in Agroforestry

168 Pages·2012·2.54 MB·English

Effect of Agroforestry Systems and Integrated Weed
Management Practices on Growth and Yield of Baby
corn (Zea mays) under dry land Agro-ecosystem of
eastern Uttar Pradesh

THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF

Master of Science (Agriculture)
in
Agroforestry

Submit ted by

Hanumaan

Supervisor Co-Supervisor

Dr. M. K. Singh Mr.Pravesh Kumar

DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY
INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY
VARANASI-221005
INDIA

I.D. No. AGF-11162 2014 Enrolment No.337002
Dedicated to
My Beloved Parents
Dr. M. K. Singh Institute of Agricultural Sciences
Banaras Hindu University
Assistant Professor
Varanasi (U. P.)- 221005 (India)
Department of Agronomy

Ref. No……... Date: ...............

To,
The Registrar (Academic)
Banaras Hindu University
Varanasi-221005. (India)

Through: The Head, Deptt.of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural
Sciences, Banaras Hindu University,Varanasi-221005.
Dear Sir,
I have great pleasure in forwarding the thesis entitled“Effect of
agroforestry systems and integrated weed management practices on
growth and yield of baby corn (Zea mays) under dryland agro-ecosystem
of eastern Uttar Pradesh” submitted by Mr. Hanumaan, I.D. No. AGF-
11162, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Science (Agriculture)inAgroforestry.
I certify that the work has been carried out under my guidance
and the data forming the basis of this thesis, to the best of our
knowledge are original and genuine and no part of the work has been
submitted for any other degree or dissertation.
Thanking you.

Yours faithfully

Forwarded by:
(M. K. Singh)
(Supervisor)
Head
“Effect of Agroforestry systems and Integrated
Weed Management Practices on Growth and Yield
of Baby corn (zea mays) under Dryland Agro-
ecosystem of eastern Uttar Pradesh”
By
Hanumaan
Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree
of
Master of Science (Agriculture)
in
Agroforestry

DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY
INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY
VARANASI - 221005
2013

I.D.No. AGF-11162 Enrolment No. – 337002

APPROVED BY ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Chairman: Dr. M. K. Singh
Assistant Professor
Department of Agronomy, IAS, BHU.

Co-Supervisor: M r . Pravesh Kumar
Assistant Professor
Department of Agronomy, IAS, BHU
R.G.S.C. (BHU) Barkachha, Mirzapur

Member: Dr. B. S. Rajput
Assistant Professor
Department of Agronomy, IAS, BHU.
R.G.S.C.(BHU) Barkachha, Mirzapur

Member: D r . S . K . P r a s a d
Assistant Professor
Department of Agronomy, IAS, BHU.

External Examiner:
Acknowledgment

At the outset, being the student of this great Institute, I bow my head with
great reverence to the lotus feet of Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya Ji,
the founder of the Banaras Hindu University, whose everlasting desire was to serve
mankind. I am fortunate to perceive the prodigious path to tread upon precisely
through precious guidance in this university.

At the outset I would like to express my profound sense of reverence and
indebtness to my Supervisor, Dr. M. K. Singh, Assistant professor, Department of
Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University for his
meticulous guidance, compassionate initiation, congenial discussion, constructive
criticism and soothing affection during the course of this investigation and
preparation of this manuscript. It was a matter of sheer luck and opportunity to
work under his guidance.
I offer my heartfelt gratitude to my co-supervisor Mr. Pravesh Kumar,
Assistant professor, Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, R.
G. S. C., Banaras Hindu University for their constant encouragement, critical
suggestions and inspiration during entire period of investigation and the members
of the advisory committee Dr. B. S. Rajput, Assistant Professor, Department of
Agronomy, R. G. S. C., Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu
University and Dr. S. K. Prasad, Assistant professor, Department of Agronomy,
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University
My profound gratefulness and thanks are to Dr. Shree Ram Singh, Dr. S. N.
Singh, Dr. Rajeev Tripati and all staff of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, R.G.S.C. (BHU)
Barkachha, Mirzapur and Dr. Y. K. Singh, Dr. T. Nath, and all the respected
teachers of the Department of Agronomy, for their valuable suggestions and
criticism during the course of this study.
I express my sincere thanks to Dr. Rajendra Prasad Singh, Professor and
Head, Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu
University, for providing all facilities needed for completion of the research work.
I express my sincere thanks to non–teaching staff, RGSC, Barkachha,
research scholars, of the Department of Agronomy, for their helping hands,
encouragement and cooperation during the tenure of my studies and research work.
Words with me are insufficient to express my fillings of my heart to
acknowledge and gratitude to my bellowed Father Shri Balram Chouhan, Mother
Smt. Vimla Devi, uncle Shri. Hetram Chouham and my brother Mr. Rajendra
Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Hansraj, Ravitash and Vijay Chouhan and sister Suman,
Ramana, Manju and Anu and Jija ji Shri Likhmaram Berwal, Shankar Lal and
Raghuveer Panwar nephew Bhawani, Sachin, Shiva and Sonu and niece Sanju,
Poonam and Chandarkala and other family members who are providing all kind of
help of need.
My friends Sanjay Chouhan, Ajeet Choudhary, Abhisheka Yadav, Virendra
Choudhary, N. N. Shukla, Surendra Kumar, Amar Verma, Ravi Sharma, Arimardan
Singh, Manoj Meena, Satyanarayan, Rohit Rojh, Manish Rojh, Anil Chouhan,
Sunil Saharan, Shachi Rai, Bharat Pal, Bhagwat Nath, Diwakar Mani, Ranveer
Chouhan, Praveen ( AO, BOB), Laxmi Verma, Shishir, and all my juniors. Last but
not the least, I record my sincere thanks to all beloved and respected people who
helped and could not find separate mentions. I still solicit their benediction to
proceed at very step of respected destined life.
I obliged to my juniors also Shubhash Jaat, Vinod Kumar, Rakesh Bhambhu,
Ramesh Joshi, Anil kumar, Banwari Lal, Ashok Samota, Ashok Meena, Dinesh
Verma, Sarwan Yadav, Sharad, Sandeep Jat, A.A.Ekka, Anjali, Poonam,
Vajanyanti and other deserves my appreciation for their cooperation and help at
various stages of the investigations.
I express my deep and warm feelings of gratitude to my seniors,
Mr. Krishan Punia, Dr. Surendra Bishnoi, Mr. Arvind Bishnoi, Mr. P.D. Sharma,
Mr. Mahendra Singh, Mr. Sandeep Choudhary, Mr. Amit Yadav, Mr. Ramawatar,
Mr. Rajiv, Mr. Om Prakash, Mr. Bhoma Ram, Mr. Asheesh, Mr. Prakash,
Mr. Lekh Ram, Mr. Pushpendra, Mr. Jaiveer, Mr. Pankaj, Mr. Dan Singh,
Mr. Sunil, Miss Savita, Miss Renu, Miss Nidhi and Miss Rewati for their vital
support and sparing their valuable time to complete this manuscript.
It’s like drop in the ocean by my all regards to lord Baba Ramdev Ji, Baba
Bhairav Nath and Baba Bhole Nath for providing me energy and patience without
which I would have been none.

(Hanumaan)
Date:
Department of Agronomy
Institute of Agricultural Sciences
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005
Contents

Chapter Page No.
I. Introduction 1-3
II. Review of Literature 5-43
III. Material and Methods 44-70
IV. Experimental Findings 71-113
V. Discussion 114-124
VI. Summary and Conclusion 125-128
 Bibliography i-xxvii
 Appendices i-iii
ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED

et al. : And co-workers N : Nitrogen
@ : At the rate of NS : Non-Significant
a.i. : Active Ingredient ºC : Degree Celsius
CD : Critical Difference ml : Milliliter
cm : Centimeter P : Phosphorus
d.f. : Degree of freedom PE : Pre-emergence
DAS : Days After Sowing PoE : Post-emergence
dS/m : Deci Siemens/Meter PPI : Per Plant Incorporation
Fig. : Figure SL : Soluble liquid
ha : Hectare SEm± : Standard error Mean
i.e : That is SMW : Standard Meteorological Week
K : Potassium Viz. : Namely
kg : Kilogram % : Percentage
m : Meter
Max. : Maximum
mg : Milligram
Min. : Minimum
mm : Millimeter
Mha : Million hectares


LIST OF TABLE

Table No. Description Page No.
Table 3.1 Physico-chemical properties the soil of 48
experimental plot
Table 3.2 Cropping history of the experimental field 49
Table 3.3 Details of treatments 50
Table 3.4 Details of layout 51
Table 3.5 Biometrical observations on Custard apple and 54
guava plantation.
Table 3.6 Schedule of field operations in the experimental 57
crop
Table 3.7 Methods of plant chemical analysis 68
Table 4.1 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 74
practices on plant height and dry matter
accumulation of baby corn
Table 4.2 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 77
practices on number of leaves and leaf area index
of baby corn.

Table 4.3 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 79
practices of crop growth rate and relative growth
rate of baby corn.
Table 4.4 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 82
practices on yield and yield attributes of baby
corn.
Table 4.5 List of weeds flora infested in experimental field 85
Table 4.6 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 87
practices on density and biomass of Oldenlandia
corymbosa in baby corn.
Table 4.7 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 88
practices on density and biomass of Echinochloa
colona in baby corn.
Table 4.8 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 91
practices on density and biomass of Fimbristylis
miliacea in baby corn.
Table 4.9 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 92
practices on density and biomass of Weed
Murdannia nudiflora in baby corn.
Table No. Description Page No.
Table 4.10 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 94
practices on density and biomass of Ammania
baccifera in baby corn.
Table 4.11 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 95
practices on density and biomass of Digitaria
sanguinalis in baby corn.
Table 4.12 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 98
practices on density and biomass of Cynadon
dactylon in baby corn.
Table 4.13 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 99
practices on density and biomass of broad leaf
weed in baby corn.
Table 4.14 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 100
practices on density and biomass of grasses in
baby corn.
Table 4.15 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 102
practices on density and biomass of sedges baby
corn.
Table 4.16 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 104
practices on density and biomass of total weed in
baby corn.
Table 4.17 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 106
practices on density and biomass of weed control
efficiency in baby corn.
Table 4.18 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 108
practices on nutrient content in green gram and
weed and protein content in baby corn.
Table 4.19 Effect of agri-horti system and weed management 111
practices on nutrient uptake of baby corn and
weed.
Table 4.20 Effect of Agri-horti system and weed management 113
practices on economics of baby corn.

