Instructional Supervision PDF
Preview Instructional Supervision
Instructional Supervision This essential text for prospective school leaders enrolled in instructional supervision and evaluation courses provides the knowledge and practical tools to improve teacher effectiveness. Melding theory and practice, this book is a definitive guide to successful classroom observations, pre- and post-observation conferences, and approaches such as action research, peer coaching, and mentoring. The fourth edition of this text has been thoroughly updated to meet the needs of school leaders in today’s educational climate. Features new to this edition include: Additional and updated tools to support school leaders in conducting effective classroom observations and assessing teachers’ professional learning needs; New case studies, suggested fieldwork, and extended reflections to outline practical applications for the strategies discussed; Suggested readings to supplement the information included in this book; Expanded discussions of professional learning communities and the topic of motivation; New chapters on teacher evaluation and instructional strategies that support personalization and learning technologies. This book offers strategies to work with teachers at all stages in their careers, laying a strong foundation for effective instructional supervision in preK–12 schools. Many of the templates and tools in this book are also available as free eResource downloads from our website (www.routledge.com/9781138649347). Sally J. Zepeda is Professor of Educational Administration and Policy at the University of Georgia, USA. 2 Also Available from Sally J. Zepeda The Leader’s Guide to Working with Underperforming Teachers Overcoming Marginal Teaching and Getting Results Sally J. Zepeda Job-embedded Professional Development Support, Collaboration, and Learning in Schools Sally J. Zepeda Professional Development What Works (2nd Edition) Sally J. Zepeda Informal Classroom Observations on the Go Feedback, Discussion, and Reflection (3rd Edition) Sally J. Zepeda The Principal as Instructional Leader A Handbook for Supervisors (3rd Edition) Sally J. Zepeda Supervision Across the Content Areas Sally J. Zepeda & R. Stewart Mayers Instructional Leadership for School Improvement Sally J. Zepeda 3 Instructional Supervision Applying Tools and Concepts Fourth Edition Sally J. Zepeda 4 Fourth edition published 2017 by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2017 Taylor & Francis The right of Sally J. Zepeda to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice : Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. First edition published by Routledge 2002 Third edition published by Routledge 2012 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Zepeda, Sally J., 1956–author. Title: Instructional supervision : applying tools and concepts / by Sally J. Zepeda. Description: Fourth edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2016. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016013438 | ISBN 9781138649323 (hardback) | ISBN 9781138649347 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781315625874 (e-book) Subjects: LCSH: School supervision. Classification: LCC LB2806.4 .Z44 2016 | DDC 371.2/03—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016013438 ISBN: 978-1-138-64932-3 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-138-64934-7 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-62587-4 (ebk) Typeset in Sabon and Helvetica Neue by Apex CoVantage, LLC Visit the eResources website: www.routledge.com/9781138649347 5 This book is dedicated to all the school leaders and others who nurture the spirit by providing supervision that makes a difference in the lives of teachers. 6 Contents Supplemental Downloads About the Author Preface Acknowledgments 1 Leadership Needed to Promote Supervision, Professional Development, and Teacher Evaluation That Makes a Difference Introduction Supervision, Professional Development, and Teacher Evaluation Are Not Linear, Lockstep Processes Leadership Beliefs and Practices to Unify Processes Coherence Needed for Instructional Supervision, Professional Development, and Teacher Evaluation Accountability and High-Stakes Challenges for Supervisors Tool 1: Developing a Unified Vision for Supervision, Professional Development, and Teacher Evaluation Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 2 Instructional Supervision Introducing Instructional Supervision The Intents of Instructional Supervision Differentiated Supervision Developmental Supervision Styles That Support Differentiated and Developmental Supervision Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 3 Teacher Evaluation Introducing Teacher Evaluation The Intents and Purposes of Teacher Evaluation Formative and Summative Evaluation Federal and State Influences on Teacher Evaluation Teacher Evaluation Systems 7 Value-Added Measures Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 4 Job-Embedded Professional Development Introducing Job-Embedded Professional Development Status of Professional Development Standards for Professional Development Learning Communities—More Than a Reform Strategy Tool 2: Job-Embedded Learning: Finding Time for Professional Development Tool 3: Planning for Professional Development Tool 4: Identifying Professional Development Needs Making the Connection Between Instructional Supervision, Professional Development, and Job-Embedded Learning Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 5 Instruction and Learning Environments Introducing Instruction and Learning Environments Teacher Quality and Teacher Effectiveness Effective Teachers Accountability and Standards Effective Instructional Practices Inside Teacher Evaluation Frameworks Observable Practices Tool 5: Contextualizing Teaching and Learning—Getting to Observable Practices Personalized Learning Environments and Learning Technologies Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 6 Career Stages, Adult Learning, and Supervision Introducing Career Stages, Adult Learning, and Supervision Tool 6: Career Stages Tool 7: Goal Setting, Tracking Faculty Goals, and Goal Attributes 8 Adult Learning Supervision That Embraces the Adult Learner Across Career Stages Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 7 Motivation and Supervisory Leadership Introducing Motivation and Supervisory Leadership Motivation Defined Motivation Theories Leadership and Motivation Implications for Supervisors Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 8 Informal and Formal Classroom Observations Introducing Informal and Formal Classroom Observations Group Classroom Observations Tool 8: Informal Classroom Observations Tool 9: Guidelines for Informal Classroom Observations Formal Classroom Observations The Clinical Supervision Model and Its Components Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 9 The Pre-observation Conference Introducing the Pre-observation Conference Tool 10: Attributes of the Pre-observation Conference Focus and the Pre-observation Conference The Johari Window and the Pre-observation Conference How to Prepare for the Classroom Observation Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings 9 References 10 The Classroom Observation Introducing the Classroom Observation The Intents of Data Collection Tool 11: Types of Data Tool 12: Wide-Angle and Narrow-Angle Data Collection Techniques Tips From the Field Overview and Application of Observation Tools and Methods Tool 13: Observation Guide Using Bloom’s Taxonomy Tool 14: Focus on Wait Time Tool 15: Focus on Cause-and-Effect Data Tool 16: Focus on Variety of Instructional Methods Tool 17: Examining Teacher–Student Discussion With a Focus on How Student Comments Are Incorporated Into the Lesson Tool 18: Selective Verbatim: Teacher’s Verbal and Students’ Physical and Verbal Behaviors Tool 19: Wide Angle: No Focus Tool 20: Focus on Calling Patterns and Patterns of Interaction Tool 21: Focus on Tracking Transition Patterns Tool 22: Tracking the Beginning and Ending (Closure) of Class Tool 23: Observing Cooperative Group Learning Tool 24: Classroom Traffic Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 11 The Post-observation Conference Introducing the Post-observation Conference The Purposes of the Post-observation Conference Lesson Reconstruction, Constructivism, and the Zone of Proximal Development Preparing for the Post-observation Conference Supervisory Approaches and the Post-observation Conference Tool 25: Feedback, Trust, and the Johari Window Revisited Tool 26: Planning for Professional Growth Summary Suggested Activities Suggested Readings References 10
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