Integrated Pest Management in Indian Agriculture

279 Pages·2004·1.21 MB·English

PROCEEDINGS 11
HkkÏvuqi
ICAR
Integrated Pest Management
in
Indian Agriculture
Editors
Pratap S. Birthal
O. P. Sharma
NATIONAL CENTRE FOR AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND
POLICY RESEARCH (NCAP), NEW DELHI, INDIA
NATIONAL CENTRE FOR INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (NCIPM)
NEW DELHI, INDIA
NCAP Publication Committee
S. Selvarajan
B. C. Barah
Suresh Pal
Rasheed Sulaiman, V.
P. Adhiguru
NCAP has been established by the Indian Council of Agricultural
Research (ICAR) with a view to upgrading agricultural economics
research through integration of economic input in planning, designing,
and evaluation of agricultural research programs and strengthening the
competence in agricultural policy analysis within the Council. The Centre
is assigned a leadership role in this area not only for various ICAR
Institutes but also for the State Agricultural Universities. With a view to
making agricultural research a more effective instrument for agricultural
and rural change and strengthening the policy making and planning
machinery, the Centre undertakes and sponsors research in agricultural
economics relating to the problems of regional and national importance.
Integrated Pest Management in
Indian Agriculture
Editors
Pratap S. Birthal
O. P. Sharma
Proceedings 11
NATIONAL CENTRE FOR NATIONAL CENTRE FOR
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
AND POLICY RESEARCH (NCAP) (NCIPM)
NEW DELHI, INDIA NEW DELHI, INDIA
Proceedings 11
Integrated Pest Management in Indian Agriculture
Edited by
Pratap S. Birthal, O. P. Sharma
Published
January 2004
Published by
Dr Mruthyunjaya
Director, NCAP
Printed at
Chandu Press
D-97, Shakarpur
Delhi - 110 092
Pratap S. Birthal is Senior Scientist at NCAP, New Delhi and O. P. Sharma
is Senior Scientist at NCIPM, New Delhi.
Contents
Foreword v
Acknowledgements vii
1. Integrated Pest Management in Indian Agriculture: 1
An Overview
Pratap S. Birthal
2. Integrated Pest Management for Sustainable Agriculture 11
Amerika Singh and O.P. Sharma
3. Integrated Pest Management in Rice in India: 25
Status and Prospects
I.C. Pasalu, B. Mishra, N.V. Krishnaiah
and Gururaj Katti
4. Integrated Pest Management Techniques for 51
Rainfed Rice Ecologies
B.N. Singh and S. Sasmal
5. Integrated Pest Management in Basmati Rice 65
D.K. Garg and R.N. Singh
6. Integrated Management of Groundnut Diseases in India 77
S. Pande, J. Narayana Rao and M.I. Ahmed
7. Integrated Pest Management in Vegetable Crops 95
P.N. Krishna Moorthy and N.K. Krishna Kumar
8. Integrated Pest Management in Chickpea and Pigeonpea 109
Vishwa Dhar and R. Ahmad
i
9. Integrated Pest Management in Rainfed Cotton 119
O.P. Sharma, O.M. Bambawale, R.C. Lavekar
and A. Dhandapani
10. Economic Evaluation of Pest Management 129
Technologies in Cotton
Pratap S. Birthal
11. Economics of Integrated Pest Management in Rice and 145
Cotton in Punjab
R.P.S. Malik
12. Adoption and Impact of Integrated Pest Management in 161
Important Crops in Haryana
K.R. Choudhary
13. Economics of Integrated Pest Management in 175
Major Crops of Andhra Pradesh
A.K. Dixit and K.N. Rai
14. Economics of Integrated Pest Management in 185
Paddy in Bihar
Amalendu Kumar
15. Farmers’ Perceptions, Knowledge and Practices 195
Related to Rice IPM – A Case Study
Gururaj Katti, I.C. Pasalu, P.R.M. Rao,
N.R.G. Varma and K. Krishnaiah
16. Promotion of IPM: Efforts and Experiences of 207
Private Sector
C. S. Pawar and A.S. Indulkar
17. Accelerating Adoption of IPM through Collective Action 215
Pratap S. Birthal
ii
18. Socio-Economic, Environmental and Institutional 227
Aspects in IPM Adoption
A. Pouchepparadjou, P. Kumaravelu, S. Selvam
and P. Nasurudeen
19. Infrastructure Incentives and Progress of 237
Integrated Pest Management In India
A.D. Pawar and M.P. Misra
20. The Future of Integrated Pest Management in India 261
O.P. Dubey and O.P. Sharma
iii

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Agricultural production in India increased dramatically during the last four
decades, leading to an era of food self-sufficiency. The remarkable growth
was achieved through the uptake of newer technologies in the form of high
yielding crop varieties, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as from
the expansion of cropped area. Nevertheless, the growth in agricultural
production needs to be sustained to meet the food demand of ever increasing
population. Since the prospects for bringing additional land under cultivation
are limited, growth in agricultural production has to come from productivity
increases. In other words, technology will be a key to future growth of
agriculture.
Insect pests, diseases and weeds inflict enormous losses to the potential
agricultural production. Anecdotal evidences also indicate rise in the losses,
despite increasing use of chemical pesticides. At the same time, there is a
rising public concern about the potential adverse effects of chemical
pesticides on the human health, environment and biodiversity. These
negative externalities, though, cannot be eliminated altogether, their intensity
can be minimized through development, dissemination and promotion of
alternative technologies such as biopesticides and bioagents as well as
good agronomic practices rather relying solely on chemical pesticides.
India has a vast flora and fauna that have the potential for developing into
commercial technologies.
Plant protection research has generated many technologies using flora
and fauna. A few have been standardized for commercial application,
and are claimed to provide better pest control and crop economics than
the conventional chemical control, when used in conjunction with other
pest control measures. The strategy is often referred to as ‘Integrated
Pest Management’. Nevertheless, the adoption of biopesticides and
bioagents remains extremely low owing to a number of factors relating
to technology, socio-economic, institutional and policy. The papers
presented in this volume examine these factors, and suggest measures
v
for large-scale adoption of these technologies. We hope this volume will
be of immense use to the policymakers, researchers, administrators and
farmers.
Mruthyunjaya Amerika Singh
Director Director
National Centre for Agricultural National Centre for
Economics and Policy Research Integrated Pest Management
New Delhi New Delhi
vi