Industrial Policies in the European Community

154 Pages·1981·13.099 MB·English

by  Victoria Curzon Price (auth.)

Industrial Policies in the
European Community
The fourth volume in the World Economic Issues
series, published by Macmillan for the Trade Policy
Research Centre, London, and edited by Hugh Corbet,
the Director of the Centre. The first three
volumes were
World Agriculture in Disarray
by D. Gale Johnson
fechnology and Economic Interdependence
by Harry G. Johnson
Meeting the Third World Challenge
by Alasdair I. MacBean and V. N. Balasubramanyam
Forthcoming volumes in the series are provisionally
entitled
New Era in Commercial Diplomacy
by Hugh Corbet
Transfer of Technology to the Third World
by V. N. Balasubramanyam
Also published for the Trade Policy Research Centre Palgrave Macmillan
Towards an Open World Economy
by Frank McFadzean eta/.
The Essentials of Economic Integration
by Victoria Curzon [Price]
Negotiating on Non-tariff Distortions of Trade
by Robert Middleton
Trade Effects of Public Subsidies to Private Enterprise
by Geoffrey Denton, Seamus O'Cleireacain and Sally Ash
Invisible Barriers to Invisible Trade
by Brian Griffiths
The Economics of the Oil Crisis
edited by T. M. Rybczynski
Public Assistance to Industry
edited by W. M. Corden and Gerhard Fels
Agriculture and the State
edited by Brian Davey, T. E. Josling and Alister McFarquhar
Price Elasticities in International Trade
by Robert M. Stern, Jonathan Francis and Bruce Schumacher
Tariff Preferences in Mediterranean Diplomacy
by Alfred Tovias
Nuclear Power and the Energy Crisis
by Duncan Burn
North Sea Oil in the Future
by Colin Robinson and Jon Morgan
East-West Trade and the GATT System
by M. M. Kostecki
The Role of Tariff Quotas in Commercial Policy
by Michael Rom
Trade and Payments Adjustment under Flexible Exchange Rates
edited by John P. Martin and Alasdair Smith
Current Issues in Commercial Policy and Diplomacy
edited by John Black and Brian Hindley
Anti-dumping Law in a Liberal Trade Order
by Richard Dale
Industrial Policies
in the
European Community
VICTORIA CURZON PRICE
Associate Professor of Economics
lnstitut Universitaire d'Etudes Europeennes
University of Geneva
for the
TRADE POLICY RESEARCH CENTRE
London
© Victoria Curzon Price and the Trade Policy Research Centre 1981
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1981 978-0-333-31911-6
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission
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or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance
with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1956 (as amended).
Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to
this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and
civil claims for damages.
First edition 1981
Reprinted 1986
Published by
THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG212XS
and London
Companies and representatives
throughout the world
ISBN 978-1-349-16642-8 ISBN 978-1-349-16640-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-16640-4
Trade Policy Research Centre
The Trade Policy Research Centre was established in 1968 to
promote independent research and public discussion of international
economic policy issues. As a non-profit organisation, which is
LORD McFADZEAN OF KELVINSIDE
Chairman
PROFESSOR JOHN ASHTON MATTHEW J. MARKS
JAMES A. CLAY FRANCO MATTEI
PROFESSOR W. M. CORDEN HANS L. MERKLE
PROFESSOR GERARD CURZON MICHAEL O'DOWD
DIRK DE BRUYNE PETER OPPENHEIMER
LYDIA DUNN PROFESSOR THEO PEETERS
WILLIAM D. EBERLE ALAN F. PETERS
ROWLAND C. FRAZEE M.A. RANGOONWALA
SIR REA Y GEDDES JOHN. J. ROBERTS
PROFESSOR HERBERT GIERSCH T. M. RYBCZYNSKI
SIDNEY GOLT LUC SMETS
RODNEY DE C. GREY PROFESSOR LIONEL STOLERU
PROFESSOR HELMUT HESSE PAUL STREETEN
PROFESSOR ASSAR LINDBECK PETER WALLENBERG
IAN MACGREGOR CARL-HENRIK WINQWIST
HARALD B. MALMGREN MAURICE ZINKIN
HUGH CORBET
Director
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Contents
Trade Policy Research Centre v
Biographical Note IX
List of Tables XI
Preface xiii
Abbreviations
XV
What the Tokyo Round Negotiations Failed to Settle
2 Industrial Policy, the Market and the State 17
3 Industrial Policy in Selected Community Countries 43
4 Sectoral Problems: Steel, Shipbuilding, Chemicals and
Textiles 84
5 Alternatives to Delayed Structural Adjustment in
'Workshop Europe' 119
Selected Bibliography 132
Index 137
Biographical Note
VICTORIA CURZON PRICE, a specialist in international econ
omic relations, is Associate Professor of Economics at the Institut
Universitaire d'Etudes Europeennes and a member of the faculty of
the Centre d'Etudes Industrielles, both at the University of Geneva.
She was previously a Research Fellow at the Institut Universitaire de
Hautes Etudes Intemationales, in the same university, where she
obtained her doctorate in 1973.
Dr Curzon Price is the author of The Essentials of Economic
Integration: Lessons of EFTA Experience (1974), co-author with
Gerard Curzon of The Management of Trade Relations in the GATT
(1976) and co-editor, also with Gerard Curzon, of The Multinational
Enterprise in a Hostile World (1977). Besides the first of the above
titles, she has contributed in conjunction with Gerard Curzon,
making a husband-and-wife team, to the studies of the Trade Policy
Research Centre with three papers: After the Kennedy Round (1968),
Hidden Barriers to International Trade (1970) and Global Assault on
Non-tariff Trade Barriers ( 1972).
List of Tables
3.1 A Striking Loss (Work Days Lost in Labour Conflicts per
1000 Workers) 69
3.2 Stages in the Development of the European Community's
Regional Policy 74
3.3 Number of Non-regional and Non-sectoral Aids to
Industry in the European Community Examined by the
Commission in 1978 75
3.4 Breakdown of Public Employees in the Working Popu
lation of Selected Countries in the European Community 82
4.1 Share of the European Community in Iron and Steel of its
Principal Export Markets, 1973-78 86
4.2 European Community's Balance of Trade in Iron and
Steel 87
4.3 Performance of the European Community's Big Steel
Producers, 1977 87
4.4 Asymmetry in the European Community's Trading
Relationships, 1978 93
4.5 Ratio of the European Community's Exports to Imports
in Textiles compared with EFTA's Position, 1972-78 109
4.6 Ratio of Quotas to Domestic Production ofTextiles in the
European Community, 1977 109
4. 7 Ratio of Exports to Imports in Clothing in the European
Community compared with EFTA's Position, 1972-78 110
4.8 Illustrative Selection of Textile Products Subject to
Quotas in the European Community 112