Indonesia beyond the Water's Edge: Managing an Archipelagic State

264 Pages·2009·15.621 MB·English

by  Robert Cribb (editor), Michele Ford (editor)

The Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies (RSPAS), a part of the
ANU College of Asia and the Pacific at The Australian National University,
is home to The Indonesia Project, a major international centre, which supports
research activities on the Indonesian economy and society. Established in 1965
in the School’s Division of Economics, the Project is well known and respected
in Indonesia and in other places where Indonesia attracts serious scholarly and
official interest. Funded by the ANU and the Australian Agency for International
Development (AusAID), the Indonesia Project monitors and analyses recent
economic developments in Indonesia; informs Australian governments, business
and the wider community about those developments and about future prospects;
stimulates research on the Indonesian economy; and publishes the respected
Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies.
The School’s Department of Political and Social Change (PSC) focuses on
domestic politics, social processes and state–society relationships in Asia and the
Pacific, and has a long-established interest in Indonesia.
Together with PSC and RSPAS, the Project holds the annual Indonesia
Update conference, which offers an overview of recent economic and political
developments and devotes attention to a significant theme in Indonesia’s
development. The Project’s Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies publishes the
economic and political overviews, while the proceedings related to the theme of
the conference are published in the Indonesia Update Series.
The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS) was established as an
autonomous organization in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of
socio-political, security and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia
and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research
programmes are the Regional Economic Studies (RES, including ASEAN and
APEC), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and
Cultural Studies (RSCS).
ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued almost 2,000
books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast
Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic
and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and
analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world.
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Indonesia Update Series
Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Singapore
First published in Singapore in 2009 by
ISEAS Publishing
Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace
Pasir Panjang
Singapore 119614
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© 2009 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore
The responsibility for facts and opinions in this publication rests exclusively with the
authors and their interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views or the policy of the
Institute or its supporters.
ISEAS Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
Indonesia beyond the water’s edge : managing an archipelagic state / edited by
Robert Cribb and Michele Ford.
1. Archipelagoes—Indonesia
2. Territorial waters—Government policy—Indonesia
3. Indonesia—Politics and government—1988-
I. Cribb, R. B.
II. Ford, Michele.
KZ3881 I5I41 2009
ISBN 978-981-230-984-6 (soft cover)
ISBN 978-981-230-985-3 (hard cover)
ISBN 978-981-230-981-5 (PDF)
Edited and typeset by Beth Thomson, Japan Online, Canberra
Indexed by Angela Grant, Sydney
Printed in Singapore by Utopia Press Pte Ltd
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ContEnts
Tables vii
Maps and Figures ix
Contributors xi
Acknowledgments xv
1 Indonesia as an Archipelago: Managing Islands,
Managing the Seas 1
Robert Cribb and Michele Ford
2 Becoming an Archipelagic State: The Juanda Declaration of
1957 and the ‘Struggle’ to Gain International Recognition
of the Archipelagic Principle 28
John G. Butcher
3 Indonesia’s Maritime Boundaries 49
Arif Haas Oegroseno
4 Indonesia’s Archipelagic Sea Lanes 59
Hasjim Djalal
5 Extending Indonesia? Opportunities and Challenges
related to the Definition of Indonesia’s Extended
Continental Shelf Rights 70
I Made Andi Arsana and Clive Schofield
6 Indonesian Port Sector Reform and the 2008 Shipping Law 94
Daid Ray
7 Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Indonesian
Waters 117
Sam Bateman
8 The Indonesian Maritime Security Coordinating Board 134
Djoko Sumaryono

vi Indonesia beyond the Water’s Edge: Managing an Archipelagic State
9 Marine Safety in Indonesian Waters 146
Erwin Rosmali
10 Governance in Indonesia’s Marine Protected Areas:
A Case Study of Komodo National Park 157
Rili Djohani
11 Rising to the Challenge of Providing Legal Protection
for the Indonesian Coastal and Marine Environment 172
Sarah Waddell
12 Legal and Illegal Indonesian Fishing in Australian Waters 195
James J. Fox
13 Fluid Boundaries: Modernity, Nation and Identity in
the Riau Islands 221
Michele Ford and Lenore Lyons
Index 239
tablEs
3.1 Summary of maritime boundaries still to be demarcated 57
5.1 List of extended continental shelf submissions,
13 May 2009 83
6.1 Main ports administered by the Indonesian Port
Corporations 96
6.2 Container volumes handled by the 11 main IPC ports,
2005–07 98
6.3 Performance data for 19 major ports: domestic cargo 103
7.1 Attacks on vessels in Indonesian waters, January–
September 2008 123
7.2 Actual attacks on vessels under way in the southern
area of the South China Sea, 2008 129
10.1 Marine protected areas in Indonesia 159
11.1 Status of fishery resource utilization in nine Indonesian
fishery management zones 174
12.1 Sightings and apprehensions of motorized vessels in
Australia’s northern waters 215
ii

Maps and FIgurEs
Maps
1.1 The Indonesian archipelago 2
2.1 Indonesia’s archipelagic baselines and sea lane passages 29
12.1 Traditional fishing zones agreed in the 1974 MOU 197
12.2 Traditional fishing zones agreed in 1989: the MOU Box 201
13.1 The Riau Islands 223
FIgurEs
1.1 Indonesia’s archipelago by population 5
5.1 Claims to maritime jurisdiction 74
5.2 The outer limits of the continental shelf 79
5.3 Proposed extended continental shelf to the northwest
of Sumatra 86
6.1 Total port traffic handled by Indonesian ports, 2002–06 97
6.2 Regional competitiveness of the port of Jakarta, 2002 101
8.1 The Maritime Security Coordinating Board:
organizational chart 137
8.2 The Maritime Security Coordinating Board:
information handling system 143
ix