International and European Criminal Law

364 Pages·2018·2.886 MB·English

by  Helmut Satzger

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Preface to the 2nd edition
Thefield ofInternational and European Criminal Lawis under continuous develop
ment; a development not only facilitated by the extensive jurisprudence of European
and international (criminal) courts and tribunals, but also growing efforts of concep
tualisationininternationallegalscholarship.
Thesecharacteristics providedthemotivation tocreatethissecond, fullyrevisedand
considerablyextendededitionofmytextbookonInternationalandEuropeanCriminal
Law. It offers a concise introduction to those areas of criminal law in which interna
tionalandEuropeaninfluenceismostobviousaswellastothegenuinelyinternational
criminal legal order. This comprises the sub fields of criminal jurisdiction and the
territorial scope of the application of national criminal law (B.), European Criminal
Law, including the influence of EU law on national criminal law, EU criminal legisla
tion,aswellasthelegalregimeoftheEuropeanConventiononHumanRights(C.),and
finally International Criminal Law as applied by the International Criminal Court and
otherinternationalcriminalcourtsandtribunals(D.).
The second edition includes all of the latest substantive legal developments and
contains numerous references to international legal literature and jurisprudence. The
updatedchapteronthecomparativeanalysisofthelawofcriminaljurisdictionillustrates
the most recent essential legal reforms in a number of European states. The chapters on
the criminal law of the European Union now contain a completely new segment on
fundamental rights in the context of judicial cooperation in criminal matters. Further
more, the revised chapter regarding the European Charter on Human Rights focuses
particularlyontheEuropeanCourtofHumanRights’recentjurisprudenceontherightto
representation and confrontation. Moreover, the reviewed chapters regarding Interna
tional Criminal Law have been revised and updated as to include the most important
recent judgments and decisions issued by the International Criminal Court. Lastly, a
visual synopsis displaying all situations and cases into which the International Criminal
Courthasopenedformalinvestigationssofaraswellasashortsummaryoftheirbroader
socio politicalbackgrounds,cannowbefoundintheattachedannex.
My original inspiration to publish an English textbook on “International and
European Criminal Law” can be traced back to a strong interest in a compact and
concise textbook similar to the one I have published in German (“Internationales und
Europa¨isches Strafrecht”, 7th edition, Nomos 2016) demonstrated by several colleagues
and numerous students from abroad. Since the English textbook is intended to
primarilyaddressreadersfromoutsideGermany,Idecidedtoprepare aninternationa
lised version rather than to simply translate the German textbook into English.
However, the form of a typical German textbook has been maintained. I focused on
the most important problematic legal issues in order to make the complex subject
matters easily comprehensible for students but also for legal scholars and practitioners
fromdiverselegalbackgrounds.Additionally,thetextisillustratedbynumerouscharts,
examples and case exercises, which complement particularly complicated issues. Refer
enceisfrequentlymadetonationallegalordersandjurisprudenceinordertoexemplify
similaritiesbetweennationalandinternationallegalstructuresanddevelopments.
As international and European legal texts and documents of relevance are often not
easily available, I have created a complementary website in order to provide the reader
withaconstantlyupdatedlistofallnecessarymaterial.Thewebsitecanbeaccessedvia
http://www.satzger international.info
V
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Preface
Therealisationofasecondedition,revisingtheoriginaltextconsiderablyandtaking
into account all the important and numerous changes in European and International
Law, is the result of perfect team work by my most diligent student and research
assistantsworkingatmychairattheLudwig Maximilians Universita¨tinMunich.Allof
them deserve myutmost gratitude fortheir mostvaluablecontributions, theirconstant
commitmentanddedication.
Foremost,IwanttothankmyassistantsDr.LauraNeumannandNicolaivonMaltitz,
LL.M.,whowereinchargeofcoordinatingthesecondeditionanddiligentlydraftedand
revised large parts of the core text. Furthermore, I want to thank Dr. Frank Zimmer
mannandLauraFunkefortheirpersistenthelpinadaptingandupdatingessentialparts
of the textbook. Moreover, Iwant to thankJuliane Abel, Severin Berger, Lena Hartung,
Dorothea Hirt, Niklas Kastel, Philipp Kellner, Johannes Kleinhenz, Julia Mayer, Julio
Ramos Pires, Lorenz Seidl, Isabel Vicar´ıa Barker, and Jan Wiebers for their attentive
workonformalcorrections.
I am especially indebted to my student assistant Lorca´n Hyde for his excellent 24/7
language control and translation efforts as well as for his most valuable input to the
contents.Withouthisconstantefforts,therealisationofthe2ndeditionwouldnothave
beenpossible.
Last but not least, I want to thank Dr. Wilhelm Warth and Thomas Klich from our
German co publisher C.H.Beck for their permanent support, valuable advice and
enormouspatience.
HelmutSatzger
Munich,July2017
VI
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Glossary
AC.......................................... AppealsChamber
AcP........................................ Archivfu¨rdiecivilistischePraxis(journal)
AEUV.................................... Vertragu¨berdieArbeitsweisederEuropa¨ischenUnion(TFEU)
AG.......................................... Amtsgericht(LocalCourt)
AJIL....................................... AmericanJournalofInternationalLaw(journal)
AK.......................................... Alternativkommentar
alt........................................... Alternative
AMG...................................... Arzneimittelgesetz(GermanActonMedicalProducts)
Am.J.Comp.L................... TheAmericanJournalofComparativeLaw(journal)
AO......................................... Abgabenordnung(GermanFiscalCode)
art........................................... article
AT.......................................... AllgemeinerTeil(GeneralPart)
AVR....................................... ArchivdesVo¨lkerrechts(journal)
AWG..................................... Außenwirtschaftsgesetz(GermanExternalTradeandPaymentsAct)
BAL........................................ bloodalcohollevel
BayObLG.............................. BayerischesOberstesLandesgericht(FormerBavarianSupremeCourt)
BGBl...................................... Bundesgesetzblatt(FederalLawGazette)
BGH....................................... Bundesgerichtshof(GermanFederalCourtofJustice)
BGHSt................................... SammlungderEntscheidungendesBundesgerichtshofsinStrafsachen
(DecisionsoftheFederalCourtofJusticeincriminalmatters)
BNatSchG............................. Bundesnaturschutzgesetz(FederalNatureConservationAct)
BRDrucks............................ Bundesratsdrucksache(Bundesratdocument)
BT.......................................... BesondererTeil(SpecialPart)
BTDrucks............................ Bundestagsdrucksache(Bundestagdocument)
BVerfG.................................. Bundesverfassungsgericht(FederalConstitutionalCourt)
BVerfGE............................... SammlungderEntscheidungendesBundesverfassungsgerichts(Decisions
oftheFederalConstitutionalCourt)
C.pe´n..................................... Codepe´nale(CriminalCodeofFrance)
C.pr.pe´n................................ Codeproce´durepe´nale(CriminalProcedureCodeofFrance)
CDPC.................................... CommitteeonCrimeProblems
CEN....................................... EuropeanCommitteeforStandardization
CENELEC............................ EuropeanCommitteeforElectrotechnicalStandardization
cf............................................. confer
CFR........................................ CharterofFundamentalRightsoftheEuropeanUnion
CFSP...................................... CommonForeignandSecurityPolicy
ch............................................ Chapter
Cic.......................................... Coded’instructioncriminelle(CriminalProcedureCodeofBelgium)
CISA...................................... ConventionimplementingtheSchengenAgreement
CJEU...................................... CourtofJusticeoftheEuropeanUnion(before1stDecember2009:
EuropeanCourtofJustice[ECJ])
CJEUSt.................................. StatuteoftheCourtofJusticeoftheEuropeanUnion(before1stDecember
2009:StatuteoftheEuropeanCourtofJustice[ECJSt])
cl............................................. Clause
CLF........................................ CriminalLawForum(journal)
CMLR.................................... CommonMarketLawReview(journal)
CoESt..................................... StatuteoftheCouncilofEurope
Colum.J.Transnat.L........ ColumbiaJournalofTransnationalLaw(journal)
COM...................................... DocumentsoftheEuropeanCommission
cont........................................ contested
CP.......................................... CodicePenale(CriminalCodeofItaly)
CR.......................................... ComputerundRecht(journal)
Crim.L.R............................... CriminalLawReport(journal)
d.o.......................................... dissentingopinion
Dir.......................................... Directive
DNA...................................... deoxyribonucleicacid
Doc........................................ Document
Do¨V....................................... Dieo¨ffentlicheVerwaltung(journal)
DRiZ...................................... DeutscheRichterzeitung(journal)
XV
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Glossary
dt............................................ deutsch(German)
DTCE................................... DraftTreatyestablishingaConstitutionforEurope
DVBl...................................... DeutschesVerwaltungsblatt(journal)
e.g.......................................... exempligratia
EC.......................................... EuropeanCommunity
ECCC.................................... ExtraordinaryChambersintheCourtsofCambodia
ECHR.................................... EuropeanConventiononHumanRights
ECJ......................................... EuropeanCourtofJustice(since1stDecember2009:CourtofJusticeofthe
EuropeanUnion[CJEU])
ECJSt..................................... StatuteoftheEuropeanCourtofJustice(since1stDecember2009:Statute
oftheCourtofJusticeoftheEuropeanUnion[CJEUSt])
ECN....................................... EuropeanCartelNetwork
ECPI...................................... EuropeanCriminalPolicyInitiative
ECR........................................ EuropeanCourtReport
ECSC..................................... EuropeanCoalandSteelCommunity
ECtHR................................... EuropeanCourtofHumanRights
ed./eds................................... editor/editors
edn......................................... edition
EEC........................................ EuropeanEconomicCommunity
EG.......................................... Europa¨ischeGemeinschaft(EuropeanCommunities)
EGC....................................... EuropeanGeneralCourt
EGStGB................................. Einfu¨hrungsgesetzzumStrafgesetzbuch
(IntroductoryActtotheGermanCriminalCode)
EGV....................................... VertragzurGru¨ndungderEuropa¨ischenGemeinschaft(TEC)
Einf........................................ Einfu¨hrung(introduction)
Einl......................................... Einleitung(introduction)
EJCCLCJ............................... EuropeanJournalofCrime,CriminalLawandCriminalJustice(journal)
EJIL........................................ EuropeanJournalofInternationalLaw(journal)
EJN......................................... EuropeanJudicialNetwork
ELOs...................................... EuropeanLiaisonOfficers
E.L.Rev............................... EuropeanLawReview(journal)
EMRK................................... Europa¨ischeMenschenrechtskonvention(ECHR)
etal........................................ etalia/alii/aliae
etseq./etseqq...................... etsequens/etsequentia
etc........................................... etcetera
EU.......................................... EuropeanUnion
EUBestG............................... EUBestechungsgesetz
EuCLR................................... EuropeanCriminalLawReview(journal)
eucrim................................... TheEuropeanCriminalLawAssociations’Forum(journal)
EuGRZ.................................. Europa¨ischeGrundrechteZeitschrift(journal)
EuHbG.................................. Europa¨ischesHaftbefehlsgesetz(GermanActontheImplemenationofthe
EuropeanArrestWarrant)
EuR........................................ Europarecht(journal)
EUR....................................... Euro
eur.......................................... European
Euratom................................ EuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity
EuratomTreaty................... TreatyEstablishingtheEuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity
Eurojust................................ Europeanauthorityforjudicialcooperation
Europol................................. EuropeanPoliceOffice
EUV....................................... VertragzurGru¨ndungderEuropa¨ischenUnion(TEU)
EuZW.................................... Europa¨ischeZeitschriftfu¨rWirtschaftsrecht(journal)
EVV....................................... Europa¨ischerVerfassungsvertrag(TCE)
EWCACrim........................ EnglandandWalesCourtofAppeal(CriminalDivision)
EWS....................................... Europa¨ischesWirtschafts undSteuerrecht(journal)
FAZ........................................ FrankfurterAllgemeineZeitung(journal)
FischEtikettG....................... Fischetikettierungsgesetz(GermanActontheLabellingofFish)
fn............................................ footnote
FordhamInt.L.J.................. FordhamInternationalLawJournal(journal)
FS........................................... Festschrift(celebratory/commemorativepublication)
FSB......................................... FederalSecurityServiceoftheRussianFederation
g.............................................. gram
GA.......................................... Goltdammer’sArchivfu¨rStrafrecht(journal)
XVI
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Glossary
GBA....................................... Generalbundesanwalt(schaft)(FederalProsecutorGeneral/Officeofthe
FederalProsecutorGeneral)
GDR....................................... GermanDemocraticRepublic
GG......................................... Grundgesetz(GermanBasicLaw)
GoJIL..................................... GoettingenJournalofInternationalLaw(journal)
GmbHR................................ GmbHRundschau(journal)
GrK........................................ GroßeKammer(GrandChamber)
GS........................................... Geda¨chtnisschrift(commemorativepublication)
GSSt....................................... GroßerSenatinStrafsachen(GrandPanelforCriminalMatters)
Harv.Int.L.J...................... HarvardInternationalLawJournal(journal)
HK......................................... Handkommentar
Hum.R.Rev........................ HumanRightsReview(journal)
HRRS..................................... Ho¨chstrichterlicheRechtsprechunginStrafsachen(journal)
HuVI.................................... Humanita¨resVo¨lkerrecht Informationsschriften(journal)
i.e........................................... idest
ICC........................................ InternationalCriminalCourt
ICCPR................................... InternationalCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights
ICJ.......................................... InternationalCourtofJustice
ICJRep................................. InternationalCourtofJusticeReports
ICJSt...................................... StatuteoftheInternationalCourtofJustice
ICLR...................................... InternationalCriminalLawReview(journal)
ICLQ...................................... TheInternationalandComparativeLawQuarterly(journal)
ICRC...................................... InternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross
ICTR...................................... InternationalCriminalTribunalforRwanda
ICTRStatute........................ StatuteoftheInternationalCriminalTribunalforRwanda
ICTY...................................... InternationalCriminalTribunalfortheformerYugoslavia
ICTYStatute........................ StatuteoftheInternationalCriminalTribunalfortheformerYugoslavia
id............................................ idem
IJHR....................................... InternationalJournalofHumanRights(journal)
ILC......................................... InternationalLawCommission
ILR......................................... InternationalLawReports(journal)
IMT........................................ InternationalMilitaryTribunal
IMTFE................................... InternationalMilitaryTribunalfortheFarEast
InDret.................................... RevistaparaelAna´lisisdelDerecho(journal)
int........................................... international
IntBestG................................ GesetzzurBeka¨mpfungderinternationalenBestechung(GermanActon
InternationalBribery)
IntVG.................................... Integrationsverantwortungsgesetz(GermanActontheExerciseofRespon
sibilityforIntegrationoftheBundestagandtheBundesratinMatters
ConcerningtheEuropeanUnion)
IRG........................................ Gesetzu¨berdieinternationaleRechtshilfeinStrafsachen(GermanActon
MutualLegalAssistance)
IRRC...................................... InternationalReviewoftheRedCross(journal)
IRSG...................................... SchweizerischesBundesgesetzu¨berinternationaleRechtshilfeinStrafsa
chen(SwissActonMutualJudicialAssistanceinCriminalMatters)
JA........................................... JuristischeArbeitsbla¨tter(journal)
JCE......................................... JointCriminalEnterprise
JCP......................................... JurisClasseurPe´riodique(journal)
J.East.Afr.S....................... JournalofEasternAfricanStudies(journal)
JECL...................................... JournalofEuropeanCriminalLaw(journal)
JHA........................................ JusticeandHomeAffairs
JICJ........................................ JournalofInternationalCriminalJustice(journal)
JK........................................... JuraKarteikarte(journal)
JR............................................ JuristischeRundschau(journal)
Jura........................................ JuristischeAusbildung(journal)
JuS.......................................... JuristischeSchulung(journal)
JYIL........................................ JapaneseYearbookofInternationalLaw(journal)
JZ............................................ Juristenzeitung(journal)
KritJ....................................... KritischeJustiz(journal)
KritV..................................... KritischeVierteljahresschriftfu¨rGesetzgebungundRechtswissenschaft
(journal)
LFGB..................................... Lebensmittel undFuttermittelgesetzbuch(GermanFoodstuffandAnimal
FeedingstuffCode)
XVII
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Glossary
LG.......................................... Landgericht(RegionalCourt)
lit............................................ litera
LJIL........................................ LeidenJournalofInternationalLaw(journal)
LK.......................................... LeipzigerKommentarzumStrafgesetzbuch
LOPJ...................................... LeyOrga´nicadelPoderJudicial(SpanishActontheOrganisationofthe
Judiciary)
LPICT.................................... TheLawandPracticeofInternationalCourtsandTribunals(journal)
MDR...................................... Monatsschriftfu¨rDeutschesRecht(journal)
MJECL.................................. MaastrichtJournalforEuropeanandComparativeLaw(journal)
MK......................................... Mu¨nchenerKommentarzumStrafgesetzbuch
mph....................................... milesperhour
n.v.......................................... newversion
NATO................................... NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization
NILR...................................... NetherlandsInternationalLawReview(journal)
NJ........................................... NeueJustiz(journal)
NJECL................................... NewJournalofEuropeanCriminalLaw(journal)
NJW....................................... NeueJuristischeWochenschrift(journal)
No(s)./no(s)......................... number(s)
NStZ...................................... NeueZeitschriftfu¨rStrafrecht(journal)
NStZRR............................... NeueZeitschriftfu¨rStrafrecht Rechtsprechungsreport(journal)
NVwZ.................................... NeueZeitschriftfu¨rVerwaltungsrecht(journal)
NZV....................................... NeueZeitschriftfu¨rVerkehrsrecht(journal)
o.v........................................... oldversion
O¨AnwBl................................ O¨sterreichischesAnwaltsblatt(journal)
OJ(EU/EC).......................... OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanUnion/Communities
OLAF..................................... EuropeanAntiFraudOffice
OLG....................................... Oberlandesgericht(HigherRegionalCourt)
ORIL...................................... OxfordReportsonInternationalLaw
OTP....................................... OfficeoftheProsecutor
p./pp...................................... page(s)
para./paras............................ paragraph/paragraphs
PCIJ....................................... PermanentCourtofInternationalJustice
PIF......................................... ConventionontheProtectionoftheEuropeanCommunities’Financial
Interests
PJCC...................................... PoliceandJudicialCooperationinCriminalMatters
Prot........................................ Protocol
PTA....................................... PreTrialChamber
RDP....................................... Revuededroitpe´naletdecriminologie(journal)
Reg......................................... Regulation
Res.......................................... Resolution
Rev.sc.Crim....................... Revuedesciencecriminelleetdedroitpe´nalcompare´(journal)
RGBl...................................... Reichsgesetzblatt(LawGazetteoftheGermanReich)
RiFlEtikettG......................... Rindfleischetikettierungsgesetz(GermanActontheLabellingofBeef)
RJD........................................ ReportsofJudgmentsandDecisions
RMC...................................... RevueduMarche´Commun(journal)
RomeStatute....................... RomeStatuteoftheInternationalCriminalCourt
RPE........................................ RulesofProcedureandEvidence
RStGB.................................... Reichsstrafgesetzbuch(CriminalCodeoftheGermanReich)
s.............................................. sentence
SCSL...................................... SpecialCourtforSierraLeone
SCSLSt................................... StatuteoftheSpecialCourtforSierraLeone
SEC........................................ SECDocument(EuropeanCommissiondocumentwhichcannotbeclas
sifiedinanotherseries)
sec.......................................... section(s)
sen.......................................... senior
StGB....................................... Strafgesetzbuch(GermanCriminalCode)
StGBAustria....................... O¨sterreichischesStrafgesetzbuch(CriminalCodeofAustria)
StGBSwitzerland................ SchweizerischesStrafgesetzbuch(CriminalCodeofSwitzerland)
STL......................................... SpecialTribunalforLebanon
StPO...................................... Strafprozessordnung(GermanCriminalProcedureCode)
StR.......................................... Strafrecht(CriminalLaw)
StraFo.................................... StrafverteidigerForum(journal)
StV......................................... Strafverteidiger(journal)
XVIII
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Glossary
StVG...................................... Straßenverkehrsgesetz(RoadTrafficAct)
subpara.................................. subparagraph
SVG....................................... SchweizerStraßenverkehrsgesetz(SwissRoadTrafficAct)
TC.......................................... TrialChamber
TCE........................................ TreatyestablishingaConstitutionforEurope
TEC........................................ TreatyestablishingtheEuropeanCommunity
TEU....................................... TreatyestablishingtheEuropeanUnion
TFEU..................................... TreatyontheFunctioningoftheEuropeanUnion
TFV........................................ TrustFundforVictims
UCLAF.................................. Unite´deCoordinationpourlaLutteAntiFraude(TaskForceforthe
CoordinationofFraudPrevention)
UK.......................................... UnitedKingdom
UN......................................... UnitedNations
UNTS.................................... UnitedNationsTreatySeries
US(A).................................... UnitedStates(ofAmerica)
U.S.C..................................... CodeofLawsoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica
UtrechtL.Rev..................... UtrechtLawReview(journal)
VCLT..................................... ViennaConventionontheLawofTreaties
vol./vols................................. volume/volumes
VPRS..................................... VictimsParticipationandReparationsSection
v.............................................. versus
VStGB................................... Vo¨lkerstrafgesetzbuch(GermanCodeofCrimesagainstInternationalLaw)
WCC...................................... WarCrimesChamber(inBosniaHerzegovina)
wistra..................................... Zeitschriftfu¨rWirtschafts undSteuerstrafrecht(journal)
WiVerw................................ WirtschaftundVerwaltung(journal)
WuW..................................... WirtschaftundWettbewerb Zeitschriftfu¨rdeutschesundeuropa¨isches
Wettbewerbsrecht(journal)
Zao¨RV................................... Zeitschriftfu¨rausla¨ndischeso¨ffentlichesRechtundVo¨lkerrecht(journal)
ZEuS...................................... Zeitschriftfu¨rEuroparechtlicheStudien(journal)
ZIS.......................................... Zeitschriftfu¨rInternationaleStrafrechtsdogmatik(journal)
ZP........................................... Zusatzprotokoll(additionalprotocol)
ZRP........................................ Zeitschriftfu¨rRechtspolitik(journal)
ZStW..................................... Zeitschriftfu¨rdiegesamteStrafrechtswissenschaft(journal)
ZZP........................................ Zeitschriftfu¨rZivilprozess(journal)
XIX
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