Inorganic two-dimensional nanomaterials : fundamental understanding, characterizations and energy applications

406 Pages·2017·46.275 MB·English

by  Changzheng Wu, Changzheng Wu, Hans-Jorg Schneider, Mohsen Shahinpoor, Xiaojun Wu, Yong Ni, Yuqiao Guo, Yuchen Yang, Li Song, Xiaodong Zhang, Zhenyu Li, Lan Chen, Chuanhong Jin, Tao Yao, Zhenmeng Peng, Shen Guozhen

Inorganic Two-dimensional Nanomaterials
Fundamental Understanding, Characterizations and Energy Applications
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Smart Materials
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27: Inorganic Two-dimensional Nanomaterials: Fundamental Understanding,
Characterizations and Energy Applications
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Inorganic Two-dimensional
Nanomaterials
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0 Fundamental Understanding,
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6- Characterizations and Energy
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oi: Edited by
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06- Preface
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0. Inorganic two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials that possess ultrathin
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oi: nanosheet morphology, atomic scale thickness and one-dimensional (1D)
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c.or tal science and nanotechnology characterization as well as energy applica-
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s.r tions, since the discovery of mechanically exfoliated graphene. Unlike pure
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pu carbon graphene, inorganic 2D nanomaterials have a more abundant ele-
p:// mental composition and various crystallographic structures, giving unique
n htt chemical reactivity, tunable physical properties and fascinating applications
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7 in the field of energy conversion and storage. The rapid progress in this field
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20 calls for a comprehensive review. This book gives an overview of recent develop-
ust ments in inorganic 2D nanomaterials from computational simulation,
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A theoretical understanding, experimental synthesis, modern physical charac-
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. n 2 terization, and their energy applications including electrocatalysts, lithium
d o ion batteries and supercapacitors, water-splitting catalysts and thermoelec-
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h trical devices. The book is organized into three main sections: ‘Fundamental
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The first section gives a fundamental understanding of inorganic 2D nano-
materials. Here, we review recent experimental and theoretical progress on
the growth of inorganic 2D nanomaterials, the intrinsic properties of inor-
ganic 2D nanomaterials and a theoretical investigation of nanoscale buck-
ling. We briefly introduce solid-state and liquid-phase synthetic methods for
preparing atomically-thick inorganic 2D crystals, covering both top-down
and bottom-up strategies. We give a theoretical prediction of characteris-
tic inorganic 2D nanomaterials ranging from single elements to their com-
pounds, as well as possible physical properties. Also, a theoretical review
surveyed recent progress on observed nanoscale buckling in a free-standing

Smart Materials No. 27
Inorganic Two-dimensional Nanomaterials: Fundamental Understanding, Characterizations 
and Energy Applications
Edited by Changzheng Wu
© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017
Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, www.rsc.org
vii
View Online
viii Preface
monolayer sheet, in a monolayer sheet on substrates and in a twist bilayer
sheet, respectively.
The second section describes the characterization of inorganic 2D nano-
materials. The properties of inorganic 2D nanomaterials show remarkable
changes when compared with their 3D bulk. Based on innovative tech-
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6- the nanoscale and even atomic-scale resolution. Here, we highlight recent
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7 nanomaterials by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy
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7 (STS), which is a powerful technique for investigating atomic structures
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39/ and electronic properties of inorganic 2D nanomaterials. In addition, X-ray
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0.1 absorption fine structure (XAFS) can provide precise structural informa-
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oi: tion at the atomic scale around a specific atom, i.e. near-neighbor species
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or nanomaterials. Recent advantages of using XAFS spectroscopic techniques
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s.rs for fine structure characterization of two-dimensional nanomaterials will
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p:// The third, and final, section shows the energy applications of inorganic
htt 2D nanomaterials. When the thickness of the bulk material decreases down
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7 o to the atomic-scale size, novel atomic and electronic structures emerge, pro-
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st capturing, exciton separation, and surface reaction kinetics. Accordingly,
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. n 22 various applications in energy conversion and storage. For energy conver-
o sion, inorganic 2D nanomaterials have emerged as a new group of catalysts
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he for many catalytic processes. Recent research progress is reviewed here on
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(ORR), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and carbon dioxide electrochemical
reduction. We also summarize recent progress in inorganic 2D photocata-
lysts, optimizing the three primary processes of artificial photosynthesis:
light-harvesting, charge separation and transport, and surface redox reaction
kinetics. Besides, considering interdependence of the factors that thermo-
electric conversion efficiency relies on, inorganic 2D nanomaterials can
decouple them effectively and thus enhance the thermoelectric merit, which
paves the way to improving the conversion efficiency from heat to electrical
energy. Inorganic 2D nanomaterials also have great potential in the fields
of energy storage. We focus on a different class of inorganic 2D nanomaterials
applied as supercapacitors, and further discussion and expectation are
included to highlight the intrinsic merits of inorganic 2D nanomaterials for
fabricating planar supercapacitors and applying polymer gel electrolyte
for flexible supercapacitors. Recent literature on LIBs with inorganic 2D
nanomaterials has also been introduced.
We thank all the lead authors (X. J. Wu, Y. Ni, Y. Q. Guo, L. Song, X. D. Zhang,
Z. Y. Li, L. Chen, T. Yao, Z. M. Peng, X. Peng, G. Z. Shen, W. T. Bi, J. Peng)
View Online
Preface ix
as well as their co-authors for their contribution and fruitful collaboration
in the preparation of this book. We hope that this book will be useful for a
broad readership and stimulate new research in inorganic 2D nanomaterials.
This book would be a suitable reference for researchers who are attracted by
the exotic physical and chemical properties of inorganic 2D nanomaterials.
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FP Changzheng Wu
06- USTC, Hefei, China
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06- Contents
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3 Section I: Fundamental Understanding
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doi: Chapter 1 Exploring Two-dimensional Crystals with Atomic
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1.4.3 Hydrogenated Silicene 21
1.4.4 Group-14 Element Derivatives 22
1.5 Phosphorene 22
1.5.1 Theoretical Design 23
1.6 Compounds 28
1.6.1 Carbides 28
1.6.2 Silicates 29
1.6.3 Boron Nitrides and Carbon Nitrides 30
1.7 Conclusion and Outlook 30
Acknowledgements 30
References 30

Smart Materials No. 27
Inorganic Two-dimensional Nanomaterials: Fundamental Understanding, Characterizations 
and Energy Applications
Edited by Changzheng Wu
© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017
Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, www.rsc.org
xi