India’s New Economic Policy: A Critical Analysis

334 Pages·2010·3.134 MB·English

by  Waquar Ahmed, Amitabh Kundu, Richard Peet

India’s New Economic
Policy
Routledge Studies in
Development and Society
1. Searching for Security 9. Environment and Development in
Women’s Responses to Economic the Straits of Malacca
Transformations Mark Cleary and Goh Kim Chuan
Edited by Isa Baud and Ines Smyth
10. Technical Knowledge and
2. The Life Region Development
The Social and Cultural Ecology of Observing Aid Projects and Processes
Sustainable Development Thomas Grammig
Edited by Per Råberg
11. World Bank and Urban
3. Dams as Aid Development
Anne Usher From Projects to Policy
Edward Ramsamy
4. Politics of Development
Cooperation 12. Poverty Orientated Agricultural
NGOs, Gender and Partnership and Rural Development
in Kenya Hartmut Brandt and Uwe Otzen
Lisa Aubrey
13. Political Confl ict and
5. Psychology of Aid Development in East Asia and
A Motivational Perspective Latin America
Stuart Carr, Eilish McAuliffe and Edited by Richard Boyd, Benno Galjart
Malcolm MacLachlan and Tak-Wing Ngo
6. Gender, Ethnicity and Place 14. Marine Natural Resources and
Women and Identity in Guyana Technological Development
Linda Peake and D. Alissa Trotz An Economic Analysis of the Wealth
from the Oceans
7. Housing and Finance in Marco Colazingari
Developing Countries
Edited by Kavita Datta and 15. Global Migration and
Gareth Jones Development
Edited by Ton van Naerssen,
8. Peasants and Religion Ernst Spaan, and Annelies Zoomers
A Socioeconomic Study of Dios
Olivorio and the Palma Sola Religion in 16. Children, Structure, and Agency
the Dominican Republic Realities Across the Developing World
Jan Lundius and Mats Lundahl G.K. Lieten
17. Understanding the Social
Dimension of Sustainability
Edited by Jesse Dillard,
Veronica Dujon and Mary C. King
18. On the Edges of Development
Cultural Interventions
Edited by Kum-Kum Bhavnani, John
Foran, Priya Kurian and Debashish
Munshi
19. Rural Development Theory and
Practice
Ruth McAreavey
20. The Political Economy of Water
and Sanitation
Matthias Krause
21. Dislocation and Resettlement in
Development
From Third World to the
World of the Third
Anjan Chakrabarti and
Anup Kumar Dhar
22. Community Development in
Asia and the Pacifi c
Manohar S. Pawar
23. Development Poverty and Politics
Putting Communities in the Driver’s Seat
Richard Martin and Ashna Mathema
24. Protecting Biological Diversity
The Effectiveness of Access and
Benefi t-sharing Regimes
Carmen Richerzhagen
25. Social Development
Critical Themes and Perspectives
Edited by Manohar S. Pawar
and David R. Cox
26. India’s New Economic Policy
A Critical Analysis
Edited by Waquar Ahmed, Amitabh
Kundu and Richard Peet

India’s New Economic
Policy
A Critical Analysis
Edited by Waquar Ahmed,
Amitabh Kundu and Richard Peet
New York London
First published 2011
by Routledge
270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016
Simultaneously published in the UK
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2010.
To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s
collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2011 Taylor & Francis
The right of Waquar Ahmed, Amitabh Kundu and Richard Peet to be identified as the
authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has
been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs
and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised
in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereaf-
ter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trade-
marks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
India’s new economic policy : a critical analysis / edited by Waquar Ahmed, Amitabh
Kundu, and Richard Peet.
p. cm. — (Routledge studies in development and society ; 26)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. India—Economic policy—1991– 2. India—Economic conditions—
1991– I. Ahmed, Waquar. II. Kundu, Amitabh, 1948– III. Peet, Richard.
HC435.3.I62438 2010
330.954—dc22
2010003753
ISBN 0-203-84681-8 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN13: 978-0-415-80188-1 (hbk)
ISBN13: 978-0-203-84681-0 (ebk)
Contents
List of Tables ix
List of Figures xi
Introduction 1
WAQUAR AHMED, AMITABH KUNDU, AND RICHARD PEET
1 Neoliberalism, Inequality, and Development 11
RICHARD PEET
2 From Mixed Economy to Neoliberalism: Class and Caste in
India’s Policy Transition 33
WAQUAR AHMED
3 Urban System in India: Trends, Economic Base, Governance,
and a Perspective of Growth under Globalization 57
AMITABH KUNDU
4 New Urbanism, Neoliberalism, and Urban Restructuring in
Mumbai 76
SWAPNA BANERJEE-GUHA
5 Economic Liberalization and Urban Governance: Impact on
Inclusive Growth 97
SHIPRA MAITRA
6 The Right to Waste: Informal Sector Recyclers and Struggles for
Social Justice in Post-Reform Urban India 125
BHARATI CHATURVEDI AND VINAY GIDWANI
viii Contents
7 From Red Tape to Red Carpet? Violent Narratives of
Neoliberalizing Ahmedabad 154
IPSITA CHATTERJEE
8 Neoliberalism, Environmentalism, and Urban Politics in Delhi 179
ROHIT NEGI
9 Coping with Challenges to Food Security: Climate Change,
Biofuels, and GMOs 199
SUMAN SAHAI
10 Imperialism, Resources, and Food Security, with Reference to
the Indian Experience 217
UTSA PATNAIK
11 Special Economic Zones: Space, Law, and Dispossession 240
RUPAL OZA
12 Thinking Militant Particularisms Politically: Resistances to
Neoliberalism in India 261
DAVID FEATHERSTONE
13 Radical Peasant Movements and Rural Distress in India:
A Study of the Naxalite Movement 281
RAJU J. DAS
Contributors 307
Index 311
Tables
2.1 Growth Data, 1950–2005 (all fi gures in percentage per
annum) 39
2.2 Patterns of Capital Formation, by Sector 1970–2005
(percentage of GDP) 41
2.3 Five-Year Plans and Growth of Power-Generating Capacity 51
3.1 Number of Towns, Percentage and Growth Rate of Urban
Population in India since 1901 59
3.2 Annual Exponential Growth Rate of Urban Population for
Major Regions of the World and Asia 60
3.3 Annual Exponential Growth Rates of Urban Population in
Different Size Categories 62
3.4 Annual Exponential Urban Growth and URGD for India as
Given in World Urbanization Prospects of UNDP in Different
Revisions 63
3.5 Growth Rate of Jobs by Sector of Activity between 1999 and
2004 68
3.6 Employment in the Formal and Informal Sector 69
4.1 Decline in Manufacturing Employment: Mumbai,
1980–1998 85
4.2A Mumbai’s Growth Potential 88
4.2B Funding Mumbai 88
4.2C Boosting Land Supply 88
5.1 Level and Growth of Urbanization across Major States in
India 1971–2001 102