inhibitory mechanisms in face- name retrieval: developmental and neural indices ana catarina ...

359 Pages·2015·2.3 MB·English

Doctoral Dissertation
-
INHIBITORY MECHANISMS IN FACE
:
NAME RETRIEVAL DEVELOPMENTAL
AND NEURAL INDICES

International Ph.D. Candidate
ANA CATARINA SANCHES FERREIRA

Advisors
Mª TERESA BAJO MOLINA
ALEJANDRA MARFUL QUIROGA

Ph.D. in Psychology
Department of Experimental Psychology

UNIVERSITY OF GRANADA
March, 2015
Editor: Universidad de Granada.Tesis Doctorales
Autora: Ana Catarina Sanchez Ferreira
ISBN: 978-81-9125-169-9
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/40395
UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA
DPTO. DE PSICOLOGÍA EXPERIMENTAL
Campus Universitario de Cartuja, s/n
Tfno. [phone] – Fax [phone]
18071 – GRANADA – ESPAÑA

Tesis doctoral presentada por Ana Catarina Sanches Ferreira,
en el Departamento de Psicología Experimental, para aspirar al
grado de Doctor Internacional en el programa de Doctorado de
Psicología de la Universidad de Granada.

La doctoranda, Ana Catarina Sanches Ferreira, y los directores de la
tesis, Mª Teresa Bajo Molina y Alejandra Marful Quiroga
garantizamos, al firmar esta tesis doctoral, que el trabajo ha sido
realizado por la doctoranda bajo la dirección de los directores de la
tesis y hasta donde nuestro conocimiento alcanza, en la realización
del trabajo, se han respetado los derechos de otros autores a ser
citados, cuando se han utilizado sus resultados o publicaciones.

Firmado en Granada, a 04 de Marzo del 2015
Directores de la tesis: Doctorando:

Mª Teresa Alejandra Ana Catarina
Bajo Molina Marful Quiroga Sanches Ferreira

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Over four years have passed since I first began this thesis and
none of it would have been possible had it not been for Teresa giving
me the definite push (and opportunity) to start my PhD. For hers and
Sandra's guidance throughout the entire process, I am extremely
grateful. Each advice, each discussion, each revision of the work-in-
progress and each opportunity you have given me, has helped me
becoming a better and more motivated researcher. I am also really
thankful to the entire Memory and Language research group for taking
me in such a welcoming and cooperative environment. A special
mention to Ana and Julia for being so helpful and supportive during
this last phase.
During this time, I was fortunate enough to enjoy two short
stays abroad. To the Cognition and Oscillations Lab in Konstanz (Dr.
Simon Hanslmayr, Dr. Tobias Staudigl, Marie-Christine Fellner and
Dr. Sarang Dalal) my deepest thanks, for sharing your knowledge and
your inspiring passion for science (I did know how good I had it
there!). To the Memory Control Lab at the CBU in Cambridge (Dr.
Michael Anderson, Dr. Taylor Schmitz, Dr. Ana Catarino, Dr. Jon
Fawcett and Dr. Maria Wimber), thank you for making me feel so
welcome since day one and for all the good times we shared, in and
out of the lab. I owe you all my MRI knowledge, as well as great
lessons on how to do rigorous science.
A massive thank you to those who were with me from the
very beginning: Pete, Laura, Manolo, Vane and Carmen. I cannot
imagine going through these years without your constant support, and
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I cannot thank you enough for allways being there for me, during long
coffees and discussions, long hours in becarios, countless emails,
phone calls, gmail chats... It has been absolutely great sharing this
time with you.
To my net of support "on the outside" (Nico, Alba, José, Iara
and Andrea), thank you for letting me rehearse presentations, for
helping me choosing stimuli and recruiting participants (or being
participants yourselves) and most of all, thank you for being my
friends even when that means having to listen to me go on and on
about psychology and memory and experiments!
Last but not least, a very special thank you to Juan, Carlos
(and his Topshelf William), Javi, Sonia, Itsaso, Julián y Dan, who in
spite of their constant attempts to delay my thesis by luring me with
beer, ended up doing the exact opposite. Thank you for constantly
reminding me why I got into this in the first place and for giving me
the extra kick of motivation and inspiration I needed to finish.

Dedico este trabalho aos meus pais, ao Luís, à Paula e à Ju.
Obrigada pelo vosso apoio incondicional; por acreditarem sempre em
mim e naquilo de que sou capaz (mesmo quando eu não acredito) e
por me manterem com os pés assentes na terra ao mesmo tempo.
Obrigada pelo vosso enorme carinho, pela vossa disponibilidade, pela
vossa alegria. Obrigada por serem a melhor família que alguém pode
ter.
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INDEX

1. Introduction................................................................ 10
1.1. How does memory change with normal aging?........ 15
Aging and inhibition................................................ 18
Aging and the brain................................................. 23
1.2. Controlled inhibition and the Retrieval-Induced
Forgetting effect............................................................... 28
Neural correlates of the RIF effect.......................... 35
1.3. Are personal representations vulnerable to
controlled inhibitory mechanisms?.................................. 41
Personal representations’ special status on
cognition.................................................................. 41
Face processing models............................................ 48
1.4. Outline of the present work....................................... 52

1. Introducción................................................................ 55
1.1. ¿Cómo cambia la memoria durante el
envejecimiento normal?................................................... 62
Envejecimiento e inhibición.................................... 65
Envejecimiento y cerebro........................................ 71
1.2. Control inhibitorio y el efecto de Olvido Inducido
por la Recuperación (RIF)................................................ 76
Correlatos neurales del efecto RIF.......................... 84

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1.3. ¿Son las representaciones personales vulnerables a
mecanismos de control inhibitorio?................................. 92
El estatus especial de las representaciones
personales en la cognición........................................ 92
Modelos de procesamiento de caras.......................... 99
1.4. Esquema del presente trabajo...................................... 104
1.5. Referencias.................................................................. 106

2. Experimental Series I................................................ 129
2.1. Experiment 1a........................................................... 129
2.2. Experiment 1b........................................................... 148
2.3. Experiment 2a........................................................... 150
2.4. Experiment 2b........................................................... 156
2.5. References................................................................. 169

3. Experimental Series II............................................... 177
3.1. Experiment 3............................................................. 177
3.2. References................................................................. 219

4. Experimental Series III.............................................. 229
4.1. Experiment 4............................................................. 229
4.2. References................................................................. 270

5. Experimental Series IV................................................ 278
5.1. Experiment 5.............................................................. 278
5.2. References.................................................................. 312

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6. Conclusion................................................................... 322
6.1. Are personal representations vulnerable to
controlled inhibitory mechanisms?.................................. 323
Interference and inhibition play a role in
retrieving personal representations.......................... 324
Implications for face recognition models................ 327
6.2. What are the neural correlates of RIF?...................... 329
Role of mid-frontal theta......................................... 330
Role of frontal brain regions................................... 334
Implications for the inhibitory account of
RIF........................................................................... 337
6.3. How do inhibitory mechanisms change with normal
aging................................................................................. 339
Implications for aging theories............................... 343
6.4. Future work............................................................... 346
6.5. References................................................................. 349
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FIGURES INDEX

1 Procedure in Experiment 1a....................................... 143
2 Procedure in Experiment 2a....................................... 155
3 Behavioural results from Experiments 1 and 2.......... 159
4 Procedure and behavioural results from Experiment
3................................................................................. 189
5 Analysis of oscillatory power in Experiment 3:
interaction ................................................................. 200
6 Analysis of oscillatory power in Experiment 3: cue-
face............................................................................. 201
7 Analysis of oscillatory power in Experiment 3:
competitive-non competitive cue............................... 203
8 ERP analysis in Experiment 3: interaction................ 204
9 ERP analysis in Experiment 3: cue............................ 206
10 ERP analysis in Experiment 3: face........................... 207
11 Behavioural results from Experiment 4..................... 249
12 Analysis of oscillatory power in Experiment 4:
interaction.................................................................. 253
13 Analysis of oscillatory power in Experiment 4:
younger adults............................................................ 255
14 ERP analysis in Experiment 4: cue............................ 258
15 ERP analysis in Experiment 4: face........................... 259

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16 Procedure and behavioural results from Experiment
5................................................................................. 294
17 Positive main effects of condition and age group in
Experiment 5.............................................................. 299
18 Brain-behaviour correlation in Experiment 5............ 304

TABLE INDEX
1 Peak activations for the positive main effects of
condition and age group............................................. 300
2 Peak activations for the negative correlations with
aging.......................................................................... 301
3 Peak activations for the positive effects of condition
in each age group....................................................... 302

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