Hippocrate 10, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium. La Jolla, CA 92161, USA. John M. Davison, Patricia A. Gabow, Department of Obstetrics Denver General Hospital, and Gynaecology, University of Colorado University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Health Sciences Center, Princess Mary Maternity Hospital, 4200 East Ninth Ave, Box C283, Great North Road, Denver, CO 80262, USA. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK, NE2 3BD. Jan E. Heeg, Luca De Nicola, Division of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, State University Hospital, San Diego School of Medicine Groningen, The Netherlands. and Veterans Mfairs Medical Center, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, Willa A. Hsueh, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA. Division of Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, Paul E. de Jong, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Southern California Department of Medicine, Medical Center, State University Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. Groningen, The Netherlands. Michel Jadoul, Dick de Zeeuw, Division of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, University of Louvain Medical School, Department of Medicine, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, State University Hospital, Av. Hippocrate 10, Groningen, The Netherlands. 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium. Cees G.M. Kallenberg, Marie-NOelle Peraldi, Department of Oinical Immunology, Service de Nephrologie A, University Hospital, Hopital Tenon, Oostersingel 59, 4 rue de la Chine 9713 EZ Groningen, The Netherlands. 75020 Paris, France. Alain Kanter, Eric Rondeau, Service de Nephrologie A, Service de Nephrologie A, Hopital Tenon, Hopital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine 4 rue de la Chine 75020 Paris, France. 75020 Paris, France. Francisco Llach, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Carlo Rugiu, West Los Angeles, Division of Nephrology, UCLA School of Medicine, University Hospital, Wilshire & Sawtelle Blvds, Ospedale avile Maggiore, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA. 37126 Verona, Italy. Marshall D. Lindheimer, Departments of Medicine G. Berry Schumann, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cytopathology and Cytotechnology, University of Chicago, 5B2.22 WC Mackenzie Chicago Lying-in Hospital, Health Science Centre, 5841 Maryland Avenue, University of Alberta, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Edmonton, Alberta Canada T6G 2RT. Giuseppe Maschio, Janet L. Schumann, Division of Nephrology, Cytopathology and Cytotechnology, University Hospital, 5B2.22 WC Mackenzie Ospedale Civile Maggiore, Health Science Centre, 37126 Verona, Italy. University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta Canada T6G 2RT. Timothy H. Mathew, Renal Unit, Jean-Daniel Sraer, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Service de Nephrologie A, Woodville South Hopital Tenon, South Australia 5011. 4 rue de la Chine Ravindra L. Mehta, 75020 Paris, France. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Richard H. Stems, University of California, Division of Nephrology, San Diego UCSD Medical Center H781-D University of Rochester San Diego, CA 92103, USA. School of Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Carl Erik Mogensen, 1425 Portland Avenue, Medical Department M Rochester, NY 14621, USA. (Diabetes and Endocrinology), Aarhus Kommunehospital, Stephen N. Sturgiss, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Department of Obstetrics Lamberto Oldrizzi, and Gynaecology, Division of Nephrology, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, University Hospital, Princess Mary Maternity Hospital, Ospedale avile Maggiore, Great North Road, 37126 Verona, Italy. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK, NE2 3BD. Charles van Ypersele de Strihou, Louise Wilkins-Haug, Division of Nephrology, Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Louvain Medical School, Harvard Medical School, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Department ofOB/GYN, Av. Hippocrate 10, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium. Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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