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DR. K. M. NADKARNI'S I N D I AN M A T E R IA MEDICA With Ayurvedic, Unani-Tibhi, Siddha, Allopathic, Homeopathic, Naturopathic & Home Rem,edieS) Appendices & Indexes <Originally edited by the late Dr. K. M. NADKARNI, F.S.SC, L.A., (Lond.): M.C.S. (Paris) M.BR.PH.C. (Lond.) etc.) Third Edition Revised & Enlarged by A. K. NADKARNI IN TWO VOLUMES • VOLUME TWO Vi> ^%'^^ 9^ ^ /"_.. POPULAR BOOK DEPOT J BOMBAY 7 DHOOTAPAPESHWAR PRAKASHAN LTD. PANVEL Printed by G. G. Pathare at Popular Press (Bom.) Ltd., 35, Tardeo Road, Bombay 7 and Published by G. R. Bhatkal, jointly for the Popular Book Depot (Regd.), Bombay 7 and Dhootapapeshwar Prakashan L,td., Panvel. CONTENTS VOLUME TWO Part II MINERAL KINGDOM .. • • 1-13S Part III ANIMAL KINGDOM .. .. •• 135-234 APPENDIXES I, Drugs (officinal and non-officinal) ac- <L'aKdxa.<|, ta t,b5ala.^Q^Jl^.ca.l. and. vhjjslQlQ?-ical actions .. .. .. • • 235-274 II. Drugs, preparations and their Specifit^ ^^^ more important uses in diseases • • 274-313 IIL Equivalents and substitutes for impoftant » foreign etc. drugs .. .. • • 313-326 Therapeutic Index of diseases and ^^^ ments (with their equivalents in Sans krit) and their remedies .. • • 327-400 IV, Approximate percentage, composition, and calories etc. in foods and dietetic articles .. .. •• 401-415 V. Vitamins in foods and dietetic articles; (vitamin requirements of man) • • 415-526 Vitamins in Fruits .. .. • • 426-435 Addendum to above table of vitamins etc. incl'dding Fish Food-value chart • • 436-487 VI. Principal forms of Ayurvedic medication and methods of their preparation and uses in brief •• 487-506 Vn. Therapeutic Agents, with their defini tions, brief explanations and a few examples .. .. .. .. 506-528 INDEXES Index List of Plants in this book arranged according to their Natural Orders .. .. .. 529-615 Index List of Natural Orders, Genera and Families, appearing in this book, with their respective alternatives, English and Indian equivalent ^ names .. .. .. .. 616-622 T Index List of Indian Plants and Drugs from which Mother-tinctures and Extracts etc., are pre pared according to the Homoeopathic system of medicine .. .. .. .. 623-637 Index of Preparations, Combinations, Substances and allied products of all kinds .. .. 638-664 Index of Chemical Constituents (Mjijor and minor; significant and insignificant) .. .. 665-714 General Index—Cross Index of SJ^nonyms (in all languages, dialects, etc.) .. .. 715-968 "To be a Physician is to my mind the grandest thing in the world. A good -physician is a God-serid in any comnnunity and a bless ing in the consulting room.'' —Dr. Jones, M.D., D.Sc, Ph.D. "There is neither East nor West, nor Border, nor Breed, nor Birth, when too strong Forces of Civilisations and Cultures stand face to face, tho' they come from the ends of the earth". —Dr. Walter Eugene Clark, Ph.D., Prof, of Sanskrit in the University of Chicago "We live in tirmes of a New Renaissance. Old values, ancient traditions and out-dated con cepts are crumbling fast under the impact of a changing world. Thinkers exhort all to think and act in terms of a greater humanity, to raise above the mean limitations that crip ple our growth and retard our progress, to consider everything and being as our brothers, irrespective of all accidents of birth and con spiracies of circumstances. And, in all things that affect us to gaze at new horizons and 'hitch our wagons to the stars'. Humanity is one! Truth is real! Culture is our food and drink—Unity and Progress through Culture!!!". THE INDIAN MATERIA MEDICA PART II (MINERAL KINGDOM) 1. ADAMAS Sans;—Heeraka; Hirakam; Vajra. Eng.—Diamond. Fr. Diamant. Pers.—Almas. Hind. Ben. & Mah.—Heera. Tel.— —Bajar. Mai. & Tarn.—Vairam; Vayaram. Can. & Kon.— Vajra. Source.—Obtained from mines, formerly from Grol- conda (Deccan); now mostly from Johannesburg in South Africa. Characters.—^A gem of the most valuable kind con sisting of pure carbon and remarkable for its hardness and clear transparency and brilUance. Classification.—It is divided into classes according to its colour and form:—^The white coloured; the red coloured; the yellow variety; the black variety. The round sized one with high gloss and line or spot is termed male. Purification & Preparation.—Diamond is purified by being enclosed within a lemon and boiled in the juice of the leaves of Agati grahdiflora. It is reduced to powder thus. —A paste is made of the root of a cotton plant with the juice of some betel leaves, both the vegetables being not less than three years old. The diamond is then enclosed within this paste and roasted in a pit of fire. This process is repeated seven times, when the stone is easily reduced to a fine powder. Another process consists in roasting the diamond enclosed in a paste made of horn-shavings for three times in succession- 2 THE INDIAN MATERIA ADEDICA it can also be purified after having it beaten with horse's urine land then cooking it in the putapaka process. Action.—Diamond thus prepared is a powerful alterat ive, tonic, stimulant, improves nutrition, increases the strength and firmness of^the body and removes all sorts of diseases. Dose is about 1 grain. It generates the secretion of semen and is always preferred for medicinal purposes. For internal administration prepared or purified white diamond is pre ferred, the red-colored is beneficial in various diseases and prevents premature death. -The yellow Variety gives strength. The black variety is also beneficial in several ailments. Uses.—Diamond forms an ingredient of several alterat ive and tonic medicines such as Trailokya Chintatnani Rasa, Ratnagiri Rasa, Sarvangasundara Rasa etc, which contain be sides diamond, pearls^ gold, iron, talc, mercury, etc., in vary ing proportions and are used in similar cases. Trailokya Chintamani Rasa contains diamond, gold and pearls one part each and iron, talc and Rasa Sindura 4 parts each, rubbed together with the juice of Aloe indica and jnade into two grain pills. Another preparation called by the same name contains the above ingredients minus iron and also prepared coral, orpiment, realgar and aconite. It is useful in gastric dis orders, general debility, asthma, phthisis, diarrhoea, colic, anaemia, sexual debility etc. Dose is 1 to 3 pills of one grain each, three times a day. 2. ALUMEN Sans.—Sphatikari; Surashtraja; Kamakshi; Tuvari. Eng.— Alum; Sulphate of Alumina and Potash or of Aluminium and Ammonium; Aluminous sulphate. Pers.—Shab-i-yemeni; Zake bilor; Zake-safed. Arab.—Shabb-Zaje-abyaz; Zaj. Hind.— Phitikhari; Phitkari. Ben.—Phatkiri. Bom.—Sambe-mani. Guj. & Dufc.—Phatkari. Mah-.-^Turati; Phatki. Tarn.—Pati- karam; Padikharam; Shinacarum. Tel.—Pattikaramu; Padi- kharam. Can.—^Phatikara. Sink.—Shina-karan. Bwrm.— Khiii; Kyouh-kyen; Keo-khin, Malay.—^Tawas. WITH AYURVEDIC; UNANI •& HOME REMEDIES S Source.—Chiefly found with peroxide of iron in Silajit or in Alum earths of Nepal or prepared from the alvun shales in the Punjab, Rajputana, Bihar and Cutch States. As found in the bazaars, it is often mixed with impurities; it may be rendered fit for medicinal purposes by dissolving it in boil ing water, straining the solution and evaporating it- so as to obtain crystals, which should be preservied for use. Alum is a general name for a class of double sulphates containing aluminium and such anetals as potassium, ammonium, iron, etc. Characters.—Colourless, transparent crystals, with acid^ sweetish astringent taste., Action.—Astringent, caustic, haemostatic, antispasmodic and antiseptic; irxitant and purgative in large doses; emetic in repeated doses. It constringes small vessels and organic fibres and thus acts in diminishing the exhalations, secretions and supply of blood to a part. Uses.—It is useful in leucorrhoea, haematuria, haemop tysis, menorrhagia, gastric and intestinal catarrh and other haemorrhages; in fluxes of the respiratory passages with pro fuse ropy mucous phlegm; in chronic diarrhoea and dysentery and in atonic discharges generally. In chroiiic diarrhoeas, a mixture containing 10 grains of alum, 5 drops of laudanum and I2 ounces of infusion of acorus root, given thrice daily is useful. In the diarrhoea preceding cholera and in the diar rhoea of phthisis, a compound powder of alum, catechu and cinnamon each 10 grains mixed with honey is given in repeated doses. It is useful also in strangury and vomiting in small doses i.e., 2 to 10 grains. Ten grains of it arrests the spasms of asthma. In narcotic poisoning in children it is a good and efficient antidote. In whooping cough, after the first or acute stage has passed, alum in doses of 2 to 4 grains according to age of the child, given twice or thrice a day, in the form of powder or in solution in Omum water (1 in 60) in doses of a teaspoonful to a dessertspoonful for a child from 1 to 4 years old, given thrice a day is most beneficial. For asthma and cough alum 5 grains in half an ounce of rose water is given- twice a day. Persons bitten by serpents are made to drink buttermilk or water mixed with 6 mashas (72 grains) of good