International Trade and Food Security: The Future of Indian Agriculture

246 Pages·2016·9.206 MB·English

by  Brouwer, Floor, Joshi, P K

International Trade and Food Security
The Future of Indian Agriculture

International Trade and Food Security
The Future of Indian Agriculture
Edited by
Floor Brouwer
LEI Wageningen UR, The Netherlands
and
P.K. Joshi
International Food Policy Research Institute, India
Any opinions stated herein are those of the author(s) and are not necessarily
representative of or endorsed by IFPRI
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A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library,
London, UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Brouwer, Floor, editor. | Joshi, P. K., editor.
Title: International trade and food security : the future of Indian
agriculture / editors, Floor Brouwer, P.K. Joshi.
Other titles: Future of Indian agriculture
Description: Boston, MA : CAB International, [2016] | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2015046431| ISBN 9781780642826 (hbk : alk. paper)
| ISBN 9781780648866 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Agriculture--Economic aspects--India--Forecasting.
| Food supply--India--Forecasting. | International trade.
Classification: LCC HD2072 .I685 2016 | DDC 382/.410954--dc23 LC
record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015046431
ISBN-13: 978 1 78064 282 6
Commissioning editor: Alex Hollingsworth
Editorial assistant: Emma McCann
Production editor: Shankari Wilford
Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India
Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY, UK
Contents
Contributors vii
Foreword ix
Preface xi
List of Acronyms xiii
PArt 1
1 Introduction 1
Floor Brouwer and P.K. Joshi
2 transformation of Indian Agriculture Following Economic Liberalization 5
Kavery Ganguly and Vijay Laxmi Pandey
PArt 2
3 Food Consumption Pattern and Nutritional Security among rural Households
in India: Impact of Cross-cutting rural Employment Policies 19
Praduman Kumar and P.K. Joshi
4 Food Demand and Supply Projections to 2030: India 29
Praduman Kumar and P.K. Joshi
5 Indian Economic Growth and trade Agreements: What Matters for India
and for Global Markets? 64
Geert Woltjer and Martine Rutten
6 India: Economic Growth and Income Distribution in rural and Urban Areas 81
G. Mythili
PArt 3
7 Food Safety Standards for Domestic and International Markets:
the Case of Dairy 96
Anneleen Vandeplas and Mara P. Squicciarini
v
vi Contents
8 India’s Poultry Sector: trade Prospects 115
Rajesh Mehta, R.G. Nambiar and P.K. Joshi
PArt 4
9 Employment Guarantee Programme and Income Distribution 124
G. Mythili
10 India’s Price Support Policies and Global Food Prices 134
Gerdien Meijerink and P.K. Joshi
11 Biofuel Commitments in India and International trade 150
Geert Woltjer and Edward Smeets
12 Input Subsidy versus Farm technology – Which is More Important
for Agricultural Development? 163
Praduman Kumar and P.K. Joshi
PArt 5
13 High-value Production and Poverty: the Case of Dairy in India 182
Anneleen Vandeplas, Mara P. Squicciarini and Johan F.M. Swinnen
14 Changing Structure of retail in India: Looking Beyond Price Competition 192
Devesh Roy, Shwetima Joshi, P.K. Joshi and Bhushana Karandikar
PArt 6
15 Conclusions and Way Forward 209
P.K. Joshi and Floor Brouwer
Index 219
Contributors
Brouwer, Floor, Researcher, LEI Wageningen UR, PO Box 29703, 2502LS The Hague, The
Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected]
Ganguly, Kavery, Director, Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), India Habitat Centre, Core
4A, Ground Floor, Lodi Road, New Delhi-110 003, India; e-mail: [email protected]
Joshi, P.K., Director-South Asia, International Food Policy Research Institute, NASC Complex,
CG Block, Dev Prakash Shastri Marg, Pusa, New Delhi-110 012, India; e-mail: p.joshi@
cgiar.org
Joshi, Shwetima, University of Texas El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968,
USA; e-mail: [email protected]
Karandikar, Bhushana, Fellow, Indian School of Political Economy, Arthbodh, S.B. Road,
Pune, 411016, India; e-mail: [email protected]
Kumar, Praduman, Former Professor, Division of Agricultural Economics, Indian Agricul-
tural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India; e-mail: [email protected]
Mehta, rajesh, formerly of Research and Information System for Developing Countries,
Zone IV-B, Fourth Floor, India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003, India.
Rajesh Mehta passed away at the age of 65 years on 12 May 2015, during the process of
editing this book. We deeply regret the loss to his colleagues, friends and family.
Meijerink, Gerdien, Program manager, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Ana-
lysis, The Hague, The Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected]
Mythili, G., Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), Gen. A.K.
Vaidya Marg, Goregaon (E), Mumbai-400 065, India; e-mail: [email protected]
Nambiar, r.G., Professor-Economics, FLAME University, 401, Phoenix Complex, Bund
Garden Road, Opp. Residency Club, Pune-411 001, Maharashtra, India; e-mail: nambiar@
flame.edu.in
Pandey, Vijay Laxmi, Associate Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research
(IGIDR), Gen. A.K. Vaidya Marg, Goregaon (E), Mumbai-400 065, India; e-mail: vijay@igidr.
ac.in
roy, Devesh, Research Fellow, International Food Policy Research Institute, NASC Complex,
CG Block, Dev Prakash Shastri Marg, Pusa, New Delhi-110012, India; e-mail: [email protected]
rutten, Martine, DLO Researcher, LEI Wageningen UR, PO Box 29703, 2502LS The Hague,
The Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected]
Smeets, Edward, Researcher, LEI Wageningen UR, PO Box 29703, 2502LS The Hague, The
Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected]
vii
viii Contributors
Squicciarini, Mara P., LICOS – Center for Institutions and Economic Performance, KU Leuven,
Waaistraat 6, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; e-mail: [email protected]
Swinnen, Johan F.M., LICOS – Center for Institutions and Economic Performance, KU Leuven,
Waaistraat 6, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; e-mail: [email protected]
Vandeplas, Anneleen, LICOS – Center for Institutions and Economic Performance, KU
Leuven, Waaistraat 6, 3000 Leuven, Belgium and European Commission; e-mail: anneleen.
[email protected]
Woltjer, Geert, DLO Researcher, LEI Wageningen UR, PO Box 29703, 2502LS The Hague,
The Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected]
Foreword
Global food demand will increase in coming decades, mainly in response to changing global
diets and rapidly growing middle-income populations in emerging economies. To ensure
food and nutrition security, this future demand must be met at affordable prices. Because
international trade will necessarily play a significant role in balancing food demand and
supply, its potential for improving global food security needs to be better understood. India
provides a critical case for investigating the links between trade and food security. It is
one of the major emerging economies, and has experienced a population increase of some
100 million over the last decade. The proportion of undernourished people is high and the
population is young, with 40 per cent between the ages of 10 and 30, and highly rural, with
only 30 per cent living in urban areas.
To date, the importance of the international trade of Indian agricultural products in
securing global and national food supplies has not been properly addressed. The current
volume fills this gap. It provides an in-depth understanding of the driving role of food secur-
ity in Indian debates about opening up to international markets for food products, and
explores the potential benefits and risks of international trade in food commodities. A mix
of global, national, and regional assessments, complemented with qualitative approaches,
include demand–supply projections under different scenarios and modelling of the impacts
of different trade regimes on agricultural growth and food security. The role of price support
systems, input subsidies, and government programmes in food security are also covered.
We welcome the insights provided by International Trade and Food Security: The Future
of Indian Agriculture, which are the product of a fruitful collaboration between the Inter-
national Food Policy Research Institute (Washington DC, USA), LEI Wageningen UR (the
Netherlands), Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (India), KU Leuven (Belgium),
IAMO (Germany), and CRPA (Italy). We compliment the efforts of Floor Brouwer and
P.K. Joshi in compiling the studies and bringing out this volume. This work will undoubt-
edly generate discussion and contribute to policy formulation related to domestic policies,
international trade, and food security.
Shenggen Fan, Director General, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI),
Washington, DC, USA
Jack van der Vorst, Managing Director Social Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Netherlands
ix