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Inquiries into Words, Constraints and Contexts Inquiries into Words, Constraints and Contexts Festschrift for Kimmo Koskenniemi on his 60th Birthday Editedby AnttiArppe LauriCarlson KristerLindén JussiPiitulainen MickaelSuominen MarttiVainio HannaWesterlund AnssiYli-Jyrä TechnicalEditingby JuhoTupakka Inquiries into Words, Constraints and Contexts. Festschrift for Kimmo Koskenniemionhis60thBirthday. IndividualarticlesCopyright(cid:1)c 2005,bytheirauthors. PhotographsCopyright(cid:1)c KoskenniemiFamily. .EditorialBoard: . AnttiArppe,Secretary-Treasurer . LauriCarlson,Chairman . KristerLindén . JussiPiitulainen . MickaelSuominen,EditorialSecretary . MarttiVainio . HannaWesterlund AnssiYli-Jyrä TechnicalEditor:JuhoTupakka Imagescanningandenhancing:MarkusKoljonen CSLIStudiesinComputationalLinguisticsONLINE SeriesEditor:AnnCopestake ISSN1557-5772 Availableon-lineat: http://cslipublications.stanford.edu/site/SCLO.html CSLIPublications VenturaHall StanfordUniversity Stanford,CA94305 Contents AcknowledgementsandNotices viii TabulaGratulatoria ix KimmoKoskenniemi’sfirst60years xiv FRED KARLSSON PublicationsbyKimmoKoskenniemi xviii I Morphology, Syntax andAutomata 1 1 TheVeryLongWayfromBasicLinguisticResearchto CommerciallySuccessfulLanguageBusiness:theCaseof Two-LevelMorphology 2 ANTTIARPPE 2 InducingaMorphologicalTransducerfromInflectional Paradigms 18 LAURI CARLSON 3 TheDDIApproachtoMorphology 25 KENNETHW. CHURCH 4 Finite-StateParsingofGerman 35 ERHARD W. HINRICHS v vi/INQUIRIESINTOWORDS,CONSTRAINTSANDCONTEXTS 5 SolutionsforHandlingNon-concatenativeProcessesinBantu Languages 45 ARVI HURSKAINEN 6 AMethodforTokenizingText 55 RONALD M. KAPLAN 7 PhonotacticComplexityofFinnishNouns 65 FRED KARLSSON 8 Twenty-FiveYearsofFinite-StateMorphology 71 LAURI KARTTUNENAND KENNETHR. BEESLEY 9 LocalGrammarAlgorithms 84 MEHRYARMOHRI 10 TwolatWork 94 SJUR MOSHAGEN, PEKKA SAMMALLAHTIAND TROND TROSTERUD 11 TwoNotionsofParsing 106 JOAKIM NIVRE 12 ComputationalMorphologiesforSmallUralicLanguages 116 GÁBOR PRÓSZÉKY AND ATTILANOVÁK 13 MorphologyandtheHarappanGods 126 RICHARD SPROAT AND STEVEFARMER 14 ConsonantGradationinEstonianandSámi:Two-Level Solution 136 TROND TROSTERUD AND HELIUIBO 15 RUSTWOL:AToolforAutomaticRussianWordForm Recognition 151 LIISA VILKKI 16 CombiningRegularExpressionswithNear-OptimalAutomata intheFIREStationEnvironment 163 BRUCE W. WATSON, MICHIEL FRISHERT AND LOEKCLEOPHAS 17 LinguisticGrammarswithVeryLowComplexity 172 ANSSIYLI-JYRÄ CONTENTS/vii II Speech andMeaning 184 18 SpeechisSpecial:What’sSpecialaboutIt? 185 OLLIAALTONENANDESA UUSIPAIKKA 19 DataMiningMeetsCollocationsDiscovery 194 HELENAAHONEN-MYKA AND ANTOINEDOUCET 20 SemanticMorphology 204 BJÖRN GAMBÄCK 21 MorphologicalProcessinginMono-andCross-Lingual InformationRetrieval 214 KALERVO JÄRVELIN AND ARIPIRKOLA 22 AGrammarforFinnishDiscoursePatterns 227 KRISTIINA JOKINEN 23 MeaningfulModelsforInformationAccessSystems 241 JUSSI KARLGREN 24 WordSenses 249 KRISTER LINDÉN 25 ExploringMorphologicallyAnalysedTextMaterial 259 MIKKO LOUNELA 26 InformationStructureandMinimalRecursionSemantics 268 GRAHAM WILCOCK 27 DevelopingaDialogueSystemthatInteractswithaUserin Estonian 278 HALDURÕIM AND MAREKOIT 28 TheStoryofSupposedHebrew-FinnishAffinity-aChapterin theHistoryofComparativeLinguistics 289 TAPANIHARVIAINEN Acknowledgements and Notices A paper pre-print of this electronic publication was presented to Pro- fessor Kimmo Koskenniemi at a special Colloquium on Friday, Septem- ber 2nd, 2005, at the Auditorium of the Arppeanum building of the University of Helsinki, arranged in association with the Workshop on Finite State Methods for Natural Language Processoring (FSMNLP) <http://www.ling.helsinki.fi/events/FSMNLP2005/>. Thisfinalelectronicversionofthepublicationcontainsafewminorrevisions, ascomparedtothepre-printedpaperversion.Thechaptersaffectedbythese revisionsarethefollowing:1,17,20,22,25,and26. The Editorial Board wants to express its appreciation for CSC - Scientific ComputingFinland,Lingsoft,Inc.,ConnexorOy,andOyInternationalBusi- ness Machines Ab for their generous financial support which greatly con- tributedtothesuccessfulrealisationofthisproject. Moreover, the Editorial Board expresses its gratitude to Ann Copestake, DikranKaragueuzianandCSLIPublicationsforgraciouslyagreeingtopub- lishthisFestschriftintheironlineseries. Furthermore,theEditorialBoardwishestothankLeenaBarrosandtheOffice oftheFacultyofArtsattheUniversityofHelsinkiforadministrativesupport insettingupandrunningthisproject. Finally,theEditorialBoardwouldliketo thanktheKoskenniemifamilyfor providingthephotographsfromKimmo’spastandpresentthatareincluded thisFestschrift. Helsinki,November11th,2005, AnttiArppe LauriCarlson KristerLindén JussiPiitulainen MickaelSuominen JuhoTupakka MarttiVainio HannaWesterlund AnssiYli-Jyrä viii Tabula Gratulatoria Prof.OlliAaltonen,UniversityofTurku,Finland AndersAhlqvist Prof.HelenaAhonen-Myka,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland AnuAirolaandKariLehtonen AnttiArppe LiliAunimoandReetaKuuskoski,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland AcademyProf.Ralph-JohanBack,AcademyofFinland/ DepartmentofComputerScience,ÅboAkademiUniversity LarsBackström Dr.KennethR.Beesley,XeroxResearchCentreEurope,France Dr.phil.EckhardBick,InstituteofLanguageandCommunication,University ofSouthernDenmark,Odense Prof.LarsBorin,GöteborgUniversity,Sweden LauriCarlson AndrewChesterman,UniversityofHelsinki KennethWardChurch,MicrosoftResearch,Redmond,USA LoekCleophas,TechnischeUniversiteitEindhoven,TheNetherlands RobinCooper,DepartmentofLinguistics,GöteborgUniversity,Sweden MathiasCreutz,HelsinkiUniversityofTechnology,Finland AntoineDoucet,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland Ph.DSteveFarmer MichielFrishert BjörnGambäck,Stockholm,Sweden Prof.TapaniHarviainen,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland OrvokkiHeinämäki Prof.Dr.IrmeliHelin,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland ix x/INQUIRIESINTOWORDS,CONSTRAINTSANDCONTEXTS Prof. Dr. Erhard W. Hinrichs, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany HenrikHolmboe,NorFA/NordForsk,Denmark Prof.Dr.TimoHonkela,HelsinkiUniversityofTechnology,Finland Prof.Dr.ArviHurskainen,InstituteforAsianandAfricanStudies,University ofHelsinki,Finland SariHyvärinen,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland MattiIhamuotila AcademyProf.KalervoJärvelin,UniversityofTampere,Finland Prof.JanneBondiJohannessen,UniversityofOslo,Norway Prof.KristiinaJokinen,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland Dr.RonaldM.Kaplan,PaloAltoResearchCenter,USA JussiKarlgren,Stockholm,Sweden FredKarlssonandSylviSoramäki-Karlsson Prof.Dr.LauriKarttunen,StanfordUniversity,PaloAlto,USA DrMattiKeijola,HelsinkiUniversityofTechnology,Finland Prof.PekkaKilpeläinen,UniversityofKuopio,Finland ErkkiI.Kolehmainen,Helsinki,Finland MareKoit,UniversityofTartu,Estonia JoukoandEevaKoskenniemi OsmoandLiisaKoskenniemi SeppoKoskenniemiandHelyvonKonov-Koskenniemi PirkkoKukkonen PhDTimoLahtinen RitvaLaury GregerLindén,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland KristerLindén Prof.JoukoLindstedt,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland MikkoLounela UrhoMäättä MattiMiestamo ManneMiettinen,CSC–ScientificComputingLtd.,Finland Prof.MehryarMohri,CourantInstituteofMathematicalSciences,USA Cand.philol.SjurNørstebøMoshagen,Helsinki,Finland/ TheSámiParliament,Norway JussiNiemi Prof.JoakimNivre,Växjö,Sweden AttilaNovák,MorphoLogic,Hungary

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