Integrative Observations and Assessments

429 Pages·2014·13.003 MB·English

by  Shin-ichi Nakano, Tetsukazu Yahara, Tohru Nakashizuka (eds.)

Ecological Research Monographs

Shin-ichi Nakano · Tetsukazu Yahara
Tohru Nakashizuka Editors
Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network
Integrative Observations
and Assessments
Ecological Research Monographs
SeriesEditor:YohIwasa
For furthervolumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/8852

Shin-ichi Nakano (cid:129) Tetsukazu Yahara
Tohru Nakashizuka
Editors
Integrative Observations
and Assessments
Editors
Shin-ichiNakano TetsukazuYahara
CenterforEcologicalResearch DepartmentofBiologyCenterforAsian
KyotoUniversity ConservationEcology
Otsu,Shiga,Japan KyushuUniversity
Fukuoka,Japan
TohruNakashizuka
GraduateSchoolofLifeSciences
TohokuUniversity
Sendai,Miyagi,Japan
ISSN2191-0707 ISSN2191-0715(electronic)
ISBN978-4-431-54782-2 ISBN978-4-431-54783-9(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-4-431-54783-9
SpringerTokyoHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
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Coverillustration:Frontcover:Arachnotheralongirostra,littlespiderhunter,pollinatingtorchgingerin
Borneo(photobyShokoSakai).Backcover:Left:Oecophyllasmaragdina,weaverants,inaparkinglot
in Palembang, Indonesia (photo by Shin-ichi Nakano). Center: Hydrangea macrophylla (Japanese:
ajisai), along a path in Otsu, Shiga, Japan (photo by Shin-ichi Nakano). Right: A fish tank in a
restaurantnearLakeTaihu,China(photobyShin-ichiNakano).
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Preface
It has been commonly accepted that biological diversity is important as a natural
resource and for the functioning of the ecosystem that provides us with benefits
essential for human well-being. However, biodiversity loss is continuing on both
regional and global scales. To change this trend, the Convention on Biological
DiversityatCOP10hasadoptedthenewStrategicPlanforBiodiversity,including
theAichiBiodiversityTargetsforthe2011–2020period.AmongtheAichiBiodi-
versityTargets,no.19states,“By2020,knowledge,thesciencebaseandtechnol-
ogies relating to biodiversity, its values, functioning, status and trends, and the
consequencesofitsloss,areimproved,widelysharedandtransferred,andapplied.”
To achieve this target, promotion of biodiversity observations including develop-
mentofnewtechnologiesisneeded.
In March 2012, to provide a quantum step forward in advancing science that
optimizesthesynergybetweendevelopmentandbiodiversityconservationinAsia,
we published the book The Biodiversity Observation Network in the Asia-Pacific
Region:TowardFurtherDevelopmentofMonitoring.Inthatbook,weprovidedan
overviewofbiodiversityobservationstudiesnoworganizedundertheAsia-Pacific
BiodiversityObservationNetwork(AP-BON).
Here,wearepublishingthesecondvolumefromAP-BONandhavedecidedto
launchanewbookseriestitledAsia-PacificBiodiversityObservationNetworkasa
subseries in Ecological Research Monographs. Using this series, we will advance
knowledge, the science base, and technology relating to biodiversity of the Asia-
PacificRegionandtherebycontributetotheachievementoftheAichiBiodiversity
Targetsby2020.
In the present book, we have collected papers that review the challenges of
studying the spatial variability of biodiversity and ecosystems in the Asia-Pacific
region. A special focus is on reviews of advances in concepts and methods of
biodiversityobservationincludingubiquitousgenotyping,systematicconservation,
monitoring of the function andservices of ecosystems, and biodiversityinformat-
ics.Togetherwithnewlydevelopedconceptsandmethodologies,thecontributions
of the present book will lead to the establishment of integrative observations and
assessmentsofAsianbiodiversity,whichareunquestionablyrequiredforreporting
v
vi Preface
the status of biodiversity in this region and for contributing to its effective
conservationandsustainableuse.
WeareverygratefultotheMinistryoftheEnvironmentofJapanforproviding
administrative and financial support. We would also like to thank the authors for
theircontributions,theeditorsofindividualpartsofthebook—TadashiMiyashita,
Hidenori Tachida, Hiroya Yamano, and Hiroyuki Yamamoto—for their construc-
tive criticism of the manuscripts, the Secretariat of DIVERSITAS of the Western
PacificandAsia(DIWPA)forformattingthesubmittedmanuscripts,andSpringer
Japanfortheirpatienceinpublishingourdelayededitionofthisbook.
Otsu,Shiga,Japan Shin-ichiNakano
Fukuoka,Japan TetsukazuYahara
Sendai,Miyagi,Japan TohruNakashizuka
Contents
PartI GeneralIntroduction:PerspectivesonSpatial
VariabilityWithinanEcosystemandInterdependence
BetweenVariousEcosystems
1 DevelopingaRegionalNetworkofBiodiversity
ObservationintheAsia-PacificRegion:Achievements
andChallengesofAPBON. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
TetsukazuYahara,KepingMa,DedyDarnaedi,
TadashiMiyashita,AkioTakenaka,HidenoriTachida,
TohruNakashizuka,Eun-ShikKim,NorikoTakamura,
Shin-ichiNakano,YoshihisaShirayama,HiroyukiYamamoto,
andSheilaG.Vergara
2 EffectsofEcosystemDiversityonSpeciesRichness
andEcosystemFunctioningandServices:AGeneral
Conceptualization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
TadashiMiyashita,TatsuyaAmano,andTakehisaYamakita
PartII StatusQuoofBiodiversityMonitoring
3 MonitoringBreedingBirdPopulationsinTaiwan. . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Chie-JenKo,Meng-WenFan,Ruey-ShingLin,
Chien-ChungCheng,andPei-FenLee
4 CurrentStatusoftheNationalCoralDatabaseinJapan:
DatasetDevelopment,Applications,andFutureDirections. . . . . . 65
HiroyaYamano,ChukiHongo,KaoruSugihara,
YumikoYara,YushinNakao,andMasahikoFujii
5 DevelopmentofaLarge-Scale,Long-TermCoralCover
andDisturbanceDatabaseinthePhilippines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
EvangelineT.Magdaong,HiroyaYamano,andMasahikoFujii
vii
viii Contents
6 ZooxanthellateScleractinianCoralsofJejuIsland,
RepublicofKorea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
KaoruSugihara,HiroyaYamano,Kwang-SikChoi,
andKiseongHyeong
7 LandscapeMosaicnessintheOcean:ItsSignificance
forBiodiversityPatternsinBenthicOrganismsandFish. . . . . . . . 131
TakehisaYamakitaandTadashiMiyashita
PartIII HistoricalChangesinBiodiversityandChallenges
forBiodiversityConservation
8 Long-TermandSpatialVariationintheDiversity
ofLittoralBenthicMacroinvertebrateFauna
inLakeBiwa,Japan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Jun-yaShibata,Zin’ichiKarube,YoichirouSakai,
TomohiroTakeyama,IchiroTayasu,ShigeoYachi,
Shin-ichiNakano,andNoboruOkuda
9 ResearchontheBiodiversityoftheSeasSurroundingMalaysia. . . . 167
ZulfigarYasin,Shau-HwaiAileenTAN,andYoshihisaShirayama
PartIV AdvancedConceptsandMethodsofIntegrated
BiodiversityMonitoring
10 DevelopmentofaNationalLand-Use/CoverDataset
toEstimateBiodiversityandEcosystemServices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
MunemitsuAkasaka,AkioTakenaka,FumikoIshihama,
TakuKadoya,MifuyuOgawa,TakeshiOsawa,
TakehisaYamakita,ShuichiroTagane,ReiichiroIshii,
ShinNagai,HisatomoTaki,TakumiAkasaka,HiroyukiOguma,
ToruSuzuki,andHiroyaYamano
11 LandCoverClassificationUsingMulti-Temporal
SatelliteImagesinaSubtropicalRegion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
MitsunoriIshihara,HitoshiHasegawa,SeijiHayashi,
andHiroyaYamano
12 ImperviousSurfaceAreaasanIndicatorforEvaluating
DrainageBasins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
BunkeiMatsushita,FanYang,andTakehikoFukushima
13 BiodiversityofKargilColdDesertintheLadakhHimalaya. . . . . . 253
M.D.Behera,S.Matin,andP.S.Roy
14 WaterCirculationinaFringingReefandImplications
forCoralDistributionandResilience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
HiroyaYamano,HiroshiHata,ToshihiroMiyajima,KenNozaki,
KenKato,AkiraNegishi,MasayukiTamura,andHajimeKayanne
Contents ix
15 AnIntegratedIndicatorofBiodiversityinAgriculturalPonds:
DefinitionandValidation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
ShinyaIshida,TakuKadoya,andNorikoTakamura
16 UbiquitousGenotypingforConservationofEndangered
PlantSpecies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
YujiIsagiandShingoKaneko
17 Eco-EvolutionaryGenomicObservationforLocal
andGlobalEnvironmentalChanges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Shin-IchiMorinaga,TakayaIwasaki,andYoshihisaSuyama
PartV EcosystemServiceandSocioeconomicAspects
withSpecialReferencetoBiodiversity
18 MonitoringChangesinEcosystemServices
WithinaForestEcosystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
KimikoOkabeandHisatomoTaki
19 EvaluatingRelationshipsBetweenBiodiversity
andEcosystemFunctionsinForestsUsingForest
InventoryandAllometryData. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
MasaeI.Ishihara,HajimeUtsugi,HiroyukiTanouchi,
andTsutomHiura
20 RegionalComparisonoftheEcosystemServices
fromSeagrassBedsinAsia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
MasahiroNakaoka,Kun-SeopLee,XiaopingHuang,
TutuAlmonte,JaparSidikBujang,WawanKiswara,
RohaniAmbo-Rappe,SitiMaryamYaakub,M.P.Prabhakaran,
M.K.AbuHena,MasakazuHori,PeidongZhang,
AnchanaPrathep,andMiguelD.Fortes
21 EnvironmentalDisclosureinJapaneseWood-Related
Companiesfor2005and2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
RyoKohsaka,SatoshiTachibana,andMariIwata
22 GreeningtheCitieswithBiodiversityIndicators:
ExperienceandChallengesfromJapaneseCitieswithCBI. . . . . . 409
RyoKohsakaandShigefumiOkumura
Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425