Inattentive and impulsive profiles of the CPT

118 Pages·2017·4.72 MB·English

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Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, &
Graduate School
Professional Papers
2002
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Kristin A. Kirlin
The University of Montana
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Kirlin, Kristin A., "Inattentive and impulsive profiles of the CPT -II and their relationship with DSM -IV ADHD
subtypes" (2002). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 9439.
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Inattentive and Impulsive Profiles of the CPT-II and their Relationship
with DSM-IV ADHD Subtypes
by
Kristin A. Kirlin
B.A., Psychology, Reed College, 1995
M.A., Clinical Psychology, University of Montana 2000
Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctorate of Philosophy
The University of Montana
August 2002
Approved by:
Christine Fiore, Ph.D.
lairperson
David Strobel, Ph.D.
Dean of Graduate Studies
Date
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
UMI Number: 3062632
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Kristin A. Kirlin August, 2002 Psychology
Inattentive and Impulsive Profiles of the CPT-II and their Relationship
with DSM-IV ADHD Subtypes pp. 1-105.
Chairperson: Christine Fiore, Ph.D.
The DSM-IV recognizes three subtypes of ADHD based on the results of field trials and
factor analytic studies that identified two dimensions of symptoms in the disorder:
inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. The three DSM-IV subtypes are predominantly
inattentive (ADHD/I), predominantly hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD/HI), and combined
type (ADHD/C).
Study of these three ADHD subtypes has suggested differences in demographics,
prevalence, course, rates of comorbid conditions, possible etiology, and treatment
response. Given the potential clinical meaningfulness of identifying these subtypes,
ADHD assessment instruments that discriminate between subtypes are needed.
The CPT-H is a version of the continuous performance task designed to measure
symptoms of inattention and impulsivity. Conners’ (2000) suggests that the pattern of
elevated scores on the CPT-H can be used to determine whether a child’s problem is
primarily one of inattention or impulsivity. The present study examines whether the
profiles generated by the CPT-H are clinically meaningful by comparing the performance
of a clinical sample of children (N = 40) with different profile types on measures of
attention, impulsivity, depression, anxiety, learning problems, and executive function.
It was hypothesized that I) the children with clinical CPT-H profiles would exhibit
greater impairment on the other measures than the children with nonclinical profiles, 2)
the inattentive and impulsive CPT-H groups would differ in ways consistent with the
literature on the differences between the ADHD subtypes, and 3) that omission and
commission scores on the CPT-H would be useful for identifying groups of children who
would differ in ways consistent with the differences reported between the ADHD
subtypes.
The results did not support Hypothesis 1; the children with clinical and nonclinical
CPT-H profiles did not differ significantly on the dependent measures. For Hypothesis 2,
the children with inattentive, impulsive, and indeterminate CPT-H profiles differed
significantly only in their use of semantic clustering during a list-learning task. There
was also a nonsignificant trend for differences in self-reported anxiety between the three
CPT-H profile groups. The results failed to support Hypothesis 3 and did not identify
differences between children with differing levels of omission and commission scores.
The clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
ii
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Table of Contents
List of Tables iv
List of Figures v
Introduction 1
Diagnostic Criteria & Clinical Features of ADHD 3
Etiology of ADHD 23
Assessment of ADHD 33
Treatment of ADHD 43
The Present Research 51
Method 54
Participants 54
Procedures 55
Measures 55
Results 71
Sample Descriptive Statistics 71
Comparisons Between CPT-II Groups 74
Multiple Discriminant Analysis 78
Discussion 84
References 94
iii
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List of Tables
Table 1: Means, Standard Deviations, Ranges, & Percent beyond
Clinical Cut-off of Dependent Measures for Sample 73
Table 2: Correlations between Clinical Measures 74
Table 3: Demographics of CPT-II Groups 75
Table 4: Means of Clinical Measures for Inattentive, Impulsive, &
Indeterminate CPT-II Groups 77
Table 5: Means of Clinical Measures for Omission & Commission
CPT-n Groups 78
Table 6: Standardized Canonical Discriminant Function Coefficients
& Functions at Group Centriods 80
Table 7: Results of Three-Group Discriminant Analysis 81
Table 8: Classification Matrices for Three-Group Discriminant Analysis
for Original Analysis & Cross-Validation Samples 82
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