in the name of allah, themostbeneficent, the

259 Pages·2013·14.8 MB·English

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IN THENAMEOFALLAH, THEMOSTBENEFICENT, THE
MOSTMERCIFUL
IMPACTS OF ENGLISH CRITICISM ONPUNJABI
CRITICISM
1947-2005
(An analytical and critical study)
(Session 2003-2004)
(Thesis Ph.D Punjabi)
BB
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SUBMITTED BY
NAHEED QADIR
Lecturer, Govt. Islamia College for women,
Faisalabad
SUPERVISOR
Dr. NAHEED ZAMAN KHAN
Associate Prof. Department of Punjabi,
PUNJABI DEPARTMENT
PUNJAB UNIVERSITY ORIENTAL COLLEGELAHORE
2010
IMPACTS OF ENGLISH CRITICISM ON PUNJABI
CRITICISM
1947-2005
(An analytical and critical study)
(Session 2003-2004)
(Thesis Ph.D Punjabi)
aa
Thesis submitted in partial
fulfillment for the requirement of
degree of Doctor of Philosophy in
Punjabi, from Punjabi Department,
in the University of the Punjab, for
theyear 2003-2004
SUBMITTED BY
NAHEED QADIR
Lecturer, Govt. Islamia College for women,
Faisalabad
SUPERVISOR
Dr. NAHEED ZAMAN KHAN
Associate Prof. Department of Punjabi.
PUNJABI DEPARTMENT
PUNJAB UNIVERSITY, ORIENTAL COLLEGELAHORE
2010
Permissionhas beengrantedby the University of thePunjab,
reference No.I/735-ACAD, Dated. 15.02.2010
Declaration
I hereby declare that this thesis is a result of my individual
research andIhave not submitted this thesis concurrently to any
otherUniversity for any degree whatsoeverI.
NAHEEDQADIR
TOMYPARENTS
WHO TAUGHTME TOCAREANDREASON
AND
TO TAYYABA FATIMA
WHOPUTITALL TOGETHER ANDMORE
Contents
Title Page No.
Preface i-iv
Chapter1
Literary criticism: an over view
1. Introduction 1
2. Criticism andliterature 4
3. Critical theory 7
4. types of literary criticism 9
o Legislative criticism
o Judicialcriticism
o Theoretical criticism
o Evaluative criticism
o Historical criticism
o Biographical criticism
o Comparative criticism
o Descriptive criticism
o Impressionistic criticism
o Textual criticism
o Psychological criticism
o SociologicalandMarxist Criticism
o Archetypal criticism
5. Function / objectives of criticism / how 14
criticism acts
6. Essentialprincipals of literary criticism 19
7. criticism and psychology 22
8. Image in poetry 26
9. Qualifications of a critic 27
10. References 32
Chapter 2 35
Important critical theories from Plato to present 35
o Moralcriticism 43
o Formalism/New criticism 46
o Structuralism 53
o Post-structuralism 58
o Psychoanalyticcriticism 64
o Marxist criticism 69
o Reader response/reader 74
oriented criticism
o Feminist criticism 78
o Post modernism 82
o Post colonialcriticism 83
References 87
Chapter 3 93
Urdu Criticism
1- Language and cultural evolution in sub-continent 93
i. The Dravidians and other invaders from 94
5000BC to 712ao and their impacts
ii. The impacts of ‘Mughals’ on local 95
language andculture
iii. The East India Company and 96
imperialisminIndia
iv. Impacts of British rule on Urdu Language 98
and Literature in the Sub-Continent
2- The contribution of Sir Sayed Ahmad Khan and 102
impacts of other Movements on Urdu Literature
and Criticism
3- Hali and Azad’s contribution towards Urdu 105
Literary Criticism
4- Twentieth Century and impacts of English 108
Literary Movements on Urdu Literature and
Criticism
References 122
Chapter 4
Punjabi criticism 126
Parti 126
History of the Punjab in literary perspective 126
1. Different Religious as well as literary movements 127
in Punjabi literature
2. The role ofin vaders specially Mughal's 131
3. East India company and its socio-cultural impacts 135
on Punjab
Part 2 138
Punjabicriticism after partition 138
(cid:127) Early criticism in the form of ‘memoirs' 140
147
(cid:127) Najam Hussain Sayed
170
Sharif Kunjahi
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172
(cid:127) Hussain Shahid
174
(cid:127) Arif Abdullah Mateen
176
(cid:127) Dr. Aslam Rana
178
(cid:127) Dr. Shahbaz Malik
179
(cid:127) Dr. Sarfraz Hussain Qazi
179
(cid:127) Dr. Ismat ullah Zahid
183
Zafar Lashari
184
Prof. SyedMasood Hussain
185
Azra Waqar
(cid:127) Dr. Nabila Umer 186
(cid:127) Prof. SamiultahQureshi 188
(cid:127) Dr. Dilshad Tiwana 190
192
References
198
Conclusion
210
Bibliography
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PREFACE
Surely,itis by thegrace of bountiful Allah Almighty thatI seemy
self at the threshold of an achievement. My life dream is going to be
materialized, I am grateful to Him. It was no doubt an uphill task, to
justify the topic and consolidate my thoughts in the form of thesis. It
was sheer grace of Almighty Altah that criticismhas alwaysenamoured
me. Ithas beenmy joy whenIwas doingmy masters and now, inPhD
it has been a goal ambitiously sought for. I first became conscious of
the impacts of English criticism on Punjabi criticism while reading
certain Punjabi critics. Then I deliberately opted for the topic as no
researchhasbeendonein this respect.
I have tried to trace the impacts of English criticism on Punjabi
criticism from 1947-2005.Ispecially tried to convey my point of view in
a simple and lucid language, so to be understandable and accessible
to the upcoming researchers and common readers. Ihave divided my
thesis into four chapters.
Chapter one Literary criticism: an over view’, deals with the
meaning of literary criticism, relationship between criticism and
literature, theory of criticism and its various types that have further led
to different critical discussions and theories and a brief lay out of the
qualities of a critic. Unless and until we get aware of the distinction
between creative art and critical art, I feel we cannot fully grasp the
point. Critic is a person of acute and sharp sensibilities; his requisite
\
qualities andcaliber are also discussedinthischapter.