India-Thailand Cultural Interactions : Glimpses from the Past to Present PDF
Preview India-Thailand Cultural Interactions : Glimpses from the Past to Present
Lipi Ghosh Editor India-Thailand Cultural Interactions Glimpses from the Past to Present – India Thailand Cultural Interactions Lipi Ghosh Editor – India Thailand Cultural Interactions Glimpses from the Past to Present 123 Editor Lipi Ghosh Department ofSouthand SouthEastAsian Studies University of Calcutta Kolkata, West Bengal India ISBN978-981-10-3853-2 ISBN978-981-10-3854-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3854-9 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017930286 ©SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2017 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. 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Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:152BeachRoad,#21-01/04GatewayEast,Singapore189721,Singapore Foreword Literary evidence shows that the contact between India and Southeast Asia known collectively as Suvarṇabhūmi existed few centuries before Christian era. Thailand, known originally as Śyāma, used to be the cradle of two ancient significant king- doms, namely Dvāravatī (cir. sixth–eighth centuries CE) and Chenla or Iśānapura (sixth–eighthcenturiesCE).Theformercoveredtheareaofcentralpartandpartof north-eastern and eastern part of Thailand and belonged to the Mons, whereas the latter covered part of north-eastern and eastern part of Thailand and part of north Cambodia and belonged to the Khmers. According to the inscription written in Sanskrit, published in 2016 by the National Library, Bangkok, the kings of Chenla Kingdom traced their line of descent from Kauṇḍinya who married Somā, daughter of Soma, whereas the inscription of King Prakāśadharma of Champa dated 657 CE tells us that Kauṇḍinya married Somā, daughter of a king of the Nāgas (serpent) and Bhavavarman,thefirstkingofChenla,belongedtothehisfamily.TheKingdomof Chenla was dominated by Brahmanism, whereas the political history of Dvāravatī kingdom is little known as only two inscriptions that mention the name Dvāravatī have been discovered so far. Other inscriptions in the early period of Dvāravatī mainly concern Buddhism. The earliest inscriptions are written in Pali, and the contentsmainly are theextracts from theTipiṭaka (Pali Canon), of which themost popular ones contain the Pali verse beginning with yedhammāhetuppabhavā. Dvāravatī was dominated by Buddhism. Thus, Thailand was the early meeting ground for both Buddhist and brahmaṇical traditions from India. TheThaisknowninepigraphyasSayāṃappearedinSoutheastAsiaasearlyas eleventh century CE. In around 1220 CE, they established their independent kingdomatSukhothai(Sukhodaya),ofwhichthefirstkingwasŚrīIndrāditya.Their historybeganwhenthefirstinscriptioninThailanguagewascreatedin1292CEby King RāmaGamhaeng, the third king of Sukhothai kingdom. Since then, we knew that the Thais had inherited the Indian traditions both Buddhist and brahmaṇical fromtheMonsandtheKhmers,theformeroccupantsofthepresent-dayThailand. v vi Foreword Itisgratifyingtoseethatthisworkisbeingbroughtoutasitwillstimulatemore andmoreinteractionamongscholarsfrombothThailandandIndia.Iwasrequested tocontributeaforewordtothepresentvolumebyProf.LipiGhosh,Ph.D.,whomI had known since the 1980s when she was the recipient of the Thai scholarship to study the Thai language in Bangkok. She is highly knowledgeable about Thai languageandcultureaswellastheculture ofotherSoutheastAsiancountries.She also has a large number of knowledgeable Thai scholars in her academic circle. Igladlyacceptedtherequestandsincerelybelievethathereditorshipofthisvolume can assure of its high academic quality. August 2016 Chirapat Prapandvidya Associate Fellow Royal Society of Thailand and Advisor to Sanskrit Studies Centre Faculty of Archaeology Silpakorn University Bangkok, Thailand Acknowledgements This book is a collection of essays by historians of India and Thailand specialized with cultural studies. While working on Thailand for last three decades, I could dream a book on India–Thailand cultural interactions from a few new angles. When I proposed my ideas to my friends, colleagues and students, I received an overwhelmingresponsefromeachofthemandthey,inspiteofmaintainingavery busy schedules in their academic lives, conducted deep research and contributed articles of high standard for this book. I am grateful to all of them. I am thankful to my friend Saswati Mutsuddi of the Pali Department of the University of Calcutta who helped me procure some information and also helped me liaise with some contributors to this book. I am also thankful to Mrs. Swarupa Dutta Sarkar of the University of Calcutta, Alipur Campus Library, who has undertaken the painstaking job of preparing the glossary and index of the book. IamgratefultoProf.SugataMarjit,ourformerViceChancellorofUniversityof Calcutta,whostronglyrecommendedmetopublishthebookwithSpringerNature. ItwasunderhisinspirationIcameincontactwiththerepresentativesofthepresent publisher inDelhi. Idoextendmythankstothepublisherfor takingresponsibility of publishing the work. Finally, I must express my gratitude to my mother Mrs. Nilima Ghosh, who is always my source of inspiration. vii Contents 1 India–Thailand Cultural Interactions: A Study of Shared Cultural Markers .. .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 1 Lipi Ghosh and Kanokwan Jayadat 2 Brahmanical Divinities in Siam: From Early to Modern Era . .... 13 Bhaswati Mukhopadhyay 3 Buddhist Moulded Clay Tablets from Dvaravatī: Understanding Their Regional Variations and Indian Linkages... .... ..... .... 35 Suchandra Ghosh 4 Mandapas of India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Thailand..... .... 53 Chotima Chaturawong 5 Refashioning the Identity of Siamese Monarchs: Hybridized Siamese and Indian Dress Styles ... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 87 M.L. Pattaratorn Chirapravati and Greg Morae Kim-Ju 6 From Indian Mind to Thai Heart: Buddhist Cult to Ganesh Puja .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 101 Kanopporn Wongkalasin 7 Understanding Thai Music Through Indian Music. .... ..... .... 111 Rangsiphan Khaengkhan 8 Suvannabhūmi: Facts of Linguistic and Cultural Literary Partnership Between India and Thailand .... .... .... ..... .... 123 Dipak Kumar Barua 9 Thai Language and Literature: Glimpses of Indian Influence....... 135 Lipi Ghosh and Kanokwan Jayadat ix x Contents 10 Deficiency of Food Security for the ‘Kitchen of the World’... .... 161 Kriengsak Chareonwongsak 11 Interacting Cultural Diplomacy: A Study of Soft Power in India–Thailand Relations... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 181 Piyanat Soikham Glossary.. .... .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 205 Index .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 221 Editor and Contributors About the Editor Lipi Ghosh isaProfessorandFormerDirectoroftheCentreforSouthandSouthEastAsian Studies, University of Calcutta. She founded, organized and has been administrating the Indian AssociationforAsianandPacificStudies,aninternationalforumforscholarsofAsianandPacific researchinterests.ProfessorGhoshisaFormerAsiaFellow,CharlesWallaceIndiaTrustFellow, IndianCouncilforCulturalRelations(ICCR)ChairProfessor,andNehru-FulbrightAcademicand ProfessionalExcellenceFellow.SheisoneofthedistinguishedscholarsofSoutheastAsianstudies inIndiaandspecializesinMyanmarandThaistudies.Shehasmanypublishedworkstohercredit, includingauthoredandeditedvolumes,onAsianculturalstudies.SheknowstheThailanguage,a rarequalificationamongIndiansocialscientists. Contributors Dipak Kumar Barua is a Former Professor and Head of the Department of Pali, Former Dean of the Faculty of Education, Journalism and Library Science and Former Director, Nava Nalanda Mahavihara, India. Kriengsak Chareonwongsak is a Senior Fellow, Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, USA. Chotima Chaturawong is an Associate Professor at Silpakorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. M.L. Pattaratorn Chirapravati is a Professor, Asian Studies Program at California State University, Sacramento, USA. SuchandraGhosh isaProfessorattheDepartment ofAncientIndianHistoryand Culture, University of Calcutta, India. KanokwanJayadatisanIndianCouncilofCulturalRelationsPh.D.Scholaratthe Department of South and South East Asian Studies, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India. xi
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