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Jon Hirdw ithJ onathanM arks I Grammar Companion Advanced � MACMILLAN MacmillaEnd ucation BetweeTno wns Road,O xforOdX 4 3PP,U K A divisioofnM acmillaPnu blisheLrism ited Companieasn dr epresentattihvreosu ghotuhte w orld ISBN-110-:4 050-8210-0 ISBN-1937:8 -1-4050-8210-5 Text©M acrnillPaunb lisheLrism ite2d0 06 Desigann di llustratMiaocnm©i llaPnu blisheLrism ite2d0 06 Textw rittebnyJ onH irdw ithJ onathaMna rks Firsptu blish2e0d0 6 Allr ightrse servendo;p arto ft hipsu blicatmiaoyn b er eproducesdt,o red ina retriesvyaslt emt,r ansmititnea dn yf ormo,r b y anym eanse,l ectronic, mechanicpahlo,t ocopyirnegc,o rdionrgo ,t herwiswei,th outth ep rior writtepne rmisisono ft hep ublishers. Pagel ayoubty A nthonyG odber Illustrbayt Keadt hyB axendalMea,r kD raiseayn dB ilPli ggins Coverd esigbny A ndrewO liver Thep ublishewrosu Jdl ikteo t hankG ilFlr ancitsh,ee ditofro,ra lhle r hardw ork. Thea uthorasn dp ublishearrseg rateffuolrp ermissitoonr epritnhte following: Extrafcrto m' Thatt'hse w ay theb alblo uncesf'i,r psutb lishiend AssociPartee1sd4s. 04.r0e5p,r intbeydp ermissioofnR eprinMta nagement Services. Printaendd b ow1di nS painb yE delvives 20102 0092 008 20072 006 109 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 .. Contents Units Grammar 1 Iden(t1i)t y page4 Adverbials 1 Iden(t2i)ty page6 Phrasvaelr b&s o bjects 2 Tas(t1e) page8 Describnionugn s 2 Tas(t2e) page1 0 Fronting 3 Cit(y1) page1 2 Hedging 3 Cit(y2) page1 4 Negati&v el imitiandgv erbials 4 Talk page1 6 Tendencies 5 Luc(k1 ) page1 8 Unreaclo nditionals 5 Luc(k2 ) page2 0 Wishe&s r egrets 6 Min(d1 ) page2 2 Verbosf t hes enseost;h esrt ativveer bs 6 Min(d2 ) page2 4 Particcilpalues es 8 Cybers(p1)a cpeag e2 6 Wilflo rp redict&io ansss umptions 8 Cybers(p2)a cpeag e2 8 Usindgi scoumrasrek ers 9 Law( 1) page3 0 Usinmgo daltso t alakb outth ep ast 9 Law( 2) page3 2 Inversaifotne nre itnhoerrs,,o& such 10F ir(s1t)s page3 4 Contrast 10F ir(s2t)s page3 6 Patternwsi thg et 11S tor(i1e) s page3 8 Tellisntgo ries 11S tor(i2e) s page4 0 Thef utusreee fnr omt hep ast 12W ord(1s) page4 2 -e:ver 12W ord(2s) page44 Patternwsi thh ave 13C onsciencpeag e4 6 Speciuasle osf t hep assti mple Iden tiyt (1) Adverbails Adverbcioamlpsr ise: Adverablsw:aa ycst,yu, ba alsllilhcyoa,p lelfuhya,p pbialdyol,lny y,a, l morsetac,lo lmype,ll peyr,ti imlaeyrx,t remely Adveprhbr asveesrb:ye auyt,rifu altlwheelvrle ,rm yuh c,q utieea isleyx,t recmaferlulelyqy iu,t efe cpyte,dlr realdlbfuya dly Preposipthiroansaaettls h m:eo metnost o,me ex t,eo nnt thweh oaltee i,tg o hc'lowcikta,sh m ilbeya, c ciidnPe anrti,s Noun phreavsederyas yl:,a F sirtd atyhd,ea byfe orey etserdaga ryte,d a eatlhn,ee xnti gahl to,nt gi amgeo • j Adverbfulfili alasn umbeorff unctiYoonus .c ant huetsmoe a ddi nformaatbioouanvt e rbby : • sayiwnhge rseo methhianpgp ens Doy oul iv(OeU Ddli ere? • sayiwnhge sno methhianpgp ens Themyo veodu otf t hcei tayg easg o. • sayihnogwl onga catni coonn tinfuoerd TT • • • • ••• ...-- • sayihnogw o ftoernf requesnotmleyt hhianpgp ens • sayihnogws omethhianpgp ens • indicatthidene gg roerie n tenosfai s ttya otrae c tion, ore mphasiizti ng .l!!Yl enjlooyn wga lkisnt hceo untartwy e ekends. , • indicahtoiwpn rgo basbolmee thiisn g Youc auns eth etmo a ddi nformaatbioouantna djecftoiervx ea,m pblyeg radiintSg.o meg radiandgv erabrase w fully, drealdlefuyx,ct eiapolnleyx,te rlefymai,r glryte,yla ,hg ihlhyo,rl ryhi,gub eliyne,cd rimboldyte,er playh,e noalmleryen,a lly, remarktaebrlrayin,bdv ley.r y Itw asf ilii�h ofto trh tei moefy ear. _ Youc aanl suos teh etmo a ddi nformaatbioouanpt a rticfioeprxl aem,p wlied (ealpyp remcuica(ohtlv eedld)a),r, g ely (fgoort)ta endnh opel(elsosslty) . Shei sli iglil.rye speicnth eedfr i eld. Hew asm uCHl ovebdya lwlh ok nehwi m. Youc auns teh etmo c ommeonnta c lauosrse e nteonrct eof, o cautst enotnio onnep arotfi t. Positoifoa nd verbials Theraert eh rpeoes sipbolsei tfiooarnd sv erbiinaa s lesn tence. Initpioasli tYioouc na pnu mt ostty poefsa dverabtit ahblee gin ning oft hsee ntefnocerex ,a mpilnae c couonfet vse nts, orf oerm phasTihsia.sp pleisepse citaoal dlvye rbcioanlssi sotfpi rnegp osipthiroansaels . lii200S) hef inarleltyif rreodhm i jso b. pnthweholIpe r efteoer a otr gafnoiocd . Midp ositYioout ne ntdop uto ne-woarddv erboiffa rlesq uepnrcoyb,a bainldei mtpyh aisnit shm ei d-position. • betwetehnse u bjaencdtt h mea ivne rb Iofte n forgteolt o ctkh bea cdko oartn ight. • afttehrve e rbbe( especaidavlelroybff s r equencyH)e w as@ wa!t!h lea sttoa rrive. • betweaenan u xilainadtr hyme a ivne rb We'P.lrlo 6icbolm)1ae n dv isyiotus ometiinmM ea y. • eithbeerf oorrae f taen re gataiuvxei liary TheP.yr o6adbildynm 'eta tno o ffeynodu . Finpaols itYioout ne ntdop utlo ngaedrv erpbhiraalsa ensda dverboifma alnsn e(rh oswo methhianpgp einnstt)oh e finpaols ition. NotCeh:a ngitnhpgeo sitoifto hnae d versboimaelt icmheasn gtehsme e anionftg h see ntence. i Sarahha Psi erer-em'asai dld re(s=nso.- oenlesh ea ist ) Saraohni V:h aPsi erer-em'asai dld re(s=asn.dn othienlgs e) 4 Idetny(t 1i) 1 (1)P arctiec c) Shes taratcetdi anngdm adeh efilmr debut. ata ne aralgyie ;n19 94 1 Whicohft huen derlaidnveedr biinta hles biograapdhdiy n formaatbioount : a) wherseo methhianpgp ensi nK entuyc k d) Herb reakthrrooluwega hsi nt hpeo pular BenidLtk i eB ecmk,hw ahicwha sr eleased: phenomy;ei nn2a0 l0l2 b) whens omethhianpgp ensi n1 963 e) Thef ilmwiansgd emandbiencga uosfte h e c) a participle rigorfoouost btarlali nsihnhega dt od o. veryp;h ysiecxatlrleyvm;ie rlyty;ue; va eldryla y d) ana djective @) httpww:w//.starsearchlbiographiesljohnnydepp.html f) Thes uccoefst sh fei lomp entehdde o ofro hre r. {?A -(> JOHNNYD EPP qiuckilnyHt;oo l lywood V (? JohnC hristoDpehpepr1 1�, knowna s JohnnDye ppw,a sb orinn K entuc�k y into a famiolfy� BritiGsehr,m aann dC herokee g) Herr olient hseu ccesPsrifautoleft shC ea ribbean descenAtg.e ds evenh,i fsa mimloyv edt oF lorida blockbuhsatcsee rmse ntheeudrp -and-coming andh eg rewu pt herHei.sm othebro ughhti ma positiohnu.eg lfiyr;my ;li ni netrnatciionneamla guitaarro untdh ea geo f1 3a ndD epps oonb egan playiinnlg o cbaaln dsAt...1Q , hes uddenly decidteodd roopu to fs chotoolb ecomae r ock musiciHainsb. a nda,Q1! y namedT heK idsw,a s .modestsluyc cessbfuuttl h,e syp luiptw henh e h) Besiadcetsi snhgme,o dealnsd w asv otetdh e marritehded rummer's Dseipsptt ehre.tn u rnteod worlds'esx imeosvtis et ar.c rurtelnrye;nc ltey actinHge.a ppearienhd is firAs tN igfhitlmma,r e onE lmS treeitn1, 9 84a ndh isfi rlseta d-rwoalse int heb. .u.ge1y successEfduwlar Sdc issorhands siyexa rs laStienrc.te h enh,eh asa ppearienda diverrsaen goef H ollywoboldo ckbusters, 3 Matcthh see ntenwictethsh see nte1no cr2e t hat has includWihnagt 'Esa tinGgi lbeGrtr apeC,h arlie simimleaarn ing. andt heC hocolaFtaec toaryn dm,o rer ecentalsy , JacSkp arroiwnt heP iratoefst heC aribbean a) OnlPye taen dS amw enfto ard rink.[2] serieHse.l ivweist hhi sfa miilnyLos Angeles and � b) Petaen dS amo nlwye nfto ard rink.[] ] thSeo utohf F ranec. -Q- iijfftlli!t) 1)P etaen dS amw enfto ard riannkd d id page1:1 2131415196 17181 nothienlgs e. 2)P etaen dS amw enfto ard rionnkt heoiwrn . c) JusDti ncaa llmeed. 0 2 Rewritthseee nteanbcoeusat c trKeesisKr nai ghtly witthh aed verbiinia tlasil nai n cast uproasli tion. d) Dinjau scta llmeed. 0 Uset haed verbiinta hloesr dtehre ayr gei ven. 1)N obodcya llmeede xceDpitn a. 2)D incaa llmeeda f ewm inutaegso . a) Shew asb orn inL ondoonMn a;r 2c6ht 19h8 5 e) Ip articudloanlr'iltkyB e a Sro leil. 0 Shew c.1sb orinn L ondoonnM c.1rc2h6 th1 985. f) Id onp'atr ticulliakBrea lSryo leil. 0 b) Herf athwearsa s uccesascftuaonlrd her 1)B aSro leisio lk a,by unto mty f ircshto ice. mothaep rl aywrsiogs hhte, hase xbpeoesne d 2)B aSro liesia lw ful. tot haec ting profmesosditeoernla.y ; g) Thep aritsyn d'etf inictaenlcye lled0. conatlilanylu;ll ihfeer h) Thep ardteyf iniistnec'latyn celled0. I)T hep armtayy g oa head. 2)T hep aritsyg oinagh ead. Idteyin( t1) 5 Iden tiyt (2) Phrasavle rbwsi tho bjects Youc acno mbianv ee rabn da p arttioce lxet etnhdue s umaela nionfag v erobrt oc reaant eew m eanidnigf,f erent froamn yt hatth vee rhba osn i tosw n. There are tohfrp eher abvsaeasrltib hc at tat kayepno e bsj ect. Typ1e: n ots eparable ver+b p art+i ocbljee ct ) I Typ2e: s eparable Theraert ew 6p ossiwbalyeos f o rdertihnpegh ravsearlab n dt hoeb jeMcots.pt h ravsearlcb ashn a veei thoerrd er. 2.v er+b p art+i ocbljee ct Web roj!u!ut"et hseu bjoefHc atr rbyi'rst hpdaaryt y. Johann dL indhaa vbem keonft t heeinrg agement. Lasnti gahg tu nma11n£ .--. · NotIeft: h neo upnh ra(soeb jiesvc etr)ly o ntgh,se e coonrdd iesrn ormaulsleyd . HeiDoffi.iOiip alhli nse gatfieveel ianbgosuh tim so ther-iunn-thliealc w o ulsdt anintd o l onger. Ift hoeb jeicsatp ronoounnl,ty h fei rosrtd iespr o ssible. ver+b objepcrto no+u pnarticle They'hvaedt oPJ! !liot ftfi nlelx wte ek(.N OTfjt tt e{it.{) Im' t ryitnog Ity'osu prr oblyeomu;'h lalvt eo,w oriket !! o!n y ouorw n.( NOTwerl( ettt it) Typ3e: t wop articles Int hitsy poefp hravsearltb h pea rtiacrlneeo sst e parable. NotIeft: h vee ribsi nt hpea ssiyvoeuc, a ns'etp artahtveee rabn dt hpea rticle. Thes ho�pe n OVe!: -J -·-o---r.-. Thew ateorfts h rei vhearv bee en usbeydv aruipio nudsu sternitaelr prises. Thes amiest ruoefq uestiyoonucs a:n n'otr maslelpya rtahtpeea rtfircoltmeh vee rb. Whaiiti yo§u""""@�?( NOTAt wl:tat are yett latt�l:tift� ?) 6 Idetny(t 2i) 1( )2P ractiec 2 Completthseee nteunscientsgh p eh ravsearlib nst he boxa nda na pproprpiraotneo( umne t,h emi,te tc). Thef ollopwhirnagvs earlab rsue s eidnt hiusn it. Chectkh emiera ninu&s inadg i ctioinnfae rcye ssary. BfiF•g tlf' comaec roscsr oosust deawli th dow ithoufiltli n flitchkr ougghe dto wn Typ1e:n oste parable get eYef hanind looukp prionutt shudto wn tealpla rtt hroaww ay comaec roscso unotn deawli thd ow ithout flitchkr ougghe otv erl ooikn tol ootkh rough a) Ik nowh e'asb idti sappoaibnotuietntd o w,b ut Typ2e:s eparable I'smu rhee 'r;3lelto veirt s oon. b) Ify ouf eeslt ronagbloyut thc eh angteos bottulpe b riunpg croosust dou p fiilnl get down inh alnodou kp picukp prionutt workihnogu rbsr,i tnh£3e mup att hnee xt put acrsohsudsto wn sorotu t taltkh rough meeting. tealpla rtt hitnhkr ougthh roaww ay c) Ify oum akaem istajkues,t _ _ _____ _ neatly. Typ3e:t wop articles d) Ift hceo mputferre ezes, ---------' catucphw ithc omuep w ithg ebta ctko leaivfteo arm inuotres oa ndt herne boiott. look fotrow aprudtu pw ith e) Id idnr'etat dh weh olbeo okIj. u st quicy.k l _________ 1 Compltehtseee ntewnictethsh neo uann dt he f) Doy oue verre atdh eoslemd a gazinIfen so?t , phravsearlgb i veinni taSloimcest.it mheesar ree Im' g ointgo · twop ossibilities. g) Itd'isf fitcou lt -thelyo ok a) I'blelw ityho ui na m inutIje u.sw ta ntto almoisdte ntical. filctkh orwathh eptl per first. h) Ify ou'gvoeat p roblaetwm o rky,o ur ealoluyg ht thpea pIfle cirk t hrough to ass ooansp ossible. b) Id on't htehp iunth ki isd etltlsc rososrp ut i) I'slhlo ywo ut hpeh otaosss o oansI tlcrossi dheitlvsse rwye lalta ll. hiisd eIpa usat c ross j) Ify oud onk'nto ww haitmt e ans, c) I'll _____________ _ int hdei cti.o nary --------- foyro ui yfo ud onh'atv een outghi me. k) Myp ersoansasli sitsia nnvta luIac boluel.d n't tratiinmI le osio nkt o foorn em inute. --------- d) Wer ealnleyet do-- -------- 1) I've mlyoc saktre yLse.mt e k nowi yfo u ass ooansp ossiblteh.i Int gastl hkr ough e) Coulydo u ____________ _ m) I'vhea de nouogfht hirsa in.r eIatls'ltsya rting ony ouwra yh ere?a b ototfwl ienI pe i ucpk to _ _ _ _____ _ f) Ify ou'gvoeat m inutceo,u lydo u n) Youn eetdog efto rMm9 9, ----------' andt ell me --andt he--n tot hoef fice. --------- _________ whayto uthink . thriesrp Itol otohkr ough g) Youc aanl ways ----------- 3 Complettheee- mawiiltt hh tew o-parpthircalsea l tob et hlea tstoa rriveS!a rIac hon uton veribnst hbeo xa tt hteo opf t hpea ge. h) Lemte k nowi yfo u ---------- anywhewriely,lo u? mym obIic loema ec ross HiJim, i) Iti'msp orttaotn atlY ko.ur ealslhyo uldn't Itw asg ootdo s eyeo ut hoet hdeary a nd --youk now. (a______),_ --alylo unre wsA.n ds orargya in ---------- yofueerl inIbg ost utpl e toh eaarb ouyto unre wb os-sId onk'nto wh owy ou j) Firwset' groei ntgo ---------- (b) itA.n ywayl,e tt'rsay n d andt hewne 'groei ntgo-- ------- (c) ad atfeo dri nnseoro- nI'clhle ck thgea rdIs eonor utt myd iaarnyd ( d) youi nt hnee xfte w thieni sdoeft hheo uIsd eo up dayIs( .e ) it. BesGtr,a ham Iden(t2i)t y 7 Taset( 1) Descrinbgin ouns Then ounp hrase A noupnh raaslew aiynsc luadn eosu nb,u itmt a ya lshoa vweo rdasn ds tructtuhragetis vy eo um orien formation aboutthn eo un. Thef olloawilcnlog m bee fotrhene o un. determiant,e hrseso,:,m a enyt,h tish,oh siems,y,f , ew ,m aneyn,o usgehv,et rhatilsh,,o se adjectdiavrbekis,g: , i mnpeaown,r,fit t nnacitaelc,h naimucsaeildtn,,e regsetneedar,va ali,lm aobdleaerb,nsu ,eot l I I numbetrhsr:te hei,tr htryoe-neme,i llion nounuss eldi kaed jecttoim voedsio ftyh neoru ncsa:r (cdootuorn(ryo)r a,dc )a( tof ods)up,rr i(saen nncoeument). Almoasntyn oucna bn eu seidnt hiwsa y. Descripdteitvaei ls Thesceo maef ttehrne o unA. d escriapfttiaeon rno ucna bne : a relcaltaiu(vsweei o trhw ithourte laapt riovneo un) • • · · ·• thmeo biplheo nieli!, tI altlh pee op1rlken ow af loocfbk i rds igihn t hsek }[ ag i'Srli ttoinn g a past participle clause • ag ircla llMeaan ay thlea ndscsaepefenr oTmh ter ain three staurreacnotm mebnydt ehdMe i chegluiind e at o-inficnliatuisvee • hifsa il�uogr eeat l ownigt lilliCsl assmate§ hearb iltiot yr aetta hde oaffg oeu r ana djecctliavues e • thpee oprle_!ep onsfiobtrlliepe r odj e thfea cilaivtaiielsha ebrlee Manyn oupnh rasheasvd ee termiandejresc,te itvbcee.sf otrheme a inno uann dd escridpettiavaiefl tsie tHr.e rteh e mainno uinsh otel. Is tayienad s malnamilhyo-trpeuulnt stiliaVeei llage. Ordeorfa djectives Wheny ouu smeo rteh aonn ea djecbteifvoearn eo unt,hu es uoarld iesro: p iniaodnj ec'tsiivazede;j' e cctoilvoeu;r adjectivaed;j e'cf(ta'icFvtaae'cd. tj 'e ctpiuvtteh nseo uinn a p articcullaasrs .) a6 eautliiftiiJtlalpea nceasre · · • · · ·- taeiCit echno£!l!a odgviance Whena n ouinsu setdom odiafnya djecitctio vmee,is m mediabteeflotyrh eme a inno una,f taelrol t haedrj ectives. as uccess1UfA'ineil.!ri!.cO.,.Sft'iwijc ompany thfel ouriIsnhdiinfagin li mn dustry 8 Tas(t1e) 2 {1P)ar ctiec e) I'gmo intgog emtp 3p layernse. xetn-egration; onoeft hoasdev;e rotnTi V.s ed f) woIr ikn t habtu ildinnge.xt tot he sbtuast ion; grewyi;tt hhb ei cgl oucgkl;y 1 Underline then oaudnpjsre,ec ptoisvietsi,o na3l Putth weo rds giinvtteohn ce o rroercdte r. phrases, arnedl aptairvcteli acuispeldese stchraitb e a) I liinvI fe l a/tt h cei tcye ntIrn eo fta frr oIm thneo unisnb old. aI s mall a) Iw ass tayiinna g rundoolwfdna rmhouse surroubn�dv eidn e�ards. b) Iwta sa tt he oefna dl ontgw istcionugn try b) stretcfhomirin lge Ios f m yb edroIof mi elId s roaadb,o uttem ni nutdersi'fv reo tmh nee arest greeInl otosfI o uotf t hwei ndoIwI c asne e village. c) Theo nlsyo urocfhe e aitnt hheo uswea st he constantlyl-obfgurnini gir nee acrho om. c) byt hsee IaI r ealnleyeI da I h olidIra eyl axing d) Outo fm yt wot insye cond-wfilnodoorIw s cousledme i laef tmeirlo efl eavfiyn eyards stretcihnittnohg e distance. d) witihn temaentdm p3I t hosIoe n eo fI e) Theh ome-comoekeadlt hse y served were mobiplheo nIen se wI I 'vgeo tIt rendy perhaapmso ng vtehrey cboeoskt iIn'vgee v er tasted. f)" Eacmhe awla sa ccompabnyi ead oglrta wsos e) 198I0I s' vgeo Itb rillIih aenatvm ye tabla ndIs ofl ocwailn e. CDsI b yI l oads of g) Them usipcla yientd h e restwaausar na nt interemsitxitnougfr t er aditainodmn oadle m. 2 Rewritthseee ntenpcuetst,i nwgo rtdhasen d 4 Descrtihbfeeo llowIifpno gs.s iubslaeet l, e aosnte phrasinei st ailnitaconas p proper ipaotsiitnti hoen determ,ai dnjeercptrievpeo,s ipthiroanasanel/d o r sente.n ce relactilvaeuf soeera cFho.er x ampIl'em, weaa ring paoifbr l adcekn jiema In sgf orom ty b itrhday. a) We rentaev di llas.m a;sl ilteudja utosutts ide threeo srwti;t shw iam mpionogl . a) thbeu ildyionug are in b) We visittheitdse mplel.ti ltdee;c orwaittehd b) somethyionug'w reea ring hurnedodffls a glso;v Beludyd;h ist c) youfra vouproistsee ssion c) There pwaelrtmer e.e sswayiintn hgbe r eeze; tallo;f rows d) yfoauvro uprliatcee d) We'rgeo intgos eteh afti lm.y owue rgeo ing ona bo;Fu ertncohl;d e) yfoauvro ufroiotde Tas(t1e) 9