Interior Design Handbook of Professional Practice PDF
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Handbook of Professional Practice This page intentionally left blank. Handbook of Professional Practice CINDY COLEMAN, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF McGraw-Hill New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-141603-X The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-136163-4. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. 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If you’d like more information about this book, its author, or related books and websites, please click here. “The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.” –ELEANOR ROOSEVELT FoF r more information aobut this book, click here. VIII PREFACE Mark Strauss,Publisher,Interior Design Magazine XII INTRODUCTION Cindy Coleman,Editor-in-Chief BACKGROUND PART 4 GROWING A PROFESSION Edward C.Friedrichs,FAIA,FIIDA 26 HISTORY OF THE PROFESSION Cindy Coleman 48 INTELLIGENT INTERIORS William J.Mitchell 62 THE PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION James P.Cramer,Hon.AIA,Hon.IIDA 80 THE REGULATORY ORGANIZATION Beth Harmon-Vaughan,FIIDA 92 THE CULTURE OF DESIGN EDUCATION Linda and Mark Keane 126 OPPORTUNITY FOR CHANGE: DESIGN IN THE NEW ECONOMY Karen Stephenson,Ph.D. with Neil P.Frankel,FAIA,FIIDA STRATEGY PART 144 HUMAN RESOURCES Paul Doherty,AIA 160 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Gary E.Wheeler,FASID,FIIDA,AIA 172 MARKETING: POSITION AND IDENTITY Lisbeth Quebe,FSMPS 190 TEAM DYNAMICS Jon R.Katzenbach,Traci A.Entel and Karen Mahony 216 VIRTUAL TEAMS Jessica Lipnack and Jeffrey Stamps,Ph.D. 226 INVESTMENT IN KNOWLEDGE Jan Johnson,IIDA 246 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY William J.Mitchell PRACTICE PART 266 STRATEGIC PRACTICES Dr.Francis Duffy,RIBA 284 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN William Odell,AIA 322 DESIGN RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY Judith Heerwagen,Ph.D. 352 GLOBAL PRACTICE Dr.Francis Duffy,RIBA 366 SPECIALTY PRACTICES Cheryl Duvall,FIIDA 434 THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT Barry B.LePatner,Esq.and David J.Pfeffer,Esq. 462 LEGISLATION Derrell Parker,IIDA Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 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PROCESS PART 482 SCOPE OF SERVICE CHART Eva Maddox,FIIDA 492 POSITIONING: SEEKING AND SECURING WORK Lisbeth Quebe,FSMPS 512 PREDESIGN SERVICES Sharon Turner 526 PROGRAMMING FOR CHANGE Pamela Anderson-Brulé,AIA 538 PROGRAMMING: STRATEGIC PLANNING Debra Lehman-Smith,IIDA 550 PROGRAMMING: SHARED VISION Andre Staffelbach,FASID,FIIDA and Jo Heinz,FIIDA 560 SCHEMATIC DESIGN: COMMUNICATING THE DESIGN SPIRIT Orlando Diaz-Azcuy 568 SCHEMATIC DESIGN: LIMITLESS POSSIBILITY Michael Byun,Travis Clifton and David Grout 582 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT: DESIGNING THE PROJECT Stuart Cohen,AIA 592 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT: THE REALITY Tamara Dinsmore 602 CONTRACT DOCUMENTATION: CLARITY OF THE DRAWINGS James D.Carter,AIA,IIDA,IFMA 612 CONTRACT DOCUMENTATION: INTEGRATING INTERIORS AND ARCHITECTURE Daria Pizzetta,AIA 624 CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION: THE DIFFERENT SOLUTION Kevin Walz 636 CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION: GETTING STARTED Gregory Switzer,AIA,NCARB with Robert T.Sutter,AIA,NCARB MANAGEMENT PART 762 GOALS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT Kathy Rogers 702 MANAGING THE INTERNAL DESIGN TEAM Eric Wagner 710 MANAGING THE CONSULTANT RELATIONSHIP Richard J.Jantz 720 MANAGING THE CLIENT RELATIONSHIP Frederick J.Schmidt,Joseph T.Connell,IIDA and Gina A.Berndt 750 GAUGING A SUCCESSFUL DESIGN The Editors at Interior Design 764 Acknowledgments 766 List of Contributors with Biographies 774 Index VIII INTERIOR DESIGN HANDBOOK OF PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE PREFACE MarkStrauss,Publisher,Interior Design Magazine “This is the era of design.” Themass media proclaimed theaboveas thenewmillennium began. Acad- emics and professionals have been holding conferences about it fora while now. Designers themselves have insisted on it all along. But what, exactly, does that statement mean? Aproliferation of hip hotels and award-winning potato peelers do not an era make. Because those of us who are part of the design profession are optimists, always on the lookout for howwe can make our environment better,we’re eagerto claim that the twenty-first century is, at last, the era of design, the timewhen design—and designers—havecomeinto theirown and taken power as a cultural force. But do we agree aboutwhat design is? To be sure,each designerhas a uniquevision and works in a unique way. Yet,we’re all part of one profession, and being a professional of any kind acknowledges that there is a common ground shared by its practitioners. Do designers know the coordinates and parameters of their profession? Do they realize what theymustlearn if theyareto besuccessful designers in thetwenty-firstcen- tury? More important still, as professionals, do designers know what it means to do design? “The New American Professional: Distinctive (towering) competence.” In The Circle of Innovation,Tom Peters refers to the NewAmerican Profes- sional (NAP)as a “whitecollarprofessional . . . whosecreativity/organization effectiveness is barelymentioned in the pages of business and management books.”Fordesigners,thatphraseshould strikea responsivechord. Pickup a best-selling business book and if it does, in fact, contain a reference to the workof designers,thereferenceis peripheral atbest. This,in part,is whythis book needed to be written. Whatever specialty designers work in, whether they’reseasoned professionals orrelativelynewto theircareers,theyneed a single written source of best practices and benchmarks for excellence. The identification of this need was theimpetus behind theInteriorDesign Hand- book of Professional Practice,a jointventure between McGraw-Hill and Inte- riorDesign magazine. Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click here for terms of use. IX PREFACE Traditionally, the question at the forefront of designers’ minds has been “Whatdo clients want?”The Interior Design Handbook of Professional Prac- tice asks—and answers—another question altogether: “What do designers need?”This is a booknot only forthe present, but also forthe future. It is prospective. It assumes that,yes,this is the era of design. And it becomes a tool for designers to be better prepared to sustain the profession of design and carryit forward. “Work is not where you are. It’s what you do.” Thesewords,from themanagerof thereal estateprogram ata global consult- ing and technologyfirm,sum up howbusiness leaders perceivetheworkplace as thetwenty-firstcenturybegins. Theyapplyto thedesigner’s workplaceas well. Although theclientmaybein Copenhagen and thedesignerin Maine, communication happens,design is implemented,workgets done. Once-nar- rowprofessional boundaries havestretched to span thecircumferenceof the globe. In design,as in all slices of life,theglobe—and,atthesametime,theindi- vidual—is theplaceto be. It’s wherethings areand wherethey’ll stayforthe foreseeablefuture. Globalization is onlyone of the challenges grappling the design profession. It is wise to expect and prepare forchallenges from all directions,including the economy, the physical and social environment, and academia. Today, design transcends aesthetics. Through access alone,designers are in a posi- tion to provide leadership in the realization of the NewWorld. Ourdailylifereflects an unsettled time. Groups of people,as well as organ- izations and nations, seek new leaders, with new definitions of leadership. Designers muststep up and take theirplaces in the frontranks. Individuals and organizations everywherearein transition,adapting to an economythat looks much different than it did even a decade ago. In the old economy, products were, forthe most part, tangible. Now, expectations shift continu- ally. The new economy values new information and new perspectives, an intangibleproduct,thatseem and feel verydifferentto us,thatrequireus to experience new levels of perception, that put demands on our sensibilities. Now,and apparentlyforever,individuals and businesses wanthigherquality and better, faster performance from their environments, from service pro- viders, from their tools and toys, from anyone, anyplace, or anything that affects theindividual. On this competitivestage,high qualityis still thegoal but speed is gaining on it forfirst place.
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