Integrated Management of Diseases and Insect Pests of Tree Fruit PDF
Preview Integrated Management of Diseases and Insect Pests of Tree Fruit
.d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL g n ih s ilb u P e cn e icS sd d o D h g ie lru B .9 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:32:11. Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL g n ih silb u P e cn e icS sd d o D h g ie lru B .9 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:35:05. It is widely recognised that agriculture is a significant contributor to global warming and climate change. Agriculture needs to reduce its environmental impact and adapt to current climate change whilst still feeding a growing population, i.e. become more ‘climate-smart’. 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Related titles: Achieving sustainable cultivation of apples Print (ISBN 978-1-78676-032-6) Online (ISBN 978-1-78676-034-0; 978-1-78676-035-7) Achieving sustainable cultivation of temperate zone tree fruits and berries Volume 1: Physiology, genetics and cultivation Print (ISBN 978-1-78676-208-5) Online (ISBN 978-1-78676-210-8; 978-1-78676-211-5) Achieving sustainable cultivation of temperate zone tree fruits and berries Volume 2: Case studies .d evre Print (ISBN 978-1-78676-212-2) Online (ISBN 978-1-78676-214-6; 978-1-78676-215-3) se r sth Integrated management of insect pests: Current and future developments gir llA Print (ISBN 978-1-78676-260-3) Online (ISBN 978-1-78676-262-7; 978-1-78676-263-4) .d e Chapters are available individually from our online bookshop: tim iL https://shop.bdspublishing.com g n ih silb u P e cn e icS sd d o D h g ie lru B .9 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:35:05. BURLEIGH DODDS SERIES IN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE NUMBER 68 Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit Edited by Professor Xiangming Xu and Dr Michelle Fountain, NIAB EMR, UK .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL g n ih s ilb u P e cn e icS sd d o D h g ie lru B .9 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:35:05. Published by Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited 82 High Street, Sawston, Cambridge CB22 3HJ, UK www.bdspublishing.com Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 1518 Walnut Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19102-3406, USA First published 2019 by Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited © Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2019, except the following: Chapter 16 was prepared by a U. S. Department of Agriculture employee as part of their official duties and is therefore in the public domain. All rights reserved. This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission and sources are indicated. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information but the authors and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials. Neither the authors nor the publisher, nor anyone else associated with this publication shall be liable for any loss, damage or liability directly or indirectly caused or alleged to be caused by this book. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. 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Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and explanation, without intent to infringe. .d e Notice vre No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property ser sth amse at hmoadtste, pr roofd purcotds,u icnts ltiraubcitliiotyn, sn eogr liidgeeansc ceo onrt aoitnheedrw inis teh, eo mr farotemri aaln hye urseein o.r operation of any g ir llA .d Library of Congress Control Number: 2019945949 e timiL British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data gn A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ih s ilbu ISBN 978-1-78676-256-6 (Print) P e ISBN 978-1-78676-259-7 (PDF) cne ISBN 978-1-78676-258-0 (ePub) icS ISSN 2059-6936 (print) sd ISSN 2059-6944 (online) d o D hg DOI 10.19103/AS.2019.0046 ie lru B .9 Typeset by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:39:27. Contents Series list xiii Introduction xviii Part 1 Fruit diseases 1 Epidemiology and management of apple scab 3 Tom Passey and Xiangming Xu, NIAB EMR, UK 1 Introduction 3 2 Apple scab epidemiology 5 3 Host resistance 7 4 Managing scab 8 5 Future trends 13 6 Where to look for further information 14 7 References 14 2 Powdery mildew: biology, epidemiology, and management .de of Podosphaera spp. of tree fruit 21 vrese A. Amiri and L. Gañán, Washington State University, USA r sth g 1 Introduction 21 ir llA .d 2 Hosts and speciation 22 e tim 3 Life cycle and epidemiology 23 iL g 4 Cultivar susceptibility and host-pathogen interactions 26 n ihs 5 Conventional and organic control 29 ilb uP 6 Future trends and conclusion 32 e cn 7 Where to look for further information 33 e icS sd 8 References 33 d oD 3 Apple replant disease: causes and management 39 h gie Zhiquan Mao and Yanfang Wang, Shandong Agricultural lru B University, China .9 1 0 2 © 1 Introduction 39 thg 2 Causes of ARD 40 irypo 3 Management of ARD 43 C © Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited, 2019. All rights reserved. Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:39:27. vi Contents 4 Problems to be resolved 47 5 Future trends and conclusion 48 6 Acknowledgements 49 7 Where to look for further information 49 8 References 49 4 Fungal diseases of fruit: apple cankers in Europe 59 Robert Saville and Leone Olivieri, NIAB EMR, UK 1 Introduction 59 2 Apple growing 62 3 Description of symptoms 63 4 Epidemiology 65 5 Identifying host resistance and pathogen virulence factors 70 6 Integrated canker control 71 7 Future trends 75 8 References 77 5 Fungal diseases of fruit: apple canker in Asia 85 Baohua Li, Qingdao Agricultural University, China 1 Introduction 85 2 The pathogen 86 3 Biology of V. mali 88 4 Epidemiology of apple valsa canker 90 5 Infection process of V. mali 93 6 Pathogenesis of V. mali 95 7 Resistance to V. mali 96 .de 8 Control strategies against apple valsa canker 97 vre se 9 Conclusion 99 r sth 10 Where to look for further information 99 g ir llA 11 References 100 .d etim 6 Brown rot: causes, detection and control of Monilinia spp. iL g affecting tree fruit 103 n ihsilb Imre Holb, University of Debrecen and Hungarian uP Academy of Sciences, Hungary e cn eicS 1 Introduction 103 sd 2 Yield loss and impact on crops 103 d o D 3 Causal organisms of brown rot 104 h g ie 4 Major fruit hosts and host resistance to brown rot 105 lru B .9 5 Symptoms 109 1 02 6 Identification and detection 113 © th 7 Disease cycle and epidemiology 115 g iryp 8 Disease warning for brown rot 120 o C © Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited, 2019. All rights reserved. Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:39:27. Contents vii 9 Implications for prevention and brown rot management 121 10 Conclusion and future trends 134 11 Acknowledgements 135 12 Where to look for further information 135 13 References 135 7 Apple mosaic virus: biology, epidemiology and detection 151 Karel Petrzik, Biology Centre CAS, Czech Republic 1 Introduction 151 2 Feature of the genome 153 3 Host range of ApMV 159 4 Symptoms 161 5 Transmission and vectors 164 6 Epidemiology and geographical distribution 165 7 Economic impact 167 8 Curation 168 9 Detection techniques 169 10 Summary and future trends 172 11 Where to look for further information 173 12 References 173 8 Plum pox virus: detection and management 179 Manuel Rubio, Federico Dicenta and Pedro Martínez-Gómez, CEBAS-CSIC, Spain 1 Introduction 179 2 Case study: the Plum pox virus 180 .de 3 PPV detection 183 vre se 4 Sharka symptoms and transmission 185 r sth 5 Sharka orchard management 187 g ir llA 6 PPV control for sustainable cultivation 188 .de 7 Genetic and molecular basis of PPV resistance in Prunus 190 tim iL 8 Future trends and conclusion 193 g nih 9 Acknowledgements 194 silbu 10 Where to look for further information 194 P ecn 11 References 194 e icS sd Part 2 Integrated fruit disease management d o D hg 9 Disease monitoring and decision making in integrated fruit ie lru disease management 201 B .9 Angela Berrie, NIAB EMR, UK 1 0 2 © th 1 Introduction 201 g iryp 2 General considerations 202 o C © Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited, 2019. All rights reserved. Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:39:27. viii Contents 3 Apple disease examples 209 4 Conclusion and future trends 230 5 Where to look for further information 231 6 References 231 10 Breeding fruit cultivars with durable disease resistance 233 Vincent G. M. Bus and Joanna K. Bowen, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, New Zealand; Andrea Patocchi, Agroscope, Switzerland; Giovanni A. L. Broggini, ETH Zürich, Switzerland; Satish Kumar, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, New Zealand; and François N. D. Laurens, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, France 1 Introduction 233 2 Pathways to durable resistance 235 3 Resistance breeding targets 245 4 Application of breeding tools 247 5 Conclusion and future trends 255 6 Where to look for further information 256 7 References 256 11 Improving plant propagation methods for fruit disease control 275 Ioannis Tzanetakis, University of Arkansas, USA; and Robert Martin, USDA-ARS, USA 1 Introduction 275 2 Steps taken to improve propagation material 276 .de 3 Case studies 281 vre se 4 Summary 283 r sth 5 Future trends 283 g ir llA 6 Where to look for further information 284 .de 7 References 285 tim iL g 12 Improving fungicide use in integrated fruit disease management 289 n ihsilb Mengjun Hu, University of Maryland, USA u P e 1 Introduction 289 cn eicS 2 Evolution of fungicide resistance 291 sd 3 Monitoring of fungicide resistance 293 d o D 4 Importance of species identification 298 h g ie 5 Adoption of decision-support tools to improve fungicide efficacy 300 lru B .9 6 Future trends and conclusion 303 1 02 7 Where to look for further information 305 © th 8 References 305 g iryp o C © Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited, 2019. All rights reserved. Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:39:27. Contents ix 13 Use of biocontrol agents in fruit tree disease management 311 Jürgen Köhl, Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands 1 Introduction 311 2 Case study: strategies for biocontrol of apple scab – Venturia inaequalis 314 3 Biocontrol of fruit tree diseases: current status 318 4 Use of biocontrol in orchards 326 5 Future trends 328 6 Where to look for further information 329 7 References 330 14 New techniques for managing post-harvest diseases of fruit: physical, chemical and biological agents 337 Simona Marianna Sanzani and Antonio Ippolito, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy 1 Introduction 337 2 Physical agents 338 3 Chemical agents 340 4 Biological agents 342 5 Conclusions 345 6 Where to look for further information 345 7 References 346 Part 3 Insect pests of fruit 15 Insect pests of fruits: aphids 353 Giuseppe E. Massimino Cocuzza, Università di Catania, Italy .d e vre 1 Introduction 353 se r sth 2 Citrus aphids 354 gir llA .d 34 A Stpopnlee farunidt appehaird asp hids 335680 e tim 5 Control of aphid pests 363 iL g 6 Future trends and conclusion 366 n ih silb 7 Where to look for further information 368 u P 8 References 368 e cn eicS 16 Integrated management of tortricid pests of tree fruit 377 sd Alan L. Knight, USDA-ARS, USA; Gary J. R. Judd, Agriculture and d o D Agri-food Canada, Canada; Todd Gilligan, USDA-APHIS-PPQ, USA; h g ie Eduardo Fuentes-Contreras, Universidad de Talca, Chile; and William lru B .9 B. Walker III, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden 1 0 2 © 1 Introduction 377 th g 2 Tortricid systematics and general biology 379 iryp o C © Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited, 2019. All rights reserved. Xu, X., & Fountain, M. (Eds.). (2019). Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. Created from knav on 2022-01-20 19:39:27.
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