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PRE-HISTORIC AND PROTO-HISTORIC PERIODS INDIA Pre-Historic and Proto-Historic Periods N Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Public.Resource.Org https://archive.org/details/indiaprehistoricOOroma INDIA Pre-Historic and Proto-Historic Periods PUBLICATIONS DIVISION MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING GOVERNMENT OF INDIA First Edition : February 1981 (Saka 1902) Sixth Reprint: 2016 (Saka 1937) © Publications Division Price : ? 40.00 Published by: The Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, Soochna Bhawan, CGO Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003 http://www.publicationsdivision.nic.in Editor : Roma Chatterjee Cover Design : Rajender Kumar Sales Centres : • Soochna Bhavan, C.GO. Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003 • Hall No. 196, Old Secretariat, Delhi-110054 • 701, B-Wing, Kendriya Sadan, Belapur, Navi Mumbai-400614 • 8, Esplanade East, Kolkata-700069 • 'A' Wing, Rajaji Bhawan, Besant Nagar, Chennai-600090 • Press Road, Near Govt. Press, Thiruvananthapuram-695001 • Room No. 204. 2nd Floor CGO Towers, Kavadiguda, Hyderabad-500080 • 1st Floor, ‘F’ Wing, Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, Bengaluru-560034 • Bihar State Co¬ operative Bank Building, Ashoka Rajpath, Patna-800004 • Hall No. 1, 2nd Floor, Kendriya Bhawan, Sector-H, Aliganj, Lucknow-226024 • Ambica Complex, 1st Floor, Paldi, Ahmedabad-3 80007 • House No. 4, Pensionpara Road, P.O. Silpukhuri Guwahati-781003. Typesetter : Quick Prints, Naraina, New Delhi-110 028. Printed at : Bhagwati Printers Pvt. Ltd., 33-33 A, Rama Road Industrial Area, New Delhi 110 015 Preface Sir William Hunter’s well-known book The Indian Empire was published in 1881. It was revised and published in four volumes in 1907-09 under the title The Imperial Gazetteer of India. These four volumes have now been revised and brought up-to-date. They are entitled The Gazetteer of India: Indian Union. The second volume— History and Culture—was published in 1973. Some of the chapters of this volume, namely, Government and Economic Life; Society, Religion and Literature; Arts and Architecture; Pre-Historic and Proto-Historic Periods; Early History of India up to A.D. 1206; and History of Medieval India (A.D. 1206—A.D. 1761) which have a wider public opinion, are being published separately in the form of booklets. The idea is to provide to the general public especially the university students, low-priced publications containing authentic and objective information on these subjects by well-known writers who are experts in their respective fields. Vincent A. Smith contributed the chapter on Pre-historic Antiquities to the Imperial Gazetteer of India. There are three contributors to the revised chapter on Pre-historic and Proto-historic periods in the Gazetteer of India on which this booklet is based. These are H.D. Sankalia, B.B. Lai and B. Subbarao. It is hoped that not only this booklet but the entire series will have a useful purpose and meet the requirements of the general public. New Delhi P.N. Chopra March 28, 1979 Editor (Gazetteers) - Contents Pre-Historic Period Proto-Historic Period Fusion of Civilisation -