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ART AND ARCHITECTURE IN ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL PERIODS Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Public.Resource.Org https://archive.org/details/indiaartarchitecOOroma INDIA Art and Architecture in Ancient and Medieval Periods PUBLICATIONS DIVISION MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING GOVERNMENT OF INDIA May 1981 : (Saka 1903) Fifth Reprint : 2017 (Saka 1939) © Publications Division ISBN: 978-81-230-2584-1 I»|£J HIST-ENG-REP-094-2017-18 Price : ^ 70.00 Published by: The Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, Soochna Bhawan, CGO Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003 http://www.publicationsdivision.nic.in Editor : Roma Chatterjee Cover Design : Rajender Kumar Sales Centres : • Soochna Bhavan, C.G.O. Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003 • Hall No. 196, Old Secretariat, Delhi-110054 • 701, B-Wing, Kendriya Sadan, Belapur, Navi Mumbai-400614 • 8, Esplanade East, Kolkata-700069 • 'A' Wing, Rajaji Bhawan, Besant Nagar, Chennai-600090 • Press Road, Near Govt. Press, Thiruvananthapuram-695001 • Room No. 204. 2nd Floor CGO Towers, Kavadiguda, Hyderabad-500080 • 1st Floor, ‘F’ Wing, Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, Bengaluru-560034 • Bihar State Co¬ operative Bank Building, Ashoka Rajpath, Patna-800004 • Hall No. 1, 2nd Floor, Kendriya Bhawan, Sector-H, Aliganj, Lucknow-226024 • Ambica Complex, 1st Floor, Paldi, Ahmedabad-3 80007 • House No. 4, New Colony, Cheni Kuthi, KKB Road, Guwahati-781003. Printed at : Educational Stores, Ghaziabad (U.P.) Preface Sir William Hunter’s well-known book The Indian Empire was published in 1881. It was revised and published in four volumes in 1907-09 under the title The Imperial Gazetteer of India. These four volumes have now been revised and brought up-to-date. They are entitled The Gazetteer of India: Indian Union. The second volume— History and Culture—was published in 1973. Some of the chapters of this volume, namely, Government and Economic Life; Society, Religion and Literature; Arts and Architecture; Pre-Historic and Proto-Historic Periods; Early History of India up to A.D. 1206; and History of Medieval India (A.D. 1206-A.D. 1761) which have a wider public opinion, are being published separately in the form of booklets. The idea is to provide to the general public especially the university students, low-priced publications containing authentic and objective information on these subjects by well-known writers who are experts in their respective fields. J. Burgess contributed the chapter on Architecture to the Imperial Gazetteer of India. In the revised Indian Gazetteer, there are a number of contributors who wrote the chapters on Art and Architecture in Ancient and Medieval India on which this booklet is based. These are S.K. Saraswati, J.N. Banerjea, Niharranjan Ray, V. Raghavan and Ajit Mookerjee for Ancient Period and Mulk Raj Anand, C. Sivaramamurti, Anand Krishna, V. Raghuvan, Kapila Vatsyayan and Nilakashi Sen Gupta for Medieval Period. It is hoped that not only this booklet but the entire series will have a useful purpose and meet the requirements of the general public. New Delhi P.N. Chopra March 28, 1979 Editor (Gazetteers) Contents Ancient Period 1. Architecture 3 2. Sculpture and Iconography 37 3. Paintings 45 4. Dance, Drama and Music 53 5. Crafts 61 Medieval Period 6. Architecture 69 7. Sculpture and Iconography 76 8. Paintings 83 9. Dance, Drama and Music 93 10. Crafts of India 102 Ancient Period