Table Of Content

Index of Dagur (达斡尔, DCzo() words in 蒙古语族语言词典 Měnggǔ yǔzú yǔyán cìdián Each Dagur word is followed by the heading, namely the English translation of a given Written Mongol form, under which it can be found in MYYC. All Dagur words are listed individually, even if they belong in a collocation. For example, <ɑirag~ʤusun su> sub 嗜酸奶汁, 马奶 ‘koumiss (fermented mare’s milk)’ (MYYC 98), which should be read “airag su[u] or jusun su[u]” (see below on transcription and emendations, and DNBB 111b s.v. jusun suu or MYYC 557 bacilgaasän jusun suu, sub ‘boiled yoghurt’ on this specific item) is here broken into three different lemmata, namely airag, jusun and suu. When the same word appears under more than one heading, this is indicated with “⇒”. It must become immediately clear that this is not a bilingual Dagur-English dictionary. The English glosses used by the editors of MYYC are basically descriptive labels. In case more than one word is found under the same heading, it will be necessary to compare it with the corresponding lemmata in DNBB (or DKÜ, if necessary) in order to ascertain the exact meaning. For example, guus and pii jaan appear both sub 箱子 ‘chest, torso’ (MYYC 92), however according to DNBB, these words are not entirely synonymous, see pijaan箱子 ‘torso’ (173a), but guus 柜子 ‘chest’ (69b). In MYYC there are ca. 30 lemmata lacking Dagur equivalents. Conversely, there is only a handful of words which are absent from DNBB, e.g. amisgaal 空气 ‘air’ (MYYC 96; however, other derivates can be found instead, e.g. amis-bei 呼吸 ‘to breathe’ or amis-laa-bei 喘气 ‘to breathe (deeply)’, see DNBB 5b). For the sake of typographical simplification, the following correspondences should be taken into account (note that labialized consonants are not overly marked, unlike the palatalized series1): MYYC DNBB Index ng – n’g ŋ – ng ŋg – ngg tS q c S x sh x h x dZ j j Cy ~ Ci Ci Cy (palatalized) Vj (Vi) Vy (glide) ə e ä e ie e Lack of consistency in the notation of Dagur words is a common issue in MYYC, therefore when con- sulting it is necessary to bear in mind especially the following set of “alternations”: a ~ ä ~ e, o ~ u, a ~ aa (vowel length in general), k ~ g, s ~ z and Ci/Cu ~ CØ (where <i> and <u> seem to stand for palatalized and labialized, respectively). For the latter, see such instances as arigy sub 酒 ‘alcoholic liquor’ (120) = arigi sub 酒 (尊称) ‘strong drink [hon.]’ (595), cf. DNBB (8b s.v. argi) and DKÜ (16 s.v. arγj yarikiV), or aur sugudun sub 气候, 气象 ‘weather’ (557), where the second component is also registered as aur sugdun sub空气 ‘air’ (96), cf. DNBB (200b s.v. suwudun) vs. DKÜ (225 s.v. suγdun suCeduA). Slips of the pen have been left unchanged, e.g. xurgigu vs. xurbigu, uwäi vs. uwei or bishin vs. qishin (only the first member of each pair seems correct). All in all, it may be the case that the same Dagur word appears under different headings and with different shapes. References DKÜ = Engkebatu nar nariyaγulba. 1984. Daγur kelen-ü üges / Dáwò’ěr yǔ cíhuì. Kökeqota. DNBB = Engkebatu [ēnhébātú]. 1983. Daor Niakan Bulku Biteg / Dá-Hàn xiǎocídiǎn. Hūhéhàotè. 1 For a description of the Dagur phonology and graphemics adopted by the editors of MYYC, see pp. 63-67. It is very instructive to compare it with other descriptions, vid. i.a. Poppe (1930: 105-142), Martin (1961: 4-22), Zhòng (1982: 4-29), Todaeva (1986: 10- 36), Tsumagari (2003: 130-135) or Wonsoo / Jae-il (2004). (1) MYYC = Sūn, Zhú (et alia). 1990. Měnggǔ yǔzú yǔyán cìdián. Xīnīng. Martin S.E. 1961. Dagur Mongolian Grammar, Texts, and Lexicon. Bloomington. Poppe N.N. 1930. Dagurskoe narečie. Leningrad. Todaeva B.X. 1986. Dagurskij jazyk. Moskva. Tsumagari T. 2003. Dagur. — Janhunen J. (ed.), The Mongolic Languages. London / New York: 129-153. Wonsoo Yu / Jae-il Kwon. 2004. Preliminary remarks on the phonemic system of the Qiqihar Meilis dialect of the Dagur lan- guage. — Altai Hakpo 14: 153-184. Zhòng Sùchún. 1982. Dáwò’ěr yǔ jiǎnzhì. Běijīng. José Andrés Alonso de la Fuente © 2013 —————————————————— a(a) ä(ä) b(b) c d e(e) f g(g) h i(i) j k(k) l(l) m n(n) o(o) p q s sh t(t) u(u) w x y z aa aha! 91 adilcirää resemblance, similarity 648 aa alphabet 558 adirag stallion 95 aagu to be, stay; have 138 ⇒ stallion camel 164 aaji for, for the sake of, because of 651 adoo herd of horses 94 aaly character, conduct 92 adoocin herder of horses 95 ⇒ personal character and behaviour 428 ⇒ cattle raiser, herdsman 478 aanäg spring camp of cattle-breeders 312 adoolägu to tend or herd cattle 94 aarci a kind of sour cheese made from milk 91 ⇒ to tend, herd 332 aashi character, conduct 92 adoollägu to go out to pasture 149 ⇒ to become enraged, be carried away by anger 223 adoologu to graze 149 ⇒ to become wild, violent, to rage, become angry 223 adukee splinter, thorn 548 ⇒ to shout, scold 423 adus animal 94 aashilagu to pretend (to be), to simulate, sham, feign 129 ⇒ big livestock (horse, camel, ox) 155 aashilägu to behave, to display a bad temper 91 ⇒ small livestock (sheep, goat) 156 ⇒ false, spurious, insincere 380 ag brothers 126 abil poverty, calamity, trouble 289 ⇒ elder brother 126 abilägu to grow scarce or scanty 357 ⇒ the older, elder(s), seniors 127 abilärt poverty, calamity, trouble 289 ⇒ mama 247 abildagu to be insufficient, defective, lacking 241 agar insufficient, incomplete, lacking, missing 242 ⇒ to be insufficient, short, lacking 241 agdulägu testimony, witness, proof 293 abily insufficiency, definite, mistake, blunder, omission 241 agdun strong, firm, solid 146 ⇒ insufficient, incomplete, lacking, missing 242 agor to arm, prepare arm 440 ⇒ unevenness, roughness, fault, shortcomings 596 ⇒ weapon, implement 440 abkä page 379 agui mine, pit, shaft 664 acaa father 90 ai oh! 739 aceel liking, willingness; desire, joy 147 aicilägu to visit, pay a visit 98 acikcaan mouse, rat 388 aidu great, huge 96 acikii wing 443 ⇒ great, huge 693 acim skin sack, leather bag 651 aidug very, colossal 121 acykii wing, pinion 193 aidugu serious, terrible 618 adagu to prick, perforate 713 ⇒ very, very much 652 adaki neighbour 441 aigu to fear, be afraid (of) 98 adäly the same, identical; just as 94 ail family, household; village 97 adgaagu to go away in order to avoid, elude, move off, ⇒ hamlet, village 289 yield 425 ail pasture, nomad grounds, native place, territory, adil identical with, the same, alike, equal 407 area 519 (2) ailag melody, tune 99 alma loyal, honest, truthful 695 ⇒ sound (of the voice); melody, tune 100 alog net, network 641 ailäg musical sound, melody, vowel 254 alsheegu to be bored, lonely 669 ⇒ musical sound, melody, vowel 254 alta gold 104 aiman tribe, clan 98 ⇒ goldfish 104 ⇒ origin, lineage, descent 669 altan nightingale 104 ⇒ nation, race 693 aly which, which one 103 ⇒ nationality 737 am mouth 105 airag koumiss (fermented mare’s milk) 98 ⇒ to make a promise 106 airdugu danger 657 ⇒ the first vertebra of the neck 106 aish action, function 690 ⇒ to promise, swear, pledge 108 ⇒ profit, interest, gain, benefit 122 ⇒ to taste, test by the tongue 109 aishi absurd, unnecessary, nonsense 217 ⇒ wrangle 340 ⇒ favour, benefit 654 ⇒ oath, vow, pledge 624 aishilaku to help, to do something together 323 ⇒ manifesto 653 aishilägu to aid, help, assist, support 217 amal peace, calm 106 aitbuugu to save, rescue 93 ⇒ peaceful, peaceable 263 akaa elder brother 126 ⇒health, peaceful 484 akombuugu to complete, fulfil up, finish 307 ⇒ to calm down, be relieved 662 al joint of the thighs, crotch 102 amaragu to rest, take a rest 109 ⇒ perineum, crotch between the legs 590 amarkan simple 232 alaagu to pick one’s teeth 569 amäl to meet, to greet 451 alab service, duty 101 amärägu to have an intermission, adjourn 420 alag motley, parti-coloured 101 amba almost, nearly, about 142 alagu to kill, murder, put to death 102 amicigu to be on time; to do something in the required alba service, duty 101 time 110 albadagu to coerce, compel, enforce 101 amidaagu to live, be alive; to live on or by 107 albän organization, institution 137 amidaalag living, existence 107 alciigu to spread the legs apart, straddle 105 amidun living, animated 107 alda fathom (measure of length) 102 amisagu breathing, breath 108 aldagu to lose 103 amisgaal air 96 ⇒ to make a promise 106 amy life 107 ⇒ oath, vow, pledge 624 ⇒ to occupy a place, stay 137 ⇒ to disobey the custom 741 amydaagu to be in, to exist, to consist (in) 532 aldar sound, noise; news 570 anaati pleasure 618 ⇒ information, hearsay, rumour 613 anagunjaan modest 204 aldartii fame, popularity, glory 102 anäkuläägu to put in chains, put in fetters 295 aldogu manifesto 653 andjaas plowshare 113 alee naughty, playful 103 aneekee visitor, guest 294 algaangku toothpick 570 aneer to sound, ring, produce a sound, utter 234 algagu to cut, slit, slice 470 aner quietly, silently 598 alibugu to speak respectfully, report to or memorialize angaaaljigu for the mouth to open and shut repeatedly 111 a superior or the emperor 97 angai to open up 111 aligiän fame, popularity, glory 102 angarkye having a gap 111 aljaagu to promise, swear, pledge 108 anggaigu to become wide open, open up 528 aljigu to ransom, redeem 451 anggarke to untie, unwrap, break down 422 alkugu to step, walk 105 anggarkye crack, cleft, chap, crevice 111 allar sound, noise; news 570 anggäl member of the same family 175 allär famous, glorious 580 anggii crack, cleft, chap, crevice 111 allilcigu to transfer by pouring, transfuse, change 742 anggy class, group 112 alljigu exchange, trade 118 anier noise, sound 113 ⇒ to exchange; to barter 119 anii which, which one 103 (3) aniikiä guest 454 ashikaa mouse, rat 388 aniä the first month of the year (in lunar calendar) 558 ashirt juniper 120 ant taste, savour 109 asoogu to test, examine, to try to find out 633 ⇒ taste, relish, flavour 110 ataa salty 185 ⇒ absurd, unnecessary, nonsense 217 ataaky spider 90 antag guest 454 atiä load, cargo, package 126 antagu to taste, test by the tongue 109 atiägu to load, burden 126 antäshegu to be interested 606 atiragu to contract, bend (of body) 125 anttii tasty, tasteful, delicious 109 atirägu to shrivel, wrinkle, curl up 363 apuugu to hand over, put in charge of 655 au chase, hunt 92 araa molar 114 ⇒ extensive, comprehensive 214 ⇒ pebbles, shingle, gravel 317 ⇒ wide, broad, vast 547 araan a little, hardly, barely 116 ⇒ spacious, wide, capacious 661 arag method; means 115 ⇒ spacious, capacious, roomy 662 ⇒ method of approach, right method 216 audloordägu to diminish, decrease 367 aragalagu to find a way out, use a ruse 115 augu to take 91 aragdaagu to coax, wheedle 115 ⇒ to phlebotomize somebody, to bleed, somebody 325 aral shaft or t[h]ill of a cart 116 ⇒ to seize, grab 727 aralcigu to fight (with), make war (upon) 137 aul mountain 662 araljigu exchange, trade 118 aulaagu to hunt in a group 93 aräl circumference of a wheel, rim, hoop 488 ⇒ to hunt 111 aräljigu to exchange; to barter 119 auläi crest, ridge of a hill 354 arbäigu to be rough or uneven; to stand out (of a num- ⇒ mountain pass, low pass 378 ber of objects) 118 aulii top, peak, summit 530 arbun situation, condition 135 auljaar conjunction, linking 426 ⇒ state of being, staying, existing; circumstances 136 auljigu meeting, greeting 451 ⇒ air, gas 347 auljigu to meet with, see 663 ⇒ shape, appearance, image 245 aur air 96 ⇒ prospect, outlook, appearance, feature 646 ⇒ air, gas 347 arcaal legend, fable; joke, fun 225 ⇒ anger, wrath, rage 349 arciän mineral spring; holy water 119 ⇒ weather 557 arcoogu to pass on words, information 341 ⇒ steam, anger 663 arigi strong drink 595 aurdung quick, fast, rapid 390 arigy alcoholic liquor 120 aurky lungs 664 arilagu to disappear, vanish 118 ausgu to dry up, evaporate 720 arilgaagu to scour, wipe 120 aushiä husband of one’s elder sister 401 arils neutral, indifferent, of neither party 584 ausoomol steamed 443 arkän back, read, hinder 114 ayimuukee danger, risk 100 arkugu to put into a bowl 99 ayin journey, travel, trip 99 ars to peel, scale off 358 ⇒ sheepskin with its wool 506 äädägu turn sour, curdle 246 ⇒ rawhide, leather 719 ⇒ to turn bitter, turn sour, spoil 287 arsagu to borrow 439 äädlägu to wear out 258 arsamaagu to loan; borrowing, lending 439 äälägu to slander, calumniate, asperse, smear 300 arslan lion 119 ⇒ to slander, calumniate, asperse, smear 307 art gelding; castrated 97 ääldä skull, cranium 275 ⇒ castrated camel 123 ääljän shift, change, transformation 318 artagu to geld, castrate 97 ääljgu shift, turn, duty 435 aruun clean, clear; holy, sacred 119 äälji shift, turn 247 ⇒ clean, pure 565 ääljigu to do successively; to do or put something in aruunkun clean, clear; holy, sacred 119 order 200 asagagu to wear, hang up, carry 466 ⇒ to alternate, take turns 247 (4) äärägu to spin 248 älkää what 742 ääräl spinning wheel 248 älkigu to swing, brandish 193 äätäägu to muzzle; to intercept 110 ⇒ beckoning gesture 196 äbälägu to unite 175 ällis neutral, indifferent, of neither party 584 äbiry weak, slow, feeble, backward 226 älpur extensive, comprehensive 214 äbjään weak, slow, feeble, backward 226 ⇒ abundant, plentiful 255 äbkägu fold, fold-up 251 ⇒ fleshy, pudgy 483 äcää to grow thin, lose flesh 653 älpur vast, wide broad 566 äcäg father 90 äm medicine 259 äcig faterh-in-law 315 ämääl pommel of the saddle 173 ⇒ stepfather 360 ⇒ saddle 259 äcigu to keep a horse tied up and on a special diet to ⇒ to saddle 260 prepare for a race 603 ämäi fans prescription 452 äcy or 167 ämäl south, before 544 ädän crippled, handicapped, maimed 440 ämälgii preface, foreword, burial place 532 ädgägu recover from illness 252 ämällä forward 677 äg mother 274 ämbu to crumble, slide, to crash through 405 ⇒ stepmother 360 ⇒ hole, puncture, having a hole, full of holes 574 äg musical sound, melody, vowel 254 ämci physician, doctor 260 äguucin care, carefulness, caution 157 ämgun widow, widowed 148 äguugu to be careful (of), be cautious (of) 157 ⇒ female 259 äi to do in this manner, do thus 411 ⇒ woman, female 260 äici if not, otherwise, or else 272 ämjir wild, untrained, not broken in 258 äidää give me! 103 ämsägu to wear, put on, dress 544 ⇒ in every direction, hither and thither 405 än’gä flap of a garment 263 äigään donkey, ass 256 än’gäl spacious, wide, capacious 661 äigän foal, the young of an ass 233 änä this 262 äikän these 251 ⇒ today 262 ⇒ this much, this many, as many as these 539 ⇒ today 541 äimär such, like this 405 änääkul on this side, before (with dates) 496 äiny inner 228 änäätän on this side, before (with dates) 496 äitän all, any 103 änäbäi on this side, before (with dates) 496 ⇒ all, whole 322 änäbäiyäätäär on or along this side, superficial 496 äitän to various, all kinds of 256 äncigän power, ability, capacity 555 äiträägu to deceive, cheat 486 ⇒ capacity, ability, scope 572 äity plentiful; numerous; many 116 äncukuä side, elements, odd, strange 273 ⇒ abundant, plentiful 255 ⇒ character, feature 717 äjigigu an aliment characterized by a choking sensa- äncukuää other 529 tion in the throat 431 ändääbuku make mistake, be at fault 261 äjiläägu to occupy, seize 253 ⇒ to make mistake, be in wrong, be at fault 262 äjin Great Khan, emperor, king 311 ändääl mistake, error; omission 261 äkää elder sister 254 ändäl wrong, mistaken 262 äkäci sisters 254 ändugu egg 545 äkci elder sister 254 ängän liking, willingness; desire, joy 147 äkdäägu to sharpen, make sharp 413 äntgäm eternal 490 äl abundant, plentiful 255 ⇒ forever, eternally 686 älbigu to recruit, enlist, draft-conscript 258 änty just before, recently 589 älci messenger, mission 259 är man, male 266 äldää hither, to this place; since, until now, to date 496 ärää unceremonious 265 älii still more, by far, farther 506 äräälägu to stand on ceremony 265 ⇒ still more 672 äräm tumble-weed 324 älirdän bat 131 ärbäälji a kind of packsaddle 326 (5) ärceegu to treat, regale, entertain 191 ätogu to conquer, defeat, to win a game 219 ärcu pit of the stomach 100 äud door 685 ärcuu breast, brisket 344 äudägu to be sick, be ill (with), to feel pain 536 ⇒ sternum, chest 539 ⇒ to be compassionate, feel sorry (for) 549 ärdä early, long ago 269 ⇒ feel a sharp pain, tingle 571 ärdägu destroy, break down, ruin, wreck, damage 249 äudii toggles, clasp 629 ärdäm knowledge, learning 264 ⇒ lintel 641 ärdän treasure, jewel, gem 265 äugu fat, lard 535 ärdärgu get out of order, wreck, breakdown, get bro- äugul heritage, estate 535 ken 249 äulän cloud 685 ärdärkee garbage, trash 473 äulänti overcast, gloomy, dark 179 ⇒ trash, discarded objects, mess 510 äur epidemic, typhoid 349 ärgälci long sleeveless garment worn by women over a ⇒ gonorrhoea 398 gown on formal occasions 662 ⇒ an aliment characterized by a choking sensation ärgänjigu to aspire to, strive for, yearn for, hope for 268 in the throat 431 ärgigu to go round, turn around, revolve, rotate 267 ⇒ breast, bosom, front 537 ärgilgäägu windlass, winch 268 ⇒ illness, disease, sickness 539 ärguäägu to raise one’s head 545 ⇒ glanders, farcy 595 ärguägu report to an official, the act of raising 547 ⇒ madness, mental aberration, insanity 604 ⇒ to raise, lift up 548 ⇒ epidemic, plague, pestilence 628 ärgun man, male, husband 264 äurkäl beginning and end 274 ärguulän hobble 548 äus feather grass, broom grass 219 ärig to recover one’s senses 602 ⇒ any hilly area with pleasant climate, fertile soil, ärigu to search, seek, look for 267 forests, rives and lakes 326 ärigy bank, shore 266 ⇒ grass 538 äriisän’gäägu to recover, regain ones, spirits, to feel ⇒ to feed cattle with grass or hay 539 refreshed 600 äusägu growth, increase 550 ärin time, hour, clock, watch 556 ⇒ arise, proceed, spring up, derive 687 ⇒ time, period 691 äwää mama 247 ärkälägu to display affection or love (toward parents) 271 äwäcaa smallpox 568 ärmääjäär husband and wife 264 ärshäägu to receive guests 454 baagu to excrete 129 ärsheegu to take care (of), tend, nurse, look after 120 baakcaan island 116 ⇒ to take care, look after, nurse 122 baaly little house dog, lap-dog 311 ⇒ to look after, consider 331 baani hail 489 ärtä early, long ago 269 baar anniversary, jubilee 524 äru yas cheek-bone 706 baas excrement, manure, dung 128 ärult soil, topsoil, crust 377 ⇒ horse dung 363 ärun torture, torment 269 ⇒ droppings 365 äs no, not 272 baashi simulation, pretence, slyness, archness 129 äsägulägu obstacle, hostile [?], anti-, opposed 333 baata obstacle, hostile [?], anti-, opposed 333 äsgun strong, healthy 568 baataa envious people 123 äshin in the back, around the back, behind 359 ⇒ enemy, foe 192 ätää at first, in the first beginning 113 baataagu to smoke profusely, emit puffs or clouds of ätäägu old woman 259 smoke 128 ätägu to win a victory, defeat, to overcome 733 baatur hero 128 ätän’gii courageous, brave, valiant 267 ⇒ heroic, courageous, bold 128 ätärdägu to be conquered, vanquished or defeated, lose baaturdaagu heroic, courageous, bold 128 in a game 219 baaur courageous, brave, valiant 267 ätärdäshy not able to win 220 babag fist 517 ätärkän bear 127 babalaagu to strike or beat with the first; to push or ätgun big, large, great 639 nudge with the elbow 517 (6) babäglaagu to drive in, hammer in, stick into 701 bandage to be worried about something for lack of bacilägu to boil, boil over 172 time, hurry 146 bacilgaasän boiled yoghurt 557 bandän bench, plank-bed 140 bad long hair on the throat of a camel 449 ⇒ chair, seat 593 badaa rice; grain, cereal 165 banding hasty, rash, hurried 730 badaalägu to eat, dine, eat rice 165 bandy novice in Buddhist orders 134 badaragu to prosper, flourish; spread, develop 130 banid morning 541 bag bull 172 banig present, gift 149 bagas column, pillar; pole, post 132 banin character, conduct 92 baicaagu to inspect, examine, check 138 ⇒ to accustom, become accustomed to 406 ⇒ control, take control of, check 353 banjibuj to create, construct 180 ⇒ to examine in court, judge 728 banjo särt talent, gift, ability 92 baicaaltä control, revision 353 banni morning 541 baidal situation, condition 135 bar tiger 141 ⇒ nature 136 baraa scattered, dispersed 172 baigu to stand, stop 450 baraan to grown in number, increase 117 baiji wait! just a moment 136 ⇒ much, many, numerous 527 bail favour, help, benefit 125 ⇒ this much, this many, as many as these 539 bailgaagu to build, construct; establish 136 baragu to finish, end, waste 143 baisägu to be glad, be happy 139 barambuuji general, chief 741 baisängu to rejoice, be cheerful 139 baran right-hand side; west 145 baishin building, house 137 barardägu to wear out 257 ⇒ lay man 329 bardandaacigu to be proud (of), to take pride (in), to ⇒ common people, plebeian 333 boast 143 bait miracle, strange, astonishment 279 bardän proud, boastful, haughty 143 ⇒ to be in the center, prevail, predominate, to be bargaas osier 170 the main thing 298 bargu to pass away, die 502 ⇒ relation, concern 322 ⇒ to pass by, pass on, to die 514 ⇒ affair, business, matter 343 bariä bracelet, wrist band 166 ⇒ act, master, gait 731 barigu to arm, prepare arm 440 baitalagu to use, make use of, utilize 123 baril handle, haft 144 baitälägu to spend, expend 432 barilcigu wrestling match 144 bajin richness; rich, wealthy 138 bariling construction, building 144 bajir dirty, unclean 166 barimat proof, argument, evidence, certificate 144 ⇒ to become dirty, become defiled 166 barintälägu to envy, to rival 123 ⇒ speck of dust or dirt 189 bariul handle, shaft, origin, source, evidence 413 ⇒ dirty 321 barkan Buddha, god 171 baksan team, crew 130 ⇒ amulet, charm 595 bakshi teacher, schoolmaster 132 barkän to pass by, pass on, to die 514 balab to smash, beat, strike 140 ⇒ object of religious veneration, worship or cult 729 balag to plaster, parget, apply clay or mud 701 barkirgu to shout, yell 145 ⇒ earth, soil 722 bartaagu to fit in, be able to accommodate or hold 133 baläg sable 168 ⇒ to pardon, excuse, forgive 665 balägu to bury 168 bartashi capacity, volume 133 baläm silly, doltish, careless, negligent 291 barygu to squeeze with the hand 135 baldagu to slide, slip, glide 321 bas also, too; again 145 balgu to bury, inhume, entomb 532 basaal mock at, jeer at, scoff at 257 ⇒ to bury the dead 737 basagu mock at, jeer at, scoff at 257 baliä to become effaced, become dark; go to ruin 133 basart kidney 160 ⇒ vague, indistinct; weak, reduced 134 basrag doorsill, threshold 158 balkugu to close one’s eyes 113 bataacin fisherman 423 balla handle, haft 144 bataal find, finding 526 (7) batu strong, firm, solid 146 bishin not very good, tolerable; about the same 143 batulägu to evidence, affirm, assert 146 bitäg script; letter; book, document 153 baubäi ruby 129 ⇒ to write, inscribe 153 ⇒ treasure, jewel, gem 265 ⇒ to construct, create; write, compose 455 baul guaranty, warranty 181 ⇒ book, scripture 512 baus steamed meat dumpling 163 ⇒ report to an official, the act of raising 547 baushii ruby 129 bitgäshi copyist, clerk 153 bayilagu to become rich, grow rich 139 bodgon method of approach, right method 216 bääbäg bear 127 bodläg policy 647 bääd external, outer, foreign 276 bodogon thinking, thought 155 ⇒ outside 276 bodogu to register, enroll, check, take account (of) 178 ⇒ external, outer; outside, besides, except 277 bodoo tenacious, inflexible, stubborn, obstinate 378 bäädigii cover, exterior, outside 277 bodoor dye, paint, coloring 165 bäälbärt butterfly 264 ⇒ varnish, lacquer 719 bääli gloves, mittens 147 bodugu to think, consider; to calculate 156 bääljigu to vomit 160 ⇒ to paint, dye 165 bäärägu to suffer from cold, shiver 147 body pasture, grazing grounds 149 bädii foreign, alien, strange 332 bogoor rectum 558 bäi there are, have 150 bogu deer 166 ⇒ double, dual; pregnant 187 boguny short 156 bäidää outward 276 boigun family 547 bäii organs of the body, organs of senses 271 ⇒ carrion 597 bäilbsän widow, widowed 148 ⇒ dead body 698 bäläg birthmark, mole 485 ⇒ dead body of a dignitary 709 ⇒ mark, sign, symbol 631 bojigir thickset, stocky, squat 551 bälägu to slander, calumniate, asperse, smear 307 boki pitch 187 bälän ready, prepared 148 bokigu to bind, tie, tighten 404 bälun warm, lukewarm 176 bolaar and 127 bänär brother-in-law (wife’s younger brother) 399 bolägu to condense, contract, shrink 96 bändägu to cause disorder 593 ⇒ to grow deaf 244 bäräägu to cool off, chill, refrigerate 375 boldukaa bareback 424 bärägu to become cool, cool down 376 boleegu to grab, snatch, seize 167 bäri daughter-in-law; bride 149 ⇒ plunder, rob 640 ⇒ to be a bride; to behave like a new bride 150 boleelcigu argument, controversy 481 bärigu to hold, catch 143 bolgaagu to cool off, chill, refrigerate 375 bäsläägu to wear a belt; surround, encircle 179 ⇒ to renovate, renew, make anew 718 bäy body, health 147 bolgagu to accustom, become accustomed to 406 ⇒ physical culture 148 bolgu for the summer to set in 463 ⇒ health 270 bolkugu to rinse, swill, gargle 425 bäyi direction 467 bolog whole, entire, complete 180 ⇒ physical, strength, power 634 bologu to remain in a virgin state for a long time (of bery wife of younger brother 242 land) 124 biallan bald 357 ⇒ to become effaced, become dark; go to ruin 133 biaugääl table, chart 403 ⇒ to be, become, one can, one may 157 bici to smash, beat, strike 140 ⇒ to become dirty, become defiled 166 bii I 151 ⇒ to become fat, grow large 174 billä visor, porch, shelter, shed 594 ⇒ to unite 175 binshi dumpling (with meat and vegetable stuffing) 141 ⇒ completely, entirely 178 biräälii throughout, whole, all, over 192 ⇒ to improve, recover, take a turn for the better 436 ⇒ universal, widespread, general 657 bolonsheegu to permit, allow, agree 457 bishin not 152 bolonshegu permission 457 ⇒ not 171 boloo club 712 (8) bolsän education, training 157 buu don’t 152 bolsän to pass by, pass on, to die 514 ⇒ don’t 173 bonbuku to bulge 169 buunigu to howl, yowl 673 boo to become pregnant (of animals) 337 buurug pommel of the saddle 173 boobäi to go down, come down; settle down, stay 164 buus louse 160 boobooti cormorant 328 ⇒ sheep tick 704 boogu hotel, inn, station, stop 163 buustägu to become infested by lice 161 boor embryo, germ, foetus 337 buyaa stingy, greed 330 boorol grey, grey-haired 164 borcoo bean, pea 171 caacuku china, porcelain 699 boroo mistake, wrong 170 caaji the day after tomorrow 514 borooti very 482 caajilägu to prohibit, to outlaw, to ban, to punish ac- bosugu to rise, stand up, get up 158 cording to law 553 botun jar with a small opening, used for wine, etc. 159 caajuku bowl 99 buagän preface, foreword, burial place 532 caalban birch 392 buääktuää stooping, bent; hunchback 161 caandu robber; robbery 207 buäär chestnut 649 caar condor 626 budaalägu to have a meal 448 caarcin player of fiddle 381 budu adze 522 caas paper 553 budun to become fat, grow large 174 caaxuu pot, teapot 199 ⇒ large intestines 526 ⇒ tea pot 209 buduun thick, fat, large, heavy 173 ⇒ kettle, pot 379 buduurugu to become fat, grow large 174 cabganci old woman, nun 554 bugaantagu obscure, dim, dull, dark 173 cadagu be content, be satisfied 325 bujang magnate, minister 587 cadash satisfaction, contentment 325 buku strong, firm, solid 146 cadägu to be saturated, filled, to satiate oneself, eat ⇒ firm, strong, solid 162 one’s fill 556 ⇒ hump (of a camel) 162 cagu glue 555 ⇒ wrestler 162 cagudaagu to glue together 555 ⇒ strong, hard, firm 563 cakäloogu to cut, cut off 523 bukulägu to strengthen, fortify 163 can cymbals 562 bulaar spring, source 167 can’gälgu to be tired from, suffer from 466 bulgaar yuft, Russian leather 169 candulägu to rob, pillage, plunder 208 bulku mirror, looking glass 639 candulugu plunder, rob 640 bumbugu ball 162 canggalägu numbness, tiredness 570 burgaas willow 666 canggälägu to be tired, be exhausted 732 burgieen dark, dusky 177 cangglägu to be tired, to suffer hardship 466 burgien to become effaced, become dark; go to ruin 133 ⇒ to have no strength, to be unable 731 ⇒ vague, indistinct; weak, reduced 134 capur blunt, dull 488 buri cotton stuff, fabric 179 car vertical 158 burs buttock, rump 161 ⇒ straight, steep; sheer 254 burtur buttock, rump 161 carkaagu to satisfy, comply, supply, meet, provide 326 busuläg bush, brush-wood, shrub 171 carkäns bluntly, categorically, decisively, radically 269 but caecum, blind gut, appendix 495 carkulän satisfaction, contentment 325 butääl success, achievement 106 cas first snow, new-fallen snow 354 butägu to be fulfilled; to succeed 179 ⇒ packed snowdrift 375 butläg success, achievement 106 ⇒ snow 564 butu allegorical 739 ⇒ storm 724 butugu to close up, wall up, seal off 153 casäg tiger 141 butun education, training 157 casgolägu to disagree, contradict, cross each other’s butuu closed, shut 153 paths 458 butuun intact, whole, all, entire 179 caudur white frost, hoar-frost 354 (9) ⇒ hoarfrost 562 cocooly suddenly, unexpectedly 576 cääl bottomless 373 col rank, title 575 cäälcää a woven basket for collecting dry dung of ani- colcigu rumour, gossip 579 mals used as fuel 115 ⇒ rumour, gossip, hearsay 579 cäär taboo, prohibition 565 colcigu to talk nonsense, twaddle 561 cändägu to test, examine, make an experiment 653 colgorsän outstanding, the best 285 cängfän composition 177 coloo ruby 129 cärältii quarrelsome 345 ⇒ pebbles, shingle, gravel 317 cärgugu to rumple, crumple 695 ⇒ coal, charcoal 520 cäus silk, crepe 238 ⇒ stone, rock 582 cecigu splash, sprinkle, spray 564 ⇒ magnet 607 cee brother, gruel; tea prepared with fried powdered colpon morning, star, Venus 575 millet and butter 464 colpu to punch a hole, pierce, demolish, beat in 578 ⇒ tea 559 comilägu to gather, group 159 ceegu to become white, turn grey 560 coogen quarrel, dispute, brawl 345 celciketägu to become entangled (of hair) 184 coogenti quarrelsome 345 celgien telescope, field-glasses, binoculars 235 coogilcigu to quarrel, fall out, wrangle, dispute 344 celin wages, pay, salary 560 coolägu to pierce, punch a hole 574 cerdäm straight, steep; sheer 254 coon steamer, steamship 280 ⇒ decidedly, decisively, resolutely; straight, steep 268 coorigu to leak drip, spill out 296 cerdugu gonorrhea 398 coorokudaagu to burn a hole in something 576 cicigu to sprinkle, spray 702 cor salty 185 cicikunää locust, grasshopper 563 ⇒ salty 722 cicimääl nestling, fledg[e]ling 211 corgor spout, pipe 576 ciciräl to abhor, hate, to shy at 444 cos blood clot, coagulated blood 514 cigaa rectum 558 ⇒ blood 582 ⇒ curd, yoghurt 624 cosäi lancet for bleeding 328 cigaalägu to break off, peel off 362 coso to phlebotomize somebody, to bleed, somebody 325 ⇒ to scratch off, strip off, skin 727 coson row, file, line, narrow road, pass 580 cigaalben white (of female animals) 557 cuag soldier, army, troops 567 cigaan white, light 557 cualeelgu to rove, wander 633 cii banner, flag 650 cuanggaagu to cuckoo, coo, chirp 225 cikigu dip in, stick into, immerse 246 cuääk pinch, wisp 571 cikigu to stuff, push 573 cuään small, little; a little, a bit 130 ciky ear 573 ⇒ few, less 577 cilmaa to become naked, undress 704 culää free time, leisure 419 cinää weak, feeble 164 culci bile, gal 618 ⇒ intensity, energy, power 269 culpääkii open, loose 421 ⇒ capacity, ability, scope 572 culpu through 725 ⇒ physical, strength, power 634 culpuku hole, puncture, having a hole, full of holes 574 ⇒ strength, energy 623 cundän berth; bed 530 cinci to pay attention, be attentive to 114 cuns skirt, petticoat 141 ⇒ pay attention to, take into consideration 525 cuuci chisel 583 ⇒ to cut, cut out 272 cincilägu to observe; to look attentively 95 daa chief, superior; chairman, director 202 ⇒ to listen, overhear 559 ⇒ pasture, nomad grounds, native place, territory, cinciläj to stare, gaze, watch attentively 720 area 519 cinjaan soy, spicy paste made from bean[-]flo[u]r 429 ⇒ origin, source, root 667 circaal nestling, fledgling 112 daacii at first, in the first beginning 113 circgu to chop, hew 555 daacun salty 185 cocigu to be frightened, be startled 577 ⇒ salty 185 cocloogu to rip, rip open, tear off 326 daag foal, the young of an ass 233 (10)