Hongfei Lin Min Zhang Liang Pang (Eds.) 6 2 0 3 1 S C Information Retrieval N L 27th China Conference, CCIR 2021 Dalian, China, October 29–31, 2021 Proceedings Lecture Notes in Computer Science 13026 Founding Editors Gerhard Goos Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany Juris Hartmanis Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Editorial Board Members Elisa Bertino Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA Wen Gao Peking University, Beijing, China Bernhard Steffen TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany Gerhard Woeginger RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany Moti Yung Columbia University, New York, NY, USA More information about this subseries at http://www.springer.com/series/7407 Hongfei Lin Min Zhang (cid:129) (cid:129) Liang Pang (Eds.) Information Retrieval 27th China Conference, CCIR 2021 – Dalian, China, October 29 31, 2021 Proceedings 123 Editors Hongfei Lin Min Zhang DalianUniversity ofTechnology Department ofComputer Science Dalian, China TsinghuaUniversity Beijing,China LiangPang Institute of Computing Technology ChineseAcademy of Sciences Beijing,China ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic) Lecture Notesin Computer Science ISBN 978-3-030-88188-7 ISBN978-3-030-88189-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88189-4 LNCSSublibrary:SL1–TheoreticalComputerScienceandGeneralIssues ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2021 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynow knownorhereafterdeveloped. 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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface The 2021 China Conference on Information Retrieval (CCIR 2021), co-organized by the Chinese Information Processing Society of China (CIPS) and the Chinese Computer Federation (CCF), was the 27th installment of the conference series. The conferencewashostedbyDalianUniversityofForeignLanguagesinDalian,Liaoning, China, during October 29–31, 2021. The annual CCIR conference serves as the major forum for researchers and prac- titionersfrombothChinaandotherAsiancountries/regionstosharetheirideas,present newresearchresults,anddemonstratenewsystemsandtechniquesinthebroadfieldof informationretrieval(IR).SinceCCIR2017,theconferencehasenjoyedcontributions spanning the theory and application of IR, both in English and Chinese. This year we received a total of 124 submissions from both China and other Asian countries. Each submission was carefully reviewed by at least three domain experts, and the Program Committee (PC) chairs made the final decisions. We accepted 72, among which 15 were English papers and 57 were Chinese papers. The final English program of CCIR 2021 featured 15 papers. CCIR 2021 included abundant academic activities. Besides keynote speeches delivered by world-renowned scientists from China and abroad, and traditional paper presentation sessions and poster sessions, we also hosted a young scientist forum, an evaluationworkshop,andtutorialsonfrontierresearch topics.Wealsoinvitedauthors from related international conferences (such as SIGIR and CIKM) to share their research results as well. CCIR 2021 featured four keynote speeches by James Allen (UniversityofMassachusettsAmherst),SiWu(PekingUniversity),JunWang(UCL), and Zhongyuan Wang (Meituan Inc.). The conference and program chairs of CCIR 2021 extend their sincere gratitude to all authors and contributors to this year’s conference. We are also grateful to the PC members for their reviewing effort, which guaranteed that CCIR 2021 could feature a quality program of original and innovative research in IR. Special thanks go to our sponsors for their generosity: Meituan Inc., Huawei Inc., and Baidu Inc. October 2021 Hong Liu Jiafeng Guo Hongfei Lin Min Zhang Liang Pang Organization General Chairs Hong Liu Dalian University of Foreign Languages, China Jiafeng Guo Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Program Committee Chairs Hongfei Lin Dalian University of Technology, China Min Zhang Tsinghua University, China Proceedings Chairs Ruihua Qi Dalian University of Foreign Languages, China Liang Yang Dalian University of Technology, China Publicity Chair Zhumin Chen Shandong University, China Publication Chair Liang Pang Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Webmaster Yuan Lin Dalian University of Technology, China Youth Forum Chairs Xin Zhao Renmin University of China, China Chenliang Li Wuhan University, China CCIR Cup Chairs Jianming Lv South China University of Technology, China Weiran Xu Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China viii Organization Sponsorship Chairs Qi Zhang Fudan University, China Zhongyuan Wang Kwai Inc., China Treasurers Kan Xu Dalian University of Technology, China Song Yang Dalian University of Foreign Languages, China Award Chair Ru Li Shanxi University, China Program Committee Ting Bai Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China Fei Cai National University of Defense Technology, China Jiawei Chen UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,China Xiaoliang Chen Xihua University, China Yubo Chen InstituteofAutomation,ChineseAcademyofSciences, China Zhumin Chen Shandong University, China Zhicheng Dou Renmin University of China, China Yajun Du Xihua University, China Yixing Fan Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Shengxiang Gao KunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,China Zhongyuan Han Foshan University, China Yanbin Hao UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,China Ben He University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Xiangnan He UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,China Yu Hong Soochow University, China Zhuoren Jiang Zhejiang University, China Ting Jin Hainan University, China Yanyan Lan Tsinghua University, China Chenliang Li Wuhan University, China Lishuang Li Dalian University of Technology, China Ru Li Shanxi University, China Shangsong Liang Sun Yat-sen University, China Xiangwen Liao Fuzhou University, China Hongfei Lin Dalian University of Technology, China Yuan Lin Dalian University of Technology, China Chang Liu Peking University, China Peiyu Liu Shandong Normal University, China Organization ix Yue Liu Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Cheng Luo Tsinghua University, China Zhunchen Luo PLA Academy of Military Science, China Jianming Lv South China University of Technology, China Ziyu Lyu Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Weizhi Ma Tsinghua University, China Jiaxin Mao Tsinghua University, China Xianling Mao Beijing Institute of Technology, China Liqiang Nie Shandong University, China Liang Pang Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Zhaochun Ren Shandong University, China Tong Ruan East China University of Science and Technology, China Huawei Shen Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Dawei Song Beijing Institute of Technology, China Ruihua Song Renmin University of China, China Xuemeng Song Shandong University, China Hongye Tan Shanxi University, China Songbo Tan Beijing Hengchang Litong Investment Management Co., Ltd., China Liang Tang Information Engineering University, China Hongjun Wang TRS Information Technology Co., Ltd., China Pengfei Wang Beijing Institute of Technology, China Suge Wang Shanxi University, China Ting Wang National University of Defense Technology, China Zhiqiang Wang Shanxi University, China Zhongyuan Wang Meituan, China Dan Wu Wuhan University, China Le Wu Hefei University of Technology, China Yueyue Wu Tsinghua University, China Jun Xu Renmin University of China, China Tong Xu UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,China Weiran Xu Beijing Institute of Technology, China Hongbo Xu Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Kan Xu Dalian University of Technology, China Hongfei Yan Peking University, China Xiaohui Yan Huawei, China Muyun Yang Harbin Institute of Technology, China Zhihao Yang Dalian University of Technology, China Dongyu Zhang Dalian University of Technology, China Hu Zhang Shanxi University, China x Organization Min Zhang Tsinghua University, China Peng Zhang Tianjin University, China Qi Zhang Fudan University, China Ruqing Zhang Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Weinan Zhang Harbin Institute of Technology, China Ying Zhang Nankai University, China Yu Zhang Harbin Institute of Technology, China Chengzhi Zhang Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China Xin Zhao Renmin University of China, China Jianxing Zheng Shanxi University, China Qingqing Zhou Nanjing Normal University, China Jianke Zhu Zhejiang University, China Xiaofei Zhu Chongqing University of Technology, China Zhenfang Zhu ShanDong JiaoTong University, China Jiali Zuo Jiangxi Normal University, China