In Search of the Cultural Motivation in Language SOUNDS – MEANING – COMMUNICATION LANDMARKS IN PHONETICS, PHONOLOGY AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS Edited by Jolanta Szpyra-Kozłowska Editorial Board: Eugeniusz Cyran (John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin) Halina Chodkiewicz (Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin) Adam Głaz (Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin) Haike Jacobs (Radboud University (Nijmegen), The Netherlands) Henryk Kardela (Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin) Przemysław Łozowski (Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin) Bert Peeters (Australian National University (Canberra) and Griffith University (Brisbane), Australia) VOLUME 11 Notes on the quality assurance and peer review of this publication Prior to publication, the quality of the work published in this series is reviewed by an external referee appointed by the editorship. Izabela Jarosz SOUNDS – MEANING – COMMUNICATION LANDMARKS IN PHONETICS, PHONOLOGY AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS Edited by Jolanta Szpyra-Kozłowska Editorial Board: Eugeniusz Cyran (John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin) In Search of the Cultural Halina Chodkiewicz (Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin) Adam Głaz (Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin) Motivation in Language Haike Jacobs (Radboud University (Nijmegen), The Netherlands) Henryk Kardela (Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin) Girl and Woman in James Joyce’s “Dubliners” Przemysław Łozowski (Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin) Bert Peeters (Australian National University (Canberra) and Griffith University (Brisbane), Australia) VOLUME 11 Notes on the quality assurance and peer review of this publication Prior to publication, the quality of the work published in this series is reviewed by an external referee appointed by the editorship. Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available online at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress This publication was financially supported by the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Poland. Cover illustration: "Dublin celebrities" by Prof. Jerzy Durczak Reviewed by Prof. Adam Głaz Printed by CPI books GmbH, Leck ISSN 2365-8150 ISBN 978-3-631-81250-1 (Print) E-ISBN 978-3-631-81580-9 (E-PDF) E-ISBN 978-3-631-81581-6 (EPUB) E-ISBN 978-3-631-81582-3 (MOBI) DOI 10.3726/b16684 © Peter Lang GmbH Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften Berlin 2020 All rights reserved. Peter Lang – Berlin ∙ Bern ∙ Bruxelles ∙ New York ∙ Oxford ∙ Warszawa ∙ Wien All parts of this publication are protected by copyright. Any utilisation outside the strict limits of the copyright law, without the permission of the publisher, is forbidden and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to reproductions, translations, microfilming, and storage and processing in electronic retrieval systems. This publication has been peer reviewed. www.peterlang.com Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Socrates: But if the primary names are to be ways Nationalbibliothek of expressing things clearly, is there any better way of The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in getting them to be such than by making each of them the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic as much like the thing it is to express as possible? Or do data is available online at http://dnb.d-nb.de. you prefer the way proposed by Hermogenes and many others, who claim that names are conventional signs that Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data express things to those who already knew the things before A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for they established the conventions? Do you think that the at the Library of Congress correctness of names is conventional, so that it makes no difference whether we accept the present convention or adopt the opposite one, calling ‘big’ what we now call This publication was financially supported by the Maria Curie-Skłodowska ‘small’, and ‘small’ what we now call ‘big’? Which of these University in Lublin, Poland. two ways of getting names to express things do you prefer? Plato (Cratylus: 433d) Cover illustration: "Dublin celebrities" by Prof. Jerzy Durczak Reviewed by Prof. Adam Głaz Printed by CPI books GmbH, Leck ISSN 2365-8150 ISBN 978-3-631-81250-1 (Print) E-ISBN 978-3-631-81580-9 (E-PDF) E-ISBN 978-3-631-81581-6 (EPUB) E-ISBN 978-3-631-81582-3 (MOBI) DOI 10.3726/b16684 © Peter Lang GmbH Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften Berlin 2020 All rights reserved. Peter Lang – Berlin ∙ Bern ∙ Bruxelles ∙ New York ∙ Oxford ∙ Warszawa ∙ Wien All parts of this publication are protected by copyright. Any utilisation outside the strict limits of the copyright law, without the permission of the publisher, is forbidden and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to reproductions, translations, microfilming, and storage and processing in electronic retrieval systems. This publication has been peer reviewed. www.peterlang.com Acknowledgements It is my privilege to thank Professor Jolanta Szpyra-Kozłowska (Dsc, ProfTit) for providing me with the opportunity to embark on writing this book. Likewise, it would not have materialised in this form and shape without Professor Przemysław Łozowski (DSc) whose enthusiastic encouragement and active support are sincerely appreciated and gratefully acknowledged. I also owe a deep sense of gratitude to Professor Adam Głaz (DSc) for his valuable advice, constructive suggestions and useful critiques of this book.