Infertility and Reproductive Medicine Clinics of North America 1994: Vol 5 Index

15 Pages·1994·2.7 MB·English

CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994
Volume 5
January REPRODUCTIVE GENETICS, pages 1-238
April STUDY DESIGNS AND STATISTICS, pages 239-389
July ADHESIONS, pages 391-553
October ENDOCRINOLOGY OF PREGNANCY, pages 555-843
Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Abortion(s), euploidic, developmental gene Activin, placental, 600-601
mutations in, 170-171 Addison disease, in pregnancy, 761
collagen type 1, 171 Adhesion formation, 391-404, 405-412,
in cell aggregation and extracellular 413-426, 427-436, 437-444, 445-461
matrix genes, 170-171 abdominal incision in, 432
in homebox, 170 biochemical mechanisms in, 445-448
in oncogenes, 170 ectopic pregnancy in, 397
maternal, 170 endometriosis in, 398
toxic embryopathy, 171 growth factors in, 416
mendelian disorders in, 169-170 hemostasis in, 428, 432
autosomal dominant, 169 infectious causes of, 395, 396
autosomal recessive, 170 infertility from, 397
X-linked gene mutations, 170 mechanism of, 391-393
multifactorial conditions in, 168-169 morphogenesis of, 413-415
recurrent, aneuploidy in, from gamete electron microscopy in, 414, 415
aging, 166-167 light microscopy in, 414
from gametogenesis errors, 166 myomectomy in, 394, 397, 398
chromosomal rearrangements in, bal- ovarian surgery in, 399, 433
anced parental, 161-166 pathophysiology of, 413-426
translocations in, 161-166 peritoneal packing in, 432
X chromosome mosaicism, 163 postmortem evaluation of, 393-395
evaluation and counseling in, 170-171 postoperative, 427-436, 437-442, 445-456
obstetric history and, 180-181 comparison of, 437-444
spontaneous, in peri- and postmeno- surgical reduction of, 427-436, 445-461
pausal pregnancy, 821, 824 tissue ischemia from, 428, 429
sporadic aneuploidic, 158-161 Adhesion prevention, 445-461, 463-478,
autosomal trisomies in, 158-159 463-478
chromosomal abnormalities in, in IVF, animal studies of, 511-522
160-161 external medications in, 450-452
classic mole, 159-160 antibiotics, 431, 432, 450
monosomy X in, 160, 182 colchicine, 452
mosaicism in, 160 corticosteroids, 450, 451
structural rearrangements, unbalanced, glucocorticoids, 450
160 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,
tetraploidy in, 160 451
triploidy in, 159, 182 progestins, 451, 452
829
830 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994
Adhesion prevention (Continued) American Fertility Society (AFS), 297, 299-
promethazine, 450 300, 303-304
hyaluronic acid in, 454 AMH. See Anti-miillerian hormone (AMH).
instillates in, 463-478 Amniocentesis, early, 204—205
intraperitoneal heparin in, 454 safety of, 199
intraperitoneal solutions in, 452-454 techniques for, 197-198
dextran 70, 452-455 Androgen, action of, 75
Hyskon, 452-454 deficiency syndromes and, 5a-reductase
sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 453 deficiency, 76-77
nonbarrier methods in, 445-448 androgen insensitivity, 75-76
adhesion receptors, 446 in pseudohermaphroditism, male, insen-
cadherins, 446 sitivity in, 651-655
integrins, 447 pubertal action of, 652-653
selectins, 446 in sexual differentiation, 69, 75-77
phosphatidylcholine in, 454 maternal, 760
superoxide dismutase in, 455 in female pseudohermaphroditism, 662
surgical techniques and, modification of, Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS),
448, 449 clinical presentation of, 75-76
tissue plasminogen activator in, 532-536 molecular analysis of, 76
Adhesion reduction, 427-436, 445-461, Aneuploidy, fetal, fluorescence in situ
539-550 hybridization for, 207-209
poloxamer 407 in, 541-546 in abortion, recurrent, 166-167
Adhesion(s). See also Pelvic adhesions; sporadic, 158-161
Peritoneum, adhesions in. maternal serum markers for, 186-188
lysis of, 432, 433 Anovulation, during lactation, 791
pelvic, 391-412 Anterior pituitary gland, in ovarian cycle,
peritoneal, 415-416 follicle-stimulating hormone in, 557-
Adrenal gland, fetal, congenital hyperpla- 559
sia of, enzyme deficiencies in, 756- gonadotropin-releasing hormone in,
758 557-559
congenital hypoplasia of, 755-756 luteinizing hormone in, 557-559
disorders of, 755-758 Anti-miillerian hormone (AMH), 70
functional aspects of, 752 in sexual differentiation, 70, 74
growth of, 755 in testicular differentiation, 642, 645-646
morphology of, 749-752 Antibiotics, prophylactic, in adhesion
normal development and physiology prevention, 431, 432, 450
of, 749-755 ASFR (age-specific fertility rate), 265-267
steroidogenesis in, 750-755
in pregnancy, 749-764
maternal, disorders of, 760-762
normal alterations in, 758-760 Bias(es), in case-control studies,
Adrenal hyperplasia, congenital, lipoid, in confounders, 328-329
female pseudohermaphroditism, in data analysis, 366-367
659-660 information, 327-329
in male pseudohermaphroditism, selection, 326-327
648 in epidemiologic studies, confounding
virilizing, in female factors, 241
pseudohermaphroditism, 659-662 information, 241
AFS (American Fertility Society), 297, 299- misclassification, 241
300, 303-304 selection, 240
Age-specific fertility rate (ASFR), 265-267 in fecundability studies, in data interpre-
AHO (Albright hereditary osteodystrophy), tation, 314-316
105, 115 in infertility studies, 254
AIS. See Androgen insensitivity syndrome Biopsy, preimplantation, 213-220
(AIS). blastocyst trophectoderm, 214-216
Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), blastomere analysis, at cleavage stage,
105, 115 218-221
Amenorrhea, postpartum, in natural fertil- polar body, removal from oocytes,
ity, 264-265 216-218
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 831
Birth defects, maternal age and, 825 Chromosomal translocations, in B-cell
Birth intervals, in natural fertility, 265 chronic myelogenous leukemia, 127
Bleeding model, in adhesion, 499, 501 in chronic myelogenous leukemia, 126-
Breast, genetics and, fibrocystic benign 127
disease, 148 in lymphoma, follicular, 127
genetics and, 147-149 Chromosomally competent ovarian failure
size and, 147-148 (CCOF), associated pathologies in, 61-—
supernumerary nipple, 148 62
clinical presentation of, 61
molecular basis of, 62
Chromosomally incompetent ovarian
CAH. See Congenital adrenal hyperplasia failure (CIOF) (Turner syndrome),
(CAH). clinical findings in, 55-56
Calcitonin (CT), in calcium homeostasis, in menstrual function and, 57, 59
pregnancy, 712-713 phenotype for, 644
Calcium homeostasis, in pregnancy. See pregnancy outcome in, 59-60
Pregnancy, calcium homeostasis in. treatment of, 60
Cancer genetics, 121-142. See also Onco- 45,X/46,XY male phenotype in, 57-58
genes. 45,X cell-line in, 55
chromosomal translocations in, 126-127 45,XX cell-line in, 56
oncogenes in, 122-125 CIOF. See Chromosomally incompetent
proto-oncogenes in, 121-122 ovarian failure (CIOF) (Turner
products of, in signal transduction cas- syndrome).
cades, 122-123 Clinical trials, 247-248, 337-364
analysis of, statistical methods in, 365-
transcriptional regulatory factors in, 128—
385. See also Statistical methods, in
129
clinical trials.
tumor suppressor genes in, 121-122,
data analysis in, 346-348
129-137
design of, criteria in, eligibility and ex-
Case control, in observational study, 249-
clusion, 340-341
250
crossover and blinding in, 345-346
Case-control studies, 321-335
double-blinding in, 340
design of, 325-326
hypothesis in, 340
overview of, 330-332 multicenter studies in, 345
rationale for, 321-323
outcomes in, 343
strengths of, 323-324
power analysis in, 343-344
validity and interpretation of, bias in,
treatments in, allocation of, 341-342
326-329
selection of, 342-343
definitions in, 329 history of, 337-339
statistical significance in, 329 in infertility literature, medical, 353, 355-
weaknesses of, 324 356
Case reports, in epidemiologic studies, of fresh versus frozen insemination,
241-242 349-351
Case series, in epidemiologic studies, 241— of GnRH-a and hMG versus hMG
242 alone, in IVF, 356, 358, 360
CCOF. See Chromosomally competent ovarian of intracervical versus intrauterine in-
failure (CCOF). semination, 351-352
CCR. See Cumulative conception rate (CCR). of luteal phase deficiency, 351, 353-354
CFS (completed family size), 266 of luteal phase support of IVF cycles,
Chlamydia, adhesion and, 396 359-361
Cholesterol 20,22-desmolase, in testoste- surgical, 356-357
rone synthesis, 648-649 limitations of, 348
Chorionic somatomammotropin, placental, uses of, 339
599 CMM (cutaneous malignant melanoma),
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), advan- 137
tage of, 199-200 CO, laser, adhesion formation and, 399,
limb reduction defects from, 202-204 400, 410
pregnancy loss following, 202 in postoperative adhesions, reduction of,
techniques in, 200-201 438-441
832 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994
Completed family size (CFS), 266 implications of, 294-295
Confounders, in case-control studies, 328- medical services utilization and,
329 291-294
in epidemiologic studies, 241 parity, 289-290
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), race, 290-291, 293-294
clinical aspects of, 82 data sources and, 283-284
genital ambiguity in, 88, 90-91 definitions in, 284-286
pathophysiology of, 81, 83 fecundity in, impaired, 287-288
steroidogenesis in, 84 infertility status in, 286-287
Correlational studies, 241 of natural fertility, 261-269
Corticotropin, chorionic, placental, 598 Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), (DGGE), in single base differences, 23-
placental, 599-600 26
Counseling, in recurrent abortion, 170-171 dEPID program, for calculation of
CRH. See Corticotropin-releasing hormone efficiency and efficacy, 382
(CRH). Dextran 70, animal studies of, 469
Cross-sectional studies, 243 clinical studies of, 470-472
Crystalloid, absorption of, 466 in adhesion prevention, 452-455, 463,
in adhesion prevention, 463, 466-468, 467-475
470, 475 in peritonitis, 475
in peritonitis, 468 mechanism of action of, 470
solutions of, 467 side effects of, 473-475
CT. See Calcitonin (CT). DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electropho-
resis), in single base differences, 23-26
Cumulative conception rate (CCR),
biochemical, 368 Diabetes mellitus. See also Gestational diabe-
tes mellitus (GDM).
chemical, 368
for treatment efficacy and efficiency, in peri- and postmenopausal pregnancy,
377-379 825
in pregnancy 671-684
in clinical trials, statistics and, 368-369
measurement of, 368-369 antepartum testing in, 680
classification and diagnosis of, 673-675
statistical methods and, in calculation of,
379 complications of, fetal, 677-678, 680
maternal, 675-677
in estimation of, 376-377
counseling in, preconceptual, 672
Cumulative healthy birth rate, statistics
delivery timing in, 680
and, 368
Cushing syndrome, ACTH-related, in gestational, 674, 681, 685-697
management of, 687-681
pregnancy, 761
pathophysiology of, 672-673
Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), Discriminatory zone, in combination
137
ultrasonography and human chorionic
CVS. See Chorionic villus sampling (CVS).
gonadotropin testing, 620-624
Cystic fibrosis, genetic diagnosis of,
DNA sequences, differences in, 11-28
polymerase chain reaction in, 37-38, analysis of, 13-14
224-227
diagnosis and, 12-13
preimplantation, 224-227 in mutation detection, gene deletion and
Cytokine growth factors, placental, 600 rearrangement in, 21-22
Cytotrophoblasts. See Trophoblast(s). point mutations, with gene scanning
methods, 22-23
single base sequence, denaturing gra-
dient gel electrophoresis in, 23-26
Data, analysis of, bias in, 366-367 uses of, 20
in clinical trials, 346-348 polymorphism in, detection of, with
in fecundability studies, 312-313 Southern blots, 14-18
collection of, 311-312 in repetitive sequences, 18-20
fertility, sources of, 283-284 microsatellite, 18-20
interpretation of, 314-316 minisatellite, 18
Demography, of fertility, 283-296 uses of, 14
correlates and trends in, age, 288-289 DNA sequencing, polymerase chain
education and occupation, 290-291, reaction and, 29-51. See also Polymer-
293-294 ase chain reaction (PCR).
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 833
Down syndrome, screening for, fetal case reports and series in, 241-242
karyotyping in, 186-187 characteristics of, 243-244
human chorionic gonadotropin in, correlational studies in, 243
187-188 cross-sectional studies in, 243
maternal a-fetoprotein in, 186-188 disease frequency in, 242
maternal a-fetoprotein-B-human surveillance in, 242-243
chorionic gonadotropin in, 636- evolution of examples of, 250-251 ,
637 experimental, 247-248
maternal a-fetoprotein-B-human of infertility, bias in, 254
chorionic gonadotropinestriol in, definitions in, 251-252
636 exposure assessment in, 253-254
maternal age and, 184-185 methodologic issues in, 251-254
uE3 in, 187-188 population selection in, 252-253
ultrasonography in, 190-191 outcome measures in, fecundability, 309-
320. See also Fecundability.
Epidermal growth factor, in adhesion
formation, 421
e-PTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene). Estriol, in Down syndrome screening, 636
See Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); Gore- in placental function test, clinical use of,
Tex surgical membrane. 631-632
ECM. See Extracellular matrix (ECM). urinary versus serum, 631
Effectiveness, in clinical trials, 374-375 Estrogen, in endometrial cycle, secretory
Efficacy, estimation of, 377-379 phase of, 562, 565
in clinical trials, 374-377 in lactation, 793-794
relative, calculation of, 380-382 in lactogenesis, 804
Efficiency, estimation of, 377-379 in puerperium, 786-787
in clinical trials, 374-377 Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene
relative, calculation of, 380-382 (e-PTFE). See Polytetrafluoroethylene
Electrosurgery, adhesions and, 438 (PTFE); Gore-Tex surgical membrane.
Endometrial cycle, 560-566 Extracellular matrix (ECM), 447
menstruation in, 565-566 in adhesion formation, 416, 417
proliferative phase in, 561-562
secretory phase in, 562-565
Endometriosis, adhesions in, 397, 438, 441,
502 Fecundability, definition of, 284-285
genetics and, 151-152 in epidemiologic studies, 309-320
Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule, background of, 310-311
448 data and, analysis of, 312-313
Energy requirements, for reproduction, collection of, 311-312
267, 269-270 interpretation of, 314-316
Enzyme deficiency(ies), steroidogenic, 81- future of, 319
104 in natural fertility, 261, 263-264
3B-hydroxysteroid, 85-87 statistical measurement of, 369-370
11B-hydroxylase (P450c11), 92-94 Fecundity, definition of, 284
17a-hydroxylase (P450c17), 94-96 impaired, 287-288
21-hydroxylase (P450c21), 87-89 Fertility, adhesion effect on, 405-412
clinical manifestations of, 81-82 demography of, 283-296
of cholesterol side-chain cleavage natural, 259-282
enzyme, 83, 85 Fertilization, 572-576
of dehydrogenase, 85-87 errors in, from gamete aging, 166-167
steroidogenesis and, 81, 83-84 interactions in, sperm-plasma membrane,
Epidemiologic study(ies), 239-258 573
analytical, description of, 244-245 sperm-zona pellucida, 572-573
observational design in, 245-246, 248- oocytes in, activation of, 573-575
251 maturation of, 572
comparison in, different designs with Fetal cell analysis, granulocytes in, 207
similar results, 254-256 lymphocytes in, 206-207
concepts and terms in, 239-241 maternal blood and, 205-206
descriptive, 241-244 nucleated red cells in, 207
834 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994
Fetal cell analysis (Continued) structure of, 1-2
trophoblasts in, 206 transcription of, coding sequences in, 4-5
Fetal hormone(s). See also Sexual differentia- enhancers in, 3-4
tion. initiation of, 2
in sexual differentiation, 641-670 protein factors in, 1-2
anti-miillerian hormone, 642, 645-646 translation of, elongation reaction in, 6-8
miillerian inhibiting factor, 642, 645 initiation of, 5-7
testis-determining factor, 644 interactions in, 5
testosterone, 643-645 termination of, 8-9
Fetal wastage. See also Abortion(s). Genetic abnormalities, screening for, pre-
genetics and, 157-176 conceptual, 179-196
chromosomal abnormalities in, 158- Genital ambiguity, female, genetics and, 87
168 management of, neonatal, 88
in recurrent abortions, 161-168 surgical, 90-91
in sporadic aneuploidic abortions, Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), 674,
158-161 681, 685-697
euploidic abortions and, 168-171 delivery timing in, 693-695
evaluation and counseling and, 171- diagnosis of, criteria for, 686
173 oral glucose tolerance test in, 689
scope of, 157-158 three-hour glucose tolerance test in,
Fibroblast growth factor, in adhesion 690-691
formation, 421 fetal surveillance in, 694-695
Field effect, 498 fetal wastage from, 685-686, 693-694
FISH. See Fluorescence in situ hybridization macrosomia from, 687, 691-693
(FISH). maternal glycemia level in, 687-688
Flowgel Antiadhesion, 540, 545 screening for, 688-689
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), significance of, 685-688
versus polymerase chain reactions, for treatment of, diet and nutrition in, 691-
fetal aneuploidy, 207-209 692
Fluorescence in vitro hybridization, in exercise in, 693
preimplantation diagnosis, 225, 227 glucose monitoring in, 692
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), in insulin in, 692-693
ovarian cycle, 557-558 GHRH. See Growth hormone-releasing
in puerperium, 786-788, 792 hormone (GHRH).
Foreign body(ies), in adhesion formation, Glucocorticoids, maternal, 758-760
415, 416, 429, 430 Glycoprotein hormone receptor genes, in
glove resins, 430, 431 hormone resistance syndromes, for
suture, 394, 429, 430 luteinizing /chorionic gonadotropin,
talc, 394 115
FSH. See Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). for thyroid-stimulating hormone, 116
Glycoprotein hormone receptors, in
hormone resistance syndromes, 112-
113
Galactokinesis, involution of, 813 GnRH. See Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
milk ejection reflex in, 809-810 (GnRH).
Galactopoiesis, contraception and, 814 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH),
in lactation, 805-809 in ovarian cycle, 557-559
involution of, 813-814 in puerperium, 788, 790-792
Gametogenesis, errors in, aneuploidy from, placental, 599
166 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
GDM. See Gestational diabetes mellitus receptor, in hormone resistance
(GDM). syndromes, 116
Genes, 1-10 Gonadotropin resistance syndrome, female,
regulatory sequences in, 2-3 114
scanning of, denaturing gradient gel male, 114
electrophoresis in, 23-26 Gore-Tex surgical membrane, 509-528
for mutations, 22-26 adhesion prevention studies of, 511-524
single-strand conformation polymor- animal, 511-522
phism and, 22-23 human, 522-524
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 835
adhesions and, 398 production and secretion of, 591-592,
dextran 70 solutions and, 463 595, 598
in reduction of adhesion formation, 428 Human placental gonadotropin (hPG), in
physical structure of, 509-511 puerperium, 790
poloxamer solutions and, 542, 545 Human placental lactogen (hPL), from
tissue interaction with, 509-511 villous synctiotrophoblasts, 596
Growth hormone, in lactogenesis, 804 synthesis and secretion of, 597-598
placental (chorionic somatomammotro- in lactation, 793
pin), 599 in lactogenesis, 805
Growth hormone-releasing hormone in placental function test, 629-630
(GHRRH), placental, 599 in pregnancy and puerperium, 788, 790
Gynecologic disorder(s), genetics and, 143- Hyaluronic acid, in adhesion prevention,
156. See also named disorder, e.g., 417, 454, 481
Breast, genetics and. Hydrogel barrier, in adhesion prevention,
mammary, 147-149 546, 547
menopausal, 146-147 HSD. See entries under Hydroxysteroid
osteoporosis, 147 dehydrogenase.
pubertal, 144-146 11B-Hydroxylase deficiency (P450c11),
transmission of, 144 clinical aspects of, 92-93
uterine, 149-153 congenital adrenal hyperplasia from, 92
diagnosis of, 93
molecular aspects of, 93-94
17a-Hydroxylase deficiency (P450c17),
hCG. See Human chorionic gonadotropin clinical aspects of, 94
(hCG). in testosterone synthesis, 651
Hermaphroditism, true, 657-659. See also mechanisms of, 94
Pseudohermaphroditism. molecular aspects of, 95-96
Hormone resistance syndrome(s), 105-120. treatment of, 94
See also Insulin resistance (type A) 21-Hydroxylase deficiency (P450c21), forms
syndrome. of, nonclassic, 92
glycoprotein hormone receptor genes in, salt-wasting (P450c21B), 89, 92
115-116 simple virilizing, 92
glycoprotein hormone receptors in, 112- genital ambiguity and, 88, 90-91
113 molecular aspects of, 89
gonadotropin and thyrotropin resistance mutations causing, 89
and, FSH, LH, TSH receptors in, pathophysiology of, 87-88
112-113 3B-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3B-
gonadotropin-releasing hormone recep- HSD), in testosterone synthesis, 648-
tor in, 116 651
gonadotropin resistance, female and 3B-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
male, 114 deficiency (38-HSD), clinical aspects
insulin resistance (type A), 106-112 of, 85-87
multiple resistance, 115 in classic, 85-86
thyrotropin resistance, 114-115 in nonclassic, 86-87
hPG. See Human placental gonadotropin molecular aspects of, 87
(hPG). 17B-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17B-
hPL. See Human placental lactogen (hPL). HSD), in testosterone
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), in synthesis, 651
pregnancy diagnosis, 614-618 17B-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
agglutination inhibition reaction in, deficiency (17B-HSD), clinical aspects
612-613, 615 of, 96-97
assays for, 613-616 molecular aspects of, 97-98
home tests for, 616-617 Hyperandrogenism, in insulin resistance
office or laboratory kits for, 616 syndrome, 112
sensitivity of, 614-617 Hypercalcemia, fetal, 714-715
in puerperium, 788, 790 Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism
placental, as marker, 596 (Klinefelter syndrome), 55
degradation of, 596-597 azoospermia and oligospermia in, 60-61
effects of, 595-596 genetic basis of, 61
836 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994
Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism corticotropin-releasing hormone, 599-
(Klinefelter syndrome) (Continued) 0
treatment of, 61 cytokine growth factors and TGFa, 600
Hyperparathyroidism, in pregnancy, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, 599
clinical features of, 717 growth hormone-releasing hormone,
diagnosis of, 717 599
incidence and etiology of, 715-716 inhibin, 600-601
production and regulation of, 599-601
maternal-perinatal, consequences of,
715-716 relaxin, 600
thyrotropin-releasing hormone, 599
pharmacotherapy for, 718
surgery for, 717-718 Hypothesis, in IVF and GIFT trials, testing
of, 377-383
Hypertension, in peri- and postmenopausal
Hypothyroidism, congenital neonatal, 704
pregnancy, 824, 826 in pregnancy, 703-704
Hyperthyroidism, in pregnancy, 700-703 Hyskon, 542. See also Dextran 70.
antithyroid agents for, 702
in adhesion prevention, 448, 452, 463,
diagnosis of, 701 468-475
from autoimmune-related disorders, Hysterectomy, adhesion formation from,
701 394
from Graves’ disease, 701 Gore-Tex surgical membrane in, 515
methimazole for, 702
propylthiouracil for, 702
radioactive iodine for, 701-702
thyroid storm in, 703 ICAM, 446-448
Hypocalcemia, fetal, 714 Idiopathic hypogonadotropic
Hypoglycemia, fetal, from diabetes hypogonadism (IHH), constitutional
mellitus, maternal, 679 delay versus, 62-63
Hypogonadism, diagnosis of, 53-55 genetic aspects of, 63-64
genetics of, 53-68 treatment of, 63
gonadal failure in, chromosomally com- IHH. See Idiopathic hypogonadotropic
hypogonadism (IHH).
petent, female, 61-62
IL-1. See Interleukin—1 (IL-1).
male, 62
Implantation, in pregnancy, 576-584
chromosomally incompetent, female,
paracrine interaction in, 582
55-60, 61-62
research in, 583-584
male, hypergonadotropic, 55, 60-61. trophoblast-endometrium interaction
See also Hypergonadotropic hypo- in, 576-582
gonadism.
In vitro fertilization (IVF), abortion follow-
hypoeugonadotropic, 62-66 ing, chromosomal abnormalities in,
chromosomes in, 65-66 160-161
constitutional delay versus idiopathic in infertility, adhesion-related, 410, 431,
hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 519
and, 62-63 Infertility, definition of, 285-286
gene receptors in, 65 Inflammatory response, mediators of, in
KALIG-1 gene in, 64-65 parturition, 771
reversible versus irreversible, 62-63 Inhibin, placental, 600-601
syndromes associated with, 64-66 Instillate(s), in adhesion prevention, 463-
treatment of, 63 478
pituitary disorders in, 66 intraperitoneal, 479-483
Hypoparathyroidism, in pregnancy, clinical chondroitin sulphate, 481, 482
aspects of, 719-720 heparin, 481
hyaluronic acid, 481
diagnosis of, 720
Ringer’s lactate, 479-481
incidence and etiology of, 718-719
animal studies of, 479, 480
management of, 720-721 clinical studies of, 480, 481
maternal-perinatal, 719 sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 481
Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, in Insulin, for diabetes in pregnancy,
menstrual cycle, 555-570. See also postdelivery, 681
Menstrual cycle. predelivery, 678-679
Hypothalamus, in ovarian cycle, 555-557 Insulin-like growth factor, in adhesion
placental hormones of, activin, 600-601 formation, 421
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 837
Insulin receptor, in insulin resistance effect on pelvic pain and fertility, 496,
syndrome, adenosine triphosphate- 407, 409-411
binding site in, 111 second-look, adhesion prevention in, 463
affinity reduction in, 110 adhesion reduction in, 433, 434
deletion of coding sequence in, 111- in adhesion formation, 410, 411
112 Interceed in, 485, 486, 491, 500, 502-
intracellular processing and transport 504
in, 110 versus laparotomy, 437-444
obesity and, 111 in adhesion formation, 487, 502, 504
postreceptor signaling systems in, 108- Laparotomy, adhesion reduction in, 431,
109 433, 437-444
subunits of, 106-107 Interceed in, 486, 487, 502, 504
tyrosine kinase activity defects in, 110 pelvic adhesions from, 394, 398-402, 410
Insulin resistance (type A) syndrome, Laser(s), CO,, in adhesion formation, 399,
hyperandrogenism in, 112 400, 410, 438-441
insulin receptor and, 106-112 Nd:YAG, in adhesion formation, 397, 399
insulin receptor gene and, 106-107, 111- LH. See Luteinizing hormone (LH).
112 Limb reduction defects (LRD), from
mRNA decrease in, 112 chorionic villus sampling, 202-204
Intent-to-treat analysis, of randomized trial, LRD. See Limb reduction defects (LRD).
374-376 Luteinizing hormone (LH), in ovarian
Interceed (TC7), 485-507, 542, 545 cycle, 557-559
adhesion formation and, 455 in puerperium, 786-788, 791-792
in postoperative adhesion formation, re- 17, 20-Lyase, in testosterone synthesis, 651
duction of, 428, 448
Interleukin-1 (IL-1), 392, 416, 419, 421, 423
Intraperitoneal circulation, dextran 70
solutions and, 464 Macrosomia, from diabetes mellitus,
Intraperitoneal instillates, 479-482. See also maternal, 677-678
Instillate(s), intraperitoneal. Mammogenesis, embryonic, 801-802
Intrauterine device (IUD), adhesions from, in pregnancy, 803-804
pelvic, 396 postpartum, 804
IUD. See Intrauterine device (IUD). pubertal, 802-803
IVF. See In vitro fertilization (IVF). Markers, in genetic screening, maternal
serum, 186-188
maternal serum a-fetoprotein, 182-183
Maternal a-fetoprotein (MSAFP),
Kallmann syndrome, 64-65 determination of, factors affecting,
Ketoacidosis, diabetic, in pregnancy, 675- 633-634
676 values in, high, 634-635
Klinefelter syndrome. See Hypergonadotropic low, 635-636
hypogonadism (Klinefelter syndrome). historical perspective on, 632-633
in genetic screening, 182-183
double versus triple screen, 636-637
McCune-Albright syndrome, genetics and,
Labor, preterm, in diabetic pregnancy, 677 145-146
Labor and delivery, age effect on, 825 Melanoma. See Cutaneous malignant mela-
Lactation, 801-817. See also Mammogenesis. noma (CMM).
anovulation during, 791 Menarche, age of onset, genetics and, 144
galactokinesis in, 809 Menopause, premature, genetics and, 146-
galactopoiesis in, 805-809 147
lactogenesis in, 804-809, 814-815 Menstrual cycle, normal, 555-570
mammogenesis and, 801-804 endometrial cycle in, 560-565
neuroendocrinology of, 793-795 menstruation in, 565-566
suppression of, pharmacologic, 814 ovarian cycle in, 555-560
weaning in, 814-815 Menstruation, 565-566
Laparoscopy, laparotomy versus, in MIF. See Miillerian inhibiting factor (MIF).
adhesion formation, 437-444 Milk, maternal, composition of, 810-813
pelvic adhesions from, 396-402 ejection reflex and, 809
838 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994
Milk (Continued) cyclins, 123
synthesis of, endocrine and autocrine ras gene, 124-125
factors in, 807-808 Oocytes, in fertilization, activation of, 573-
Mineralocorticoids, maternal, 760 575
MIS (miillerian inhibiting substance). See maturation of, 572
Anti-miillerian hormone (AMH). in peri- and postmenopausal pregnancy,
MSAEFP. See Maternal a-fetoprotein abnormalities in, 821
(MSAFP). number of, 820-821
Miillerian inhibiting factor (MIF), in Oozing model, 499, 501
testicular differentiation, 642, 645 Osteoporosis, genetics and, 147
Miillerian inhibiting substance (MIS). See in pregnancy, 721-723
Anti-miillerian hormone (AMH). Ovarian cycle, follicular phase in, 559-560
Myomectomy, 397, 398 hypothalamus in, 555-557
interactions in, 558, 561
luteal phase in, 560
ovary in, 559-560
Natural fertility, 259-282 pituitary gland in, 557-559
behavioral factors in, 278 Ovary, differentiation of, normal, 643-644
trends in United States, 276-277 in peri- and postmenopausal pregnancy,
definitions in, 259-260 oocytes and, 820-822
demographics of, 261-269 resistance of, 820
amenorrhea in, postpartum, 264-265 Ovulation, inhibition of, lactational, 791-
birth intervals in, 265 792, 813-814
fecundability in, 261, 263-264 postpartum, 791-792
level and pattern of fertility in, 265- Ovum donation, in peri- and
269 postmenopausal pregnancy, 823-824,
reproductive life span in, 261-262 826
disease and, demographic effect of, 275- Oxytocin, in lactation, 794-795
276 in puerperium, 786, 789
effects of, 273-274
infectious and parasitic, 275
sexually transmitted, 274-275
nutritional status and, 267, 269-273 PA. See Plasminogen activator (PA).
adipose tissue and, 273 Parathyroid function, in pregnancy,
body composition and fertility and, calcium homeostasis and, 709-727
270-271 fetal, 714
demographic effects of, 273 maternal, 710-714
energy requirements for reproduction, Parathyroid hormone (PTH), in calcium
267, 269-270 homeostasis, deficiency of, 718-721
growth spurt and menarche and, 271- excess of, 715-718
272 fetal, 714
Nd:YAG laser, 397, 399 in pseudohypoparathyroidism, 721
Neisseria gonorrhea, adhesion formation in, maternal, 711-713
395, 396 Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-
Neonate, thyroid function in, normal, 704— rP), placental, 598-599
705 Parturition, 765-783
Nephropathy, in diabetic pregnancy, 677 endothelin-1 in, 776-777
Neural cell adhesion molecule, 446 initiation of, progesterone interruption
Nonbarrier surgical adjuvants, in reduction in, 779-780
of postoperative adhesion formation, versus labor, 778-779
445-461 phases of, 777-778
progesterone in, 766, 779-780
prostaglandins in, degradation of, 766
hypotheses for, 767
Observational study, case control in, 249-- production of, 768-769
250 role of, evidence against, 770-775
design in, 245-246 evidence for, 767-770
follow-up in, 246, 248-249 PCOS. See Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Oncogenes, families of, 122-123 (PCOS).