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NGRES HfiRIN COUNTY FREE LIBRARY 31111Q02296349 t"' t \ : 158745 THE TASTE OF OUR TIME MONOGRAPHS FRA ANGELICO - BOSCH - EL GRECO PIERO DELLA FRANCESCA - BOTTICELLI GIOTTO -CARPACCIO- BRUEGEL-GOYA VELAZQUEZ - REMBRANDT - MANET DEGAS- CEZANNE - RENOIR - GAUGUIN LAUTREC - VAN GOGH - ROUAULT MONET- MODIGLIANI- MATISSE - DUFY PICASSO - CHAGALL - KLEE - BRAQUE LEGER - MIRO- CHARDIN - KANDINSKY BONNARD - DiJRER - COROT - VERMEER FRAGONARD - INGRES Forthcoming POUSSIN THE GREAT ART REVOLUTIONS ROMANTICISM IMPRESSIONISM (z VOLUMES) CUBISM - FAUVISM - SURREALISM Forthcoming COURBET AND REALISM FAMOUS PLACES AS SEEN BY GREAT PAINTERS MONTMARTRE - VENICE PARIS IN THE PAST PARIS IN OUR TIME Colorplates on thejacket Jupiter and Thetis (detail), 1811. Musce Granet, Aix-en-Provence. The Casino of Raphael in Rome. Musee des Arts Decoratifs, Paris. A Distributed in the United States by THE WORLD PUBLISHING COMPANY 2231 WEST IIOTH STREET' ' * ' CLEVELAND 2, OHIO $ 7.50 V^^. i1 1 i 1 1iJI i HiiiiHttii THE TASTE OF OUR TIME Collectionplannedanddirectedby ALBERT SKIRA BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL STUDY BY GAETAN PICON Translatedfrom the French by Stuart Gilbert INGRES Marin County Free Library Civic Centpr i Buildinp S;^:^ -jiiiufniS 158745 Onthetitlepage: ViewoftheBelvedereoftheVillaBorgheseinRome, 1807. Mus6eIngres,Montauban. DistributedintheUnitedStatesby THE WORLD PUBLISHING COMPANY 2231West iiothStreet,Cleveland2,Ohio © 1967byEditionsd'ArtAlbertSkira,Geneva LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber: 67-25117 CHRONOLOGICAL SURVEY 1775 Joseph Ingres of Toulouse moves to nearby Montauban and setsupasasculptorand decorator. There,onAugust 12, 1777, he marries Anne Moulet, a native ofthe region. 1780 August 29. Birth of Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, the eldest ofseven children. 1784 David's "Oath ofthe Horatii." 1789-1791 Drawling lessons from his father, who also teaches him to sing and play the violin. 1791 Birth ofGericault. 1791-1797 Studies art at Toulouse under the landscape painter Jean Briant at the Museum du Midi, the painter Joseph Roques attheAcademiedesArts, andthesculptorJean-Pierre Vigan w^ho gives him board and lodging. He leaves Toulouse with a testimonial from his teachers "Thisyoung art student : will one day do credit to his country, judging by the high pro- mise ofthe work he is already producing." 1796 Birth ofCorot. 1797 He goesto Paris andentersDavid's studio. 1798 Birth ofDelacroix. 1800 He obtains second place in the Prix de Rome competitions, firstprizegoingtoJean-PierreGranger,David'sfavoritepupil. 1800 David's portrait ofMadame Recamier. 1801 AwardedthePrixdeRomeforhis "AchillesandAgamemnon's Envoys." 1801 Gerard's "Ossian evoking the Spirits" and Girodet's "Apo- theosis oftheFrenchWarriors"forthe ChateaudeMalmaison. 1801-1806 Prevented bypolitical eventsfrom goingto Rome, Ingres works on in Paris, in close touch with Gros, Girodet, Granet, and Bartolini. His first portraits: Bonaparte as First Consul, Gilibert, Bartolini, the Riviere family, "La Belle Zelie," drawings ofthe Forestier family. 1806 September. Leaves Paris for Italy, traveling by way of Turin, Milan, Bologna and Florence, reaching Rome on October 11. 1806-1810 Resident at the French Academy in Rome (Villa Medici). Familiarizes himself with the Vatican collections and the Sis- tine Chapel. Paints "Oedipus and the Sphinx," "La Baigneuse de Valpin^on," "Jupiter and Thetis," and the portraits of Granet and Madame Devau9ay. i8o8 Birth ofDaumier. 1810-1820 His term ofstudy at the Villa Medici comingto an end in 1810, he decides to remainin Rome and takes rooms at No. 40 Via Gregoriana. He paints "Romulus Vanquisher of Acron" and "Ossian's Dream" for the imperial palace ofMontecavallo on the Ouirinal, "Virgil reading the Aeneid" for the Villa Aldobrandini where the governor ofRome resides, the "Large Odalisque," "Roger delivering Angelica" and "Christ giving St Peterthe Keys ofParadise." Manyportraits (ofhighFrench officials, of Madame de Senonnes) and countless drawings. In 1814 he goes to Naples to paint the portraits of the Murat family. This same year he marries Madeleine Chapelle, a milliner from Gueret in central France. 1814 Birth ofMillet. 1819 Gericault's "Raft ofthe Medusa." Birth ofChasseriau. Birth ofCourbet. 1820-1824 Lives in Florence, moving there from Rome so as to be near his old friend, the sculptor Bartolini. Portraits of Barto- lini, of Count Gouriev, of Monsieur and Madame Leblanc. From 1821 to 1824 he works on "The Vow of Louis XIII." 1823 Death ofPrud'hon. 1824 Birth ofPuvis de Chavannes. Death ofGericault. Delacroix's "Massacres ofChios." 1824-1825 Ingres returns to Paris forthe Salon, where his "Vow of Louis XIII" (exhibited at the same time as Delacroix's "Massacres of Chios") is admired and praised. This success silences his critics andestablisheshis reputation.Awardedthe CrossoftheLegionofHonorandelectedamemberofthe Insti- tut,receiving eighteenvotes against seventeen forHoraceVer- net.HeopensaschoolintheRuedesMarais(nowRueVisconti). 1825 Death ofDavid. 1 1826-1834 He paints "The Apotheosis of Homer" (1826-1827), aceiling panelforthe CharlesXMuseumintheLouvre. Works on "TheMartyrdom ofSt Symphorian," begunin 1824 and not finished until 1834: it is unfavorably criticized when shown at the Salon. Portraits of Monsieur Bertin and Count Mole. Disappointed by the failure of what he regards as his major work to date, he applies for the post of director of the French Academy in Rome. 1826 Birth ofGustave Moreau. 1827 Corot's "Bridge ofNarni." 183 Delacroix's "The Barricade." 1832 Birth ofManet. 1834 Birth ofDegas. Daumier's "Massacre in the Rue Transnonain." 1835-1841 Back in Rome as head of the French Academy, Ingres leads a busy life at the Villa Medici, repairing the buildings, improving the gardens, forming a library, setting up courses in archaeology, receiving famous visitors (Liszt, Lacordaire). Few pictures from this period: "Antiochus and Stratonice," "Odalisque with a Slave." 1835 Death ofGros. 1839 Birth ofCezanne. 1840 Birth ofMonet, 1841 Triumphalreturnto Paris,wherehis admirers offerabanquet inhishonor (426 guests), presidedbythe Marquis de Pastoret. Berlioz gives aconcertinhishonor. Louis-Philippeinviteshim to Versailles and gives a dinner-party for him at the Chateau de Neuilly. 1841 Birth ofRenoir. 1843-1847 Decorates the great hall ofthe Chateau de Dampierre for the Due de Luynes, but leaves "The Golden Age" unfinished and does no more than sketch out "The Iron Age." 1848-1849 AppointedamemberoftheArtsCouncilunderthe short- lived Second Republic,he calls for the suppression ofthejury and permission for all painters to exhibit freely at the Salon. Resigns in May 1849. 1848 Birth ofGauguin. 1849 Deathofhis wifeinJuly. Inhis griefIngres seeks comfortwith his friends the Reisets at Enghien, then with the painter Flandrin, and finally stays for a time with his old friend Marcotte. Leaves his apartment at the Institut and moves to 27 rue Jacob. 1850 Travels in Normandy (Avranches, Bayeux, Caen) and the isle ofJersey. 1851 His first donation to the Montauban museum. 1851 Courbet's "Funeral at Ornans" at the Salon. 1852 He marries Delphine Ramel, a lady offorty-three. Every year from now on he spends the summer at Meung-sur-Loire. 1853 Birth ofVan Gogh. 1855 HeexhibitsoversixtypicturesattheParisWorld'sFair. Inthe awarding of prizes, he receives only a second-class medal of honor, first prize going to Horace Vernet. But he alone, as an exceptional distinction, is nominated by the Emperor grand officer of the Legion of Honor. 1856 Death ofChasseriau. 1859 Birth ofSeurat. i860 Returning to Paris from Italy, Degas draws and paints under the influence ofIngres. 1861 Highly successful exhibition of his drawings in Paris. 1861 Puvis de Chavannes exhibits "War" and "Peace" at the Salon. 1862 Ingres exhibition at Montauban. The Emperor Napoleon III makes him a senator, then a member ofthe Imperial Council ofPublic Instruction. 1863 Ingres finishes "The Turkish Bath." 1863 Death ofDelacroix. Manet's "Dejeuner sur I'Herbe" exhibited at the Salon des Refuses, a special showing of pictures refused by the official Salon. Cezanne visits the Salon des Refuses. 1864 Birth ofToulouse-Lautrec. Gustave Moreau's "Oedipus and the Sphinx" exhibited at the Salon. 1867 On January 8 Ingres makes a drawing of Giotto's "Christ in the Tomb," invites a few friends to dinner, provides a musical entertainment, and catches a chill when seeing his friends off. Dies on January 14 at 1 a.m. Buried at the Pere-Lachaise cemetery in Paris. The greater part of his collections and all the works stored in his studio (over 4000 drawings) are bequeathed to the city of Montauban. Ingres retrospective exhibition at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, Paris. 1867 Birth ofBonnard.