Independent Ukraine: Nation-state Building and Post-communist Transition (Contemporary Ukraine: Dynamics of Post-Soviet Transformation)

313 Pages·1998·14.363 MB·English

by  Taras Kuzio

Contemporary
Ukraine
This page intentionally left blank
Contemporary
Ukraine
Dynamicso f
Post-Soviet
Transformation
Edited by
Taras Kuzio
RO Routledge
U
T
L
ED Taylor & Francis Group
G
E
LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published1 998 by M.E. Sharpe
Published2 015 by Routledge
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Library of CongressC ataloging-in-Publication Data
ContemporaryU kraine: dynamicso f post-soviett ransformation/
editedb y TarasK uzio.
p. cm.
Papersp resenteda t the conferenceh eld at the
University of Birmingham,J une 13--15, 1996.
Includesb ibliographicalr eferencesa nd index.
ISBN 0-7656-0223-7( cloth: alk. paper).-
ISBN 0-7656-0224-5( pbk.:alk. paper)
I. Ukraine--History-1991--Congresses.
I. Kuzio, Taras.
DK508.846.C66 1998
947.08'6--DC21 97-36023
CIP
ISBN 13: 9780765602244(p bk)
ISBN 13: 9780765602237(h bk)
Contents
List of Tables,F igures,a nd Maps vii
About the Editor and Contributors IX
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xvii
Part A. Nation and State Building
Introduction
PeterF erdinand 1
1. State,N ation, andE lites in IndependenUt kraine
AlexanderM otyl 3
2. The Post-SovietT ransitioni n Ukraine: Prospectsfo r Stability
RomanS olchanyk 17
3. Statea nd Institution Building in Ukraine
Marc Nordberg 41
Part B. National Identity and Regionalism
Introduction
Judy Batt 57
4. Regionalisma ndE thnic and Linguistic Cleavagesin Ukraine
Valeri Khmelkoa ndA ndrew Wilson 60
5. Civil Societya ndN ation Building in Ukraine
Mykola Riabchouk 81
6. Identity, Language,a ndT ransformationin EasternU kraine:
A CaseS tudy of Zaporizhzhia
LouiseJ ackson 99
y
vi CONTENTS
Part C. Politics and Civil Society
Introduction
Marko Bojcun 115
7. The Politics of ConstitutionM aking in Ukraine
Kataryna Wolczuk 118
8. Party SystemF ormationa nd Voting Behaviori n the Ukrainian
ParliamentaryE lectionso f 1994
Sarah Birch 139
Part D. Economicsa nd Society
Introduction
Neil Malcolm 161
9. Ukraine: A Four-ProngedT ransition
Taras Kuzio 165
10. Ukraine: The Legacieso f CentralP lanninga ndt he Transition
to a Market Economy
Paul Hare, Mohammed/s haq, and SaulE strin 181
11. Ukraine'sE conomy:S trategicI ssuesf or SuccessfuRl ecovery
John E. Tedstrom 201
Part E. Foreign and DefenseP olicies
Introduction
RoyA llison 219
12. National Identity and ForeignP olicy: The EastS lavic
Conundrum
Taras Kuzio 221
13. Ukrainian SecurityP olicy: The Relationshipb etweenD omestic
and ExternalF actors
JamesS herr 245
Bibliography of SelectedS econdaryS ources
on ContemporaryU kraine 267
Index 279
List of Tables, Figures, and Maps
Tables
2.1 ParliamentaryB locs and Factions( April 1996) 24
2.2 ParliamentaryB locs andF actions( February1 997) 26
4.1 ParliamentaryS eatsW on in 1994b y Representativeos f the
Main Left-and Right-Wing Parties,b y Region 64
4.2 FactorL oadingso f RespondentsE' valuativeJ udgmentso n
SelectedS ocial,E conomic,a ndP olitical Issues 67
4.3 Indiceso f Voter Orientationsi n the Four Ukrainian Regions 69
4.4 Supportf or Leonid Kravchuk as a Candidatef or President
amongt he Main Linguistic and Ethno-LinguisticG roupsi n
Ukraine in 1991 and 1994 76
4.5 Linguistic and EthnolinguisticG roupsi n Right-Bank
Ukraine and Left-Bank Ukraine 77
6.1 ZaporizhzhiaO blast:N ationality andL anguage 100
6.2 Percentageo f SchoolchildrenS tudyingi n Ukrainian lOS
A6.1 EmploymentS tructure,Z aporizhzhiaO blast 111
A6.2 EmploymentS tructurei n Industry (town, 1993) 111
7.1 Breakdowno f the Ukrainian Parliamenti n December1 994 126
7.2 Breakdowno f the Ukrainian Parliamentin May 1966 128
AS.1 CompetitiveC haracteristicso f the Parties 151
A8.2 RegionalD istribution of Candidates": Major" and
"Significant" Parties 152
AS.3 RegionalD istribution of CandidatesP: artyC amps 154
vii
viii LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES, AND MAPS
A8.4 RegionalD istribution of Vote Sharea mong" Major" and
"Significant" Parties ISS
A8.5 OLS Regressionfo r Turnout 156
A8.6 OLS Regressionfo r Party Camps 157
A8.7 OLS Regressionfo r Major Parties 158
11.1 Ukraine: Basic EconomicI ndicators,1 99(}-1995 203
11.2 Outputo f Energy,b y Source,M arch 1996 and
First Quarter1 996 204
11.3 Ukraine: The Paceo f Privatization,1 992-1995 206
A 12.1a Native LanguageP referencesin Ukraine andB elarus 239
A 12.1b Votes forlndependence 239
A12.2 Attitude of Ukrainian Political Partiest o the CIS 240
A12.3 The (Belarusan-RussianC) ommunityo f Sovereign
Republics( SSR) 241
Figures
11.1 M2 andC PI Indexesf or Ukraine 205
Maps
Ukraine: Territorial AdministrativeS tructure xviii
Referendumo n Independence XIX
Ethnic Ukrainians xx
Ukraniana s Native Language xxi
4.1 The Variation of Kravchuk'sV ote acrosst he Different
Regionso f Ukraine (December1 991) 62
4.2 The Variation of Vote for Ukraine Independence
(December1 991) 63
4.3 The Four LargestR egionso f Ukraine 65
4.4 The Variation of Kravchuk'sV ote acrosst he Different
Regionso f Ukraine (July 1994) 72
4.5 Ukrainian-speakersa,s a Shareo f the Popuialtiono f Ukraine 73
About the Editor and Contributors
Taras Kuzio is a researchf ellow at the Centre for Russiana nd East Euro-
peanS tudies,U niversity of Birmingham, and formerly seniorr esearchf el-
low of the Council of Advisors to the Ukrainian parliament.H is previous
posts include researcha ssociatea t the International Institute for Strategic
Studiesa nde xecutive directoar t the Ukraine BusinessA gency.
He was editor of Ukraine BusinessR eview( 1994-1996),e ditor of Ukrai-
nian Reporter( 1990-1992),a nd deputy editor of SovietN ationality Survey
(1983-1989).H is books and monographsi nclude Ukraine: Perestroikat o
Independence,w ith Andrew Wilson (1994), Ukrainian Security Policy
(1995), Ukraine Under Kuchma: Political Reform, EconomicT ransforma-
tion, and Security Policy in IndependentU kraine (1997), and Ukraine:
Statea ndN ation Building in Ukraine (1998).
Dr. Roy Allison is director of the Russiana nd EurasiaP rogramme,R oyal
Institute ofInternationalA ffairs.
Dr. Judy Batt is a senior lecturer at the Centre for Russian and East
EuropeanS tudies,U niversity of Birmingham.
Dr. Sarah Bireh is a lecturer in Ukrainian studies at the Departmento f
Government,U niversity of Essex.
Dr. Marko Bojeun is a seniorl ecturera t the University of North London.
Saul Estrin is associatedw ith the EconomicsD epartment,L ondon Busi-
nessS chool.
Dr. Peter Ferdinand is director of the Centref or Studiesi n Democratiza-
tion, University of Warwick.
IX