International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers. Vol. 2: Directors PDF
Preview International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers. Vol. 2: Directors
International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers- 2 DIRECTORS FOURTH EDITION EDITORS TOMPENDERGAST SARAPENDERGAST International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers-2 DIRECTORS International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers Volume 1 FILMS Volume 2 DIRECTORS Volume 3 ACTORS and ACTRESSES Volume 4 WRITERS and PRODUCTION ARTISTS Tom Pendergast, Sara Pendergast, Editors Michael J. Tyrkus, Project Coordinator Michelle Banks, Erin Bealmear, Laura Standley Berger, Joann Cerrito, Jim Craddock, Steve Cusack, Nicolet V. Elert, Miranda H. Ferrara, Kristin Hart, Melissa Hill, Laura S. Kryhoski, Margaret Mazurkiewicz, Carol Schwartz, and Christine Tomassini, St. James Press Staff Peter M. Gareffa, Managing Editor Maria Franklin, Permissions Manager Debra J. Freitas, Permissions Assistant Mary Grimes, Leitha Etheridge-Sims, Image Catalogers Mary Beth Trimper, Composition Manager Dorothy Maki, Manufacturing Manager Rhonda Williams, Senior Buyer Cynthia Baldwin, Product Design Manager Michael Logusz, Graphic Artist Randy Bassett, Image Database Supervisor Robert Duncan, Imaging Specialists Pamela A. Reed, Imaging Coordinator Dean Dauphinais, Senior Editor, Imaging and Multimedia Content While every effort has been made to ensure the reliability of the information presented in this publication, St. James Press does not guarantee the accuracy of the data contained herein. St. James Press accepts no payment for listing; and inclusion of any organization, agency, institution, publication, service, or individual does not imply endorsement of the editors or publisher. Errors brought to the attention of the publisher and verified to the satisfaction of the publisher will be corrected in future editions. This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair competition, and other applicable laws. The authors and editors of this work have added value to the underlying factual material herein through one or more of the following: unique and original selection, coordination, expression, arrangement, and classification of the information. All rights to this publication will be vigorously defended. Copyright © 2000 St. James Press 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data International dictionary of films and filmmakers / editors, Tom Pendergast, Sara Pendergast.—4th ed. p. cm. Contents: 1. Films — 2. Directors — 3. Actors and actresses — 4. Writers and production artists. ISBN 1-55862-449-X (set) — ISBN 1-55862-450-3 (v. 1) — ISBN 1-55862-477-5 (v. 2) — ISBN 1-55862-452-X (v. 3) — ISBN 1-55862-453-8 (v. 4) 1. Motion pictures—Plots, themes, etc. 2. Motion picture producers and directors—Biography— Dictionaries. 3. Motion picture actors and actresses—Biography—Dictionaries. 4. Screenwriters— Biography—Dictionaries. I. Pendergast, Tom. II. Pendergast, Sara. PN1997.8.I58 2000 791.43’03—dc2100-064024 CIP Cover photograph—David Cronenberg courtesy the Kobal Collection Printed in the United States of America St. James Press is an imprint of Gale Group Gale Group and Design is a trademark used herein under license 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 CONTENTS EDITORS’ NOTE vii BOARD OF ADVISERS ix CONTRIBUTORS xi LIST OF ENTRANTS xiii DIRECTORS 1 PICTURE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1111 NOTES ON ADVISERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 1115 NATIONALITY INDEX 1127 FILM TITLE INDEX 1133 EDITORS’ NOTE This is a revised edition of the 2nd volume of the International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers, which also includes Volume 1, Films, Volume 3, Actors and Actresses, and Volume 4, Writers and Production Artists. The book comprises more than 483 entries, consisting of a brief biography, a complete filmography, a selected bibliography of works by and about the entrant, and a critical essay written by a specialist in the field. There are 66 entrants new to this edition. Most of the entries from the previous edition have been retained here; all entries have updated filmographies and bibliographies; and many entries have updated critical essays. Since film is primarily a visual medium, the majority of entries are illustrated, either by a portrait or by a representative still from the entrant’s body of work. The selection of entrants is once again based on the recommendations of the advisory board. It was not thought necessary to propose strict criteria for selection: the book is intended to represent the wide range of interests within North American, British, and West European film scholarship and criticism. The eclecticism in both the list of entrants and the critical stances of the different writers emphasizes the multifarious notions of the cinema, and indeed of the various entrants’ role within it. On the vexing question of authorship in the cinema, it is to be hoped that this volume is properly seen in the context of a series which also focuses on the contribution to the cinema or actors and actresses (Volume 3), along with screenwriters, cinematographers, editors, animators, composers, and other production artists (Volume 4), as well as the individual films themselves (Volume 1). Thanks are due to the following: Nicolet V. Elert and Michael J. Tyrkus at St. James Press, for their efforts in preparing this collection for publication; Michael Najjar, for his tireless efforts in researching the entries; our advisers, for their wisdom and broad knowledge of international cinema; and our contributors, for their gracious participation. We have necessarily built upon the work of the editors who have preceded us, and we thank them for the strong foundation they created. A Note on the Entries Non-English language film titles are given in the original language or a transliteration of it, unless they are better known internationally by their English title. Alternate release titles in the original language(s) are found within parentheses, followed by release titles in English (American then British if there is a difference) and translations. The date of a film is understood to refer to its year of release unless stated otherwise. In the list of films in each entry, information within parentheses following each film modifies, if necessary, then adds to the subject’s principal function(s). The most common abbreviations used are: an animator assoc associate asst assistant chor choreographer d director ed editor exec executive mus music ph cinematographer or director of photography pr producer prod des production designer ro role sc scenarist or scriptwriter The abbreviation ‘‘co-’’ preceding a function indicates collaboration with one or more persons. Other abbreviations that may be used to clarify the nature of an individual film are ‘‘doc’’—documentary; ‘‘anim’’—animation; and ‘‘ep’’—episode. A name in parentheses following a film title is that of the director. A film title in boldface type indicates that complete coverage of that film may be found in the International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers, Volume 1: Films. vii BOARD OF ADVISERS Dudley Andrew Susan K. Larsen Jeanine Basinger Audrey T. McCluskey Ronald Bergan Ib Monty Lewis Cole Gary Morris Gary Crowdus Dan Nissen Robert von Dassanowsky Julian Petley Jack C. Ellis Christopher Pickard Susan Felleman Dana B. Polan Ben Gibson Paul Shields Douglas Gomery Frank P. Tomasulo Rajko Grlic Leonardo Garcia Tsao Robyn Karney Aruna Vasudevan Philip Kemp ix CONTRIBUTORS Charles Affron Douglas Gomery Liam O’Leary Mirella Jona Affron Justin Gustainis Vladimír Opela Dudley Andrew Patricia King Hanson Dayna Oscherwitz Roy Armes Stephen L. Hanson R. Barton Palmer José Arroyo Ann Harris Robert J. Pardi Erik Barnouw Louise Heck-Rabi Richard Peña Jeanine Basinger Ellie Higgins Julian Petley John Baxter Kevin Hillstrom Duncan J. Petrie Birgit Beumers Kyoko Hirano Françoise Pfaff Audie Bock Judy Hoffman Gene D. Phillips DeWitt Bodeen Deborah H. Holdstein Zuzana Mirjam Pick David Bordwell Guo-Juin Hong Dana B. Polan Ronald Bowers Robert Horton Richard Porton Stephen E. Bowles Vivian Huang Victoria Price Stephen Brophy Stuart M. Kaminsky Lauren Rabinovitz Geoff Brown Joel Kanoff Maria Racheva Robert Burgoyne Robyn Karney Herbert Reynolds Julianne Burton Dave Kehr Chris Routledge Fred Camper Philip Kemp E. Rubinstein Ross Care Satti Khanna Marie Saeli Michel Ciment Tammy Kinsey Curtis Schade Elizabeth Cline Katherine Singer Kovács Lillian Schiff Cynthia Close Audrey E. Kupferberg Steven Schneider Tom Conley Joseph Lanza H. Wayne Schuth Samantha Cook Samuel Lelievre Michael Selig Kevin J. Costa James L. Limbacher David Shipman R. F. Cousins Richard Lippe Ulrike Sieglohr Tony D’Arpino Kimball Lockhart Charles L. P. Silet Gertraud Steiner Daviau Janet E. Lorenz Scott Simmon Pamala S. Deane Glenn Lovell P. Adams Sitney Charles Derry Ed Lowry Josef Skvorecký Wheeler Winston Dixon G. C. Macnab Anthony Slide Susan Doll Elaine Mancini Edward S. Small Robert Dunbar Roger Manvell Eric Smoodin Raymond Durgnat Gina Marchetti Cecile Starr Rob Edelman Gerald Mast Bob Sullivan Robert Edmonds John McCarty Karel Tabery Jack C. Ellis Gretchen Elsner-Sommer Vacláv Merhaut Richard Taylor Patricia Erens Russell Merritt J. P. Telotte Mark W. Estrin Lloyd Michaels John C. Tibbetts Quentin Falk Joseph Milicia Doug Tomlinson Greg Faller Norman Miller Andrew Tudor Rodney Farnsworth Ib Monty Blažena Urgošíková Howard Feinstein James Morrison Ravi Vasudevan Susan Felleman John Mraz Dorothee Verdaasdonk Leslie Felperin William T. Murphy Ginette Vincendeau Lilie Ferrari Ray Narducy Mark Walker Theresa FitzGerald Dennis Nastav James M. Welsh Manuel Dos Santos Fonseca Kim Newman Dennis West Alexa Foreman Bill Nichols M. B. White Saul Frampton Dan Nissen Colin Williams Frances Gateward Clea H. Notar Bill Wine Tina Gianoulis Linda J. Obalil Rob Winning Jill Gillespie Daniel O’Brien Jessica Wolff Verina Glaessner John O’Kane Robin Wood xi LIST OF ENTRANTS Percy Adlon Charles Burnett E.A. Dupont Chantal Akerman Tim Burton Marguerite Duras Robert Aldrich Julien Duvivier Woody Allen Michael Cacoyannis Allan Dwan Pedro Almodóvar James Cameron Robert Altman Jane Campion Clint Eastwood Santiago Alvarez Frank Capra Atom Egoyan Lindsay Anderson Léos Carax Sergei Eisenstein Theodoros Angelopoulos Marcel Carné Jean Epstein Kenneth Anger John Carpenter Jean Eustache Michelangelo Antonioni John Cassavetes Michael Apted Renato Castellani Zoltán Fábri Gregg Araki Alberto Cavalcanti Rainer Werner Fassbinder Denys Arcand Claude Chabrol Safi Faye Gillian Armstrong Youssef Chahine Paul Fejös Dorothy Arzner Charles Chaplin Federico Fellini Timothy Asch Chen Kaige Emilio Fernández Hal Ashby Benjamin Christensen Abel Ferrara Alexandre Astruc Věra Chytilová Louis Feuillade Richard Attenborough Michael Cimino Jacques Feyder Bille August Souleymane Cissé David Fincher Claude Autant-Lara René Clair Robert Flaherty Shirley Clarke Victor Fleming Lloyd Bacon Jack Clayton Robert Florey John Badham René Clement John Ford Bruce Baillie Henri-Georges Clouzot Milos Forman Juan Antonio Bardem Jean Cocteau Willi Forst Boris Barnet Joel Coen Bill Forsyth Paul Bartel Martha Coolidge Bob Fosse Evgeni Bauer Francis Ford Coppola John Frankenheimer Mario Bava Roger Corman Sidney Franklin Jacques Becker Constantin Costa-Gavras Stephen Frears Jean-Jacques Beineix Wes Craven Martin Frič Marco Bellocchio Charles Crichton Fridrik Thor Fridriksson Maria Luisa Bemberg John Cromwell William Friedkin Shyam Benegal David Cronenberg Samuel Fuller Robert Benton George Cukor Bruce Beresford Michael Curtiz István Gaál Ingmar Bergman Abel Gance Busby Berkeley Joe Dante Luis García Berlanga Claude Berri Jules Dassin Sergei Gerasimov Bernardo Bertolucci Delmer Daves Haile Gerima Luc Besson Emile De Antonio Pietro Germi Kathryn Bigelow Basil Dearden Terry Gilliam Fernando Birri Philippe de Broca Jean-Luc Godard Bertrand Blier Fernando De Fuentes Sara Gómez August Blom Jean Delannoy Claude Goretta Budd Boetticher Cecil B. De Mille Heinosuke Gosho Peter Bogdanovich Jonathan Demme Edmund Goulding John Boorman Jacques Demy Peter Greenaway Lizzie Borden Brian De Palma Jean Grémillon Frank Borzage Maya Deren John Grierson Roy and John Boulting Vittorio de Sica D. W. Griffith Stan Brakhage Carlos Diegues Ruy Guerra Kenneth Branagh Edward Dmytryk Yilmaz Güney Catherine Breillat Stanley Donen Tomás Gutiérrez Alea Robert Bresson Mark Donskoi Alice Guy Albert Brooks Doris Dorrie Patricio Guzmán Mel Brooks Alexander Dovzhenko Tod Browning Carl Theodor Dreyer Bert Haanstra Luis Buñuel Germaine Dulac Lasse Hallstrom xiii LIST OF ENTRANTS DIRECTORS, 4th EDITION Susumi Hani Gregory La Cava Paul Morrissey Hal Hartley John Landis Robert Mulligan Howard Hawks Fritz Lang F. W. Murnau Todd Haynes Claude Lanzmann Josef Heifitz Alberto Lattuada Mira Nair Astrid and Bjarne Frank Launder and Sidney Gregory Nava Henning-Jensen Gilliat Jan Nemec Cecil Hepworth Richard Leacock Fred Niblo Werner Herzog David Lean Mike Nichols Walter Hill Patrice Leconte Alfred Hitchcock Paul Leduc Manoel de Oliveira Holger-Madsen Ang Lee Ermanno Olmi Agnieszka Holland Spike Lee Max Ophüls Tobe Hooper Jean-Pierre Lefebvre Nagisa Oshima Hou Hsiao-Hsien Mike Leigh Idrissa Ouedraogo Ron Howard Claude Lelouch Yasujiro Ozu John Huston Paul Leni Sergio Leone Kon Ichikawa Mervyn Leroy G. W. Pabst Tadashi Imai Richard Lester Marcel Pagnol Shohei Imamura Barry Levinson Alan J. Pakula Rex Ingram Albert Lewin Euzhan Palcy Otar Ioseliani Jerry Lewis Sergei Paradzhanov Juzo Itami Marcel L’Herbier Alan Parker Joris Ivens Richard Linklater Gordon Parks James Ivory Miguel Littin Pier Paolo Pasolini Ken Loach Giovanni Pastrone Peter Jackson Pare Lorentz Sam Peckinpah Miklós Jancsó Joseph Losey Arthur Penn Derek Jarman Ernst Lubitsch Nelson Pereira dos Santos Jim Jarmusch George Lucas Wolfgang Petersen Humphrey Jennings Sidney Lumet Elio Petri Norman Jewison Louis Lumière Dadasaheb Phalke Jaromil Jireš David Lynch Maurice Pialat Roland Joffé Lupu Pick Neil Jordan Alexander MacKendrick Roman Polanski Sydney Pollack Dušan Makavejev Abraham Polonsky Jean-Marie Gaston Kaboré Mohsen Makhmalbaf Gillo Pontecorvo Karel Kachyňa Terrence Malick Edwin S. Porter Ján Kadár Louis Malle Nelly Kaplan Nils Malmros Michael Powell and Emeric Raj Kapoor Djibril Diop Mambety Pressburger Lawrence Kasdan Rouben Mamoulian Otto Preminger Philip Kaufman Joseph L. Mankiewicz Yakov Protazanov Aki Kaurismaki Anthony Mann Vsevolod Pudovkin Helmut Käutner Michael Mann Jerzy Kawalerowicz Chris Marker Bob Rafelson Elia Kazan Gregory Markopoulos Sam Raimi Buster Keaton John Kennedy Marshall Yvonne Rainer Abbas Kiarostami Albert and David Paul Maysles Man Ray Krzysztof Kieślowski Leo McCarey Nicholas Ray King Hu Mehboob Khan Satyajit Ray Keisuke Kinoshita Jonas Mekas Carol Reed Teinosuke Kinugasa Jean-Pierre Melville Rob Reiner Alexander Kluge Jirí Menzel Karel Reisz Masaki Kobayashi Márta Mészáros Jean Renoir Barbara Kopple Russ Meyer Alain Resnais Alexander Korda Oscar Micheaux Tony Richardson Zoltan Korda Nikita Mikhalkov Leni Riefenstahl Grigori Kozintsev Lewis Milestone Marlon Riggs Stanley Kramer Claude Miller Arturo Ripstein Stanley Kubrick George Miller Martin Ritt Lev Kuleshov Vincente Minnelli Jacques Rivette Akira Kurosawa Kenji Mizoguchi Glauber Rocha Diane Kurys Nanni Moretti Nicolas Roeg Emir Kusturica Errol Morris Alexander Rogozhkin xiv
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