Industry, State, and Society in Stalin's Russia Industry, State, and Society in Stalin's Russia 1926-1934 DAVID R. SHEARER CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA AND LONDON Copyright © 1996 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 1996 by Cornell University Press. Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Shearer, David, 1952- Industry, state, and society in Stalin's Russia, 1926-1934 / David R. Shearer. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 0-8014-3207-3 (alk. paper) 1. Industry and state —Soviet Union. 2. Soviet Union — Economic policy — 1917-1928. 3. Soviet Union — Economic policy — 1928-1932. HD3616.S472S5 1996 338.947'009'0042 — dc20 96-8178 This book is printed on Lyons Falls Turin Book, a paper that is totally chlorine-free and acid-free. For Moshe Lewin Contents Acknowledgments ix Abbreviations xiii Introduction: Stalinism and the Industrial State i I. The State(s) of the Economy in the Late 1920s 1. Unruly Bureaucracies, Fragmented Markets 25 2. Wheeling and Dealing in Soviet Industry 53 3. Rabkrin and the Militarized Campaign Economy 76 IL The Struggle for a New State, 1928-1930 4. What Kind of State? 111 5. The Politics of Modernization 134 III. Working in the Madhouse, 1930-1934 6. Daily Work in the Apparat 167 7. Purge and Patronage 187 8. The Pathologies of Modernization 204 vii viii Contents Conclusion: Socialism, Dictatorship, and Despotism in Stalin's Russia 232 Glossary 243 Bibliography 247 Index 259