INJURY ILLUSTRATED INJURY ILLUSTRATED How Medical Images Win Legal Cases R. Annie Gough, MS, CMI First edition published 2021 by CRC Press 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 and by CRC Press 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN © 2021 R. Annie Gough, MS, CMI CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under US Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, access www. copyright.com or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. For works that are not available on CCC, please contact [email protected]. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Gough, R. Annie (Rachael Annie), author. Title: Injury illustrated : how medical images win legal cases / R. Annie Gough, MS, CMI. Description: Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2021. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “Medical-Legal Illustration tackles how and why attorneys win cases utilizing medical illustrators. This is the first book on medical-legal illustration and provides an understanding of anatomy, surgical cases, and how medical illustration can clearly and succinctly illustrate accidents, medical malpractice, and death investigation for forensic use in court. Medical illustrators are trained to summarize complex facts clearly and accurately, just as lawyers eliminating complex terms utilize visuals to present clear and compelling evidence. Seemingly very different professions, the visual artist solves countless problems for the injury attorney, defining their client’s injuries, and summarizing complex medical records. Medical illustrators are the ideal partners for injury attorneys needing both better understand and articulate medical conditions, injuries, and malpractice in such criminal and civil cases. The book is divided into five sections which detail who medical illustrators are, what they do, the services they can provide to attorneys, and the myriad benefits of involving illustrators in cases. Artists, animators, lawyers, medical students, law students, forensic scientists, medical professionals and students will benefit to learn how this unusual career path can illuminate complex concepts to benefit legal proceedings”-- Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2020022927 (print) | LCCN 2020022928 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367524173 (hardback) | ISBN 9781003104414 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Medical jurisprudence. | Evidence, Expert. | Personal injuries. | Imaging systems in medicine--Evaluation. Classification: LCC K5486 .G68 2021 (print) | LCC K5486 (ebook) | DDC 346.03/23--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020022927 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020022928 ISBN: 978-0-367-52417-3 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-10441-4 (ebk) Typeset in Myriad Pro by Nova Techset Private Limited, Bengaluru & Chennai, India In loving memory of my mom, Diane, the calm in the storm Contents Acknowledgments xi Legal Notice xiii Chapter 1 Dominos: Warning: Graphic Images 1 Chapter 2 The Brief: The Reason and the Reasoning 7 Section A Who Am i? the Beginning of a Medical illustrator Chapter 3 You’re Grounded: Growing up with Anatomy 15 Chapter 4 Suspicious Minds: Seeking the Truth 19 Chapter 5 Bunny Suit: A Background in Forensics 25 Section B Who Are We? the Unknown World of Medical illustration Chapter 6 Disgusta: Medical Illustration Master’s Degree 33 Chapter 7 Stars Are Born: Products of Our Professors 39 Chapter 8 Sutured Together: Learning Surgery 45 viii CoNt eNts Chapter 9 History of the Association: Foundations of Medical Art and Law 49 A History of Medical Illustration 49 Roots of Medical-Legal Illustration 54 Researching Averbach 55 Law schools and Medical Instruction 57 the Path becomes a Highway 58 Section c Why Would an Attorney Hire a Medical illustrator? Chapter 10 Pantyhose: Inside the Law Firm 65 Chapter 11 Message in a Bottle: A Settlement Brochure 71 Chapter 12 Hondas: Profits over People 83 Chapter 13 The Process: Draw by Hand 85 Chapter 14 Wile E. Coyote: Real People 91 Chapter 15 Tin Cans: Voluminous Records 97 Chapter 16 Can’t Trust a Photo: But Request Them All 103 Chapter 17 Interpreting Radiology: Images Establish Facts 111 Chapter 18 Radiology Is Not Enough: The Jury Needs Clarification 117 Chapter 19 Netflix: The Jury Wants TV 123 Chapter 20 Muddy Waters: Aberrant Anatomy 127 Chapter 21 Healing Trauma: The Client Is Better 131 CoNt eNts ix Chapter 22 Bad Facts: The Client Is a Stripper 137 Chapter 23 No Facts: The Lawyer Didn’t Ask 141 Chapter 24 Pre-Trial Panic: Last Minute Animations 147 Chapter 25 Six Degrees of Separation: Experts and Animators 153 Section D What Additional Benefits Does an Attorney Get from collaboration with a Medical illustrator? Chapter 26 Boutique Feel: Not Just a Product But a Service 161 Chapter 27 It’s Not Rocket Science: Narrating Brain Surgery 167 Chapter 28 Headless Horseman: The Value of the Client Likeness 171 Chapter 29 Defending Doctors: Medical Malpractice Defense 177 Chapter 30 Deep Pockets: What Will This Cost? 181 Chapter 31 MVP: Minimum Viable Product 189 Chapter 32 Pancakes: Food Analogies 193 Chapter 33 Out of the Box: Creative Alternatives 199 Chapter 34 Power Tools: Anything It Takes 207 Chapter 35 Holograms: Advances in Technology 211 Chapter 36 Exhibit Hall: Building Connections 215