International Education Hubs: Student, Talent, Knowledge-Innovation Models PDF
Preview International Education Hubs: Student, Talent, Knowledge-Innovation Models
Jane Knight Editor International Education Hubs Student, Talent, Knowledge-Innovation Models International Education Hubs Jane Knight Editor International Education Hubs Student, Talent, Knowledge-Innovation Models Editor Jane Knight Ontario Institute for Studies in Education University of Toronto Toronto, ON , Canada ISBN 978-94-007-7024-9 ISBN 978-94-007-7025-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-7025-6 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013947123 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) This book is dedicated to Ruth Hayhoe and Philip Altbach, both highly respected scholars and dear friends. This dedication not only honors their contribution to our fi eld of comparative and international higher education but also acknowledges their role as mentors for the next generation of scholars, academic leaders, and policymakers. They have been highly infl uential and supportive in my own journey of understanding the international dimensions of higher education around the world. For that I extend my grateful appreciation and dedicate this book to them, and to future scholars working on the internationalization of higher education. Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................. 1 Jane Knight 2 Understanding Education Hubs Within the Context of Crossborder Education ...................................................................... 13 Jane Knight 3 An Analytical Framework for Education Hubs ................................... 29 Jane Knight and Jack Lee 4 The Evolution of Qatar as an Education Hub: Moving to a Knowledge-Based Economy.............................................. 43 Arwa Ibnouf, Lois Dou, and Jane Knight 5 United Arab Emirates’ Education Hub: A Decade of Development ....................................................................... 63 Warren Halsey Fox and Sabha Al Shamisi 6 Hong Kong: The Quest for Regional Education Hub Status .............. 81 Ka Ho Mok and Peter Bodycott 7 Malaysia: Becoming an Education Hub to Serve National Development .............................................................. 101 Mohd Ismail Abd Aziz and Doria Abdullah 8 Singapore: Building a Knowledge and Education Hub ....................... 121 Ravinder Sidhu, Kong-Chong Ho, and Brenda S.A. Yeoh 9 Botswana Country Hub: Africa’s First Education Hub ...................... 145 Bridget Poppy John, David Wilmoth, and Brian Mokopakgosi 10 Emerging Hubs: South Korea, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, and Bahrain ............................................................................................. 165 Lois Dou and Jane Knight vii viii Contents 11 Comparative Analysis of Education Hubs ............................................ 183 Jane Knight 12 Education Hubs: Issues, Indicators and Refl ections ............................ 207 Jane Knight About the Authors ........................................................................................... 229 Comprehensive Bibliography and Sources of Further Information .......... 233 Index ................................................................................................................. 247 Chapter 1 Introduction Jane Knight For centuries, higher education has had an international dimension. Witness the movement of scholars and knowledge around the world since early times and the concept of universe in the naming of universities as the fi rst formal institutions of higher learning. Fast-forward to the twentieth century when international mobility of students exploded and international academic relations were strengthened by the founding of worldwide university networks and associations. Yet, internationalization of education, a term which has only been in use for about three decades, has funda- mentally changed the landscape of higher education in a relatively short period of time. Internationalization means different things to different people, institutions, and countries. It is driven by diversity of rationales, fi nds expressions in a variety of activities, and brings multiple benefi ts, risks, and unintended outcomes. Education hubs are a recent manifestation of internationalization, demonstrating the changing and responsive nature of internationalization to the complex realities of today’s more globalized world. Globalization has had an enormous impact on the internationalization of higher education. The unprecedented developments in information technologies and social media, the pervasive impact of economic liberalization and trade agreements, and the increased fl ow of people, ideas, capital, values, services, goods, and technology across borders are examples of agenda- changing globalization forces. Internationalization is different but closely related to the dynamic process of global- ization. The key concept of i nternation involves relationships between and among countries, people, systems, and cultures. This differs signifi cantly from the core concept of g lobal or worldwide fl ow and scope of globalization (Knight 2008 ). Heated debate continues as to whether globalization is a catalyst for international- ization of higher education or vice versa, internationalization of higher education J. Knight (*) Ontario Institute for Studies in Education , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada e-mail: [email protected] J. Knight (ed.), International Education Hubs: Student, Talent, 1 Knowledge-Innovation Models, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-7025-6_1, © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
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