Improving management and governance of fisheries and aquaculture in the Asia-Pacific region

126 Pages·1970·0.57 MB·English

RAP PUBLICATION 2012/25
FOURTH APFIC REGIONAL CONSULTATIVE FORUM MEETING
Improving management and governance of
fisheries and aquaculture in the Asia-Pacific
region
Da Nang, Viet Nam
17–19 September 2012
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RAP PUBLICATION 2012/25
ASIA-PACIFIC FISHERY COMMISSION (APFIC)
FOURTH APFIC REGIONAL CONSULTATIVE FORUM MEETING
Improving management and governance of fisheries and aquaculture
in the Asia-Pacific region
Da Nang, Viet Nam, 17–19 September 2012
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
BANGKOK, 2012
i
The designation and presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any
opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the
delimitation of its frontiers and boundaries.
ISBN 978-92-5-107431-2
All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for
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Chief
Electronic Publishing Policy and Support Branch
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FAO
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or by e-mail to: [email protected]
© FAO 2012
For copies write to:
The Senior Fishery Officer
FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
Maliwan Mansion, 39 Phra Athit Road
Bangkok 10200
THAILAND
Tel: [phone]
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E-mail: [email protected]
Citation:
APFIC. 2012. Report of the Fourth APFIC Regional Consultative Forum Meeting, Improving
management and governance of fisheries and aquaculture in the Asia-Pacific region, Da Nang,
Viet Nam, 17–19 September 2012. FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand,
RAP Publication 2012/25, 110 p.
ii
PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT
This is the final report of the Fourth APFIC Regional Consultative Forum Meeting, Improving
management and governance of fisheries and aquaculture in the Asia-Pacific region convened in
Da Nang, Viet Nam, 17–19 September 2012.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
APFIC would like to gratefully acknowledge the following organizations for their generous support
for the convening of the Fourth Regional Consultative Forum Meeting:
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Government of
Viet Nam (MARD)
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
(FAO)
Regional Fisheries Livelihoods Programme (RFLP) funded by the
Government of Spain
Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem Project (BOBLME)
Distribution:
Participants of the RCFM
Members of APFIC
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
FAO Regional Fishery Officers
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FOREWORD
The Fourth Asia-Pacific Fishery Commission (APFIC) Regional Consultative Forum Meeting,
Improving management and governance of fisheries and aquaculture in the Asia-Pacific region was
convened in Da Nang, Viet Nam, 17–19 September 2012. As part of the APFIC strategy for
communicating issues and building regional understanding, the fourth Regional Consultative Forum
Meeting (RCFM) was held to precede the Thirty-second Session of APFIC and acted as a regional
briefing on the activities of the Commission and her member countries. It also provided an
opportunity to get an update on the work of various regional partner organizations that are relevant to
the programme of work of the Commission. The meeting was attended by 73 participants from
16 countries and representatives from 12 regional partner organizations and projects.
The Fourth Regional Consultative Forum Meeting, identified a series of regional challenges based on
reviews of regional fisheries and aquaculture, presentations by member countries and regional
organizations, and reports of action plans of APFIC regional consultative workshops, and developed
concrete recommendations on what needs to be done to address them in the Asian region.
Key challenges included more effective management of the trawl fisheries of the region and the
responsible production of fishmeal. Effective fisheries management requires improved understanding
of the changes affecting the resources of the fishery sector and increased adoption of science-based
approaches to marine protected areas, habitat enhancement and seasonal closures. The RCFM
identified the need for stronger governance to address fisheries overcapacity and illegal, unreported
and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the region. Recommendations also covered the improvement of
small-scale fisheries livelihoods and the need for improved planning and management of aquaculture
for food security and social and economic benefit. Inland fisheries were noted as important to the
region and the appropriate valuation of the role and importance of these resources was emphasized.
Many of these challenges are significantly influenced by the effects of climate variability and the
RCFM highlighted the need to take this into account when developing responses to these challenges.
APFIC member countries, regional organizations and partners recognize that the APFIC RCFM is
a unique mechanism in the Asian region that allows the sharing of understanding and awareness of
fisheries and aquaculture issues in the region and contributes to greater efficiency and reduction of
overlap. This is based around one of the core functions of FAO, which houses the Secretariat of
APFIC, which is to provide a neutral forum for the consideration of regional challenges in the
fisheries and aquaculture subsectors. The Forum also allows greater opportunities for effective
networking and coordination between members and regional organizations. I am pleased to see the
Asia-Pacific Fishery Commission strengthening these networks and the further contribution of the
Commission’s work to supporting the region’s fishery and aquaculture subsectors.
Hiroyuki Konuma
Assistant Director General and Regional Representative
FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT............................................................................ iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................................... iii
FOREWORD.......................................................................................................................... v
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS............................................................................... xi
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................... 1
Background to the Fourth APFIC Regional Consultative Forum Meeting ....................... 1
Conclusions and recommendations of the Fourth APFIC RCFM..................................... 1
Some of the key challenges facing fisheries and aquaculture in the region............... 2
Challenge 1: Managing the trawl fisheries of the region more effectively ................ 3
Challenge 2: Providing a better understanding of the changes in fish catch and
structure of the fishery sector to manage them more effectively................................ 4
Challenge 3: Producing fishmeal more responsibly in the Asian region.................... 4
Challenge 4: Sustaining and improving small-scale fisheries livelihoods ................. 4
Challenge 5: Addressing fisheries overcapacity and IUU fishing in the region
through more effective governance ............................................................................ 5
Challenge 6: Increasing the adoption of science-based approaches to marine
protected areas, habitat enhancement and seasonal closures...................................... 5
Challenge 7: Improving the planning and management of aquaculture for food
security and social and economic benefit................................................................... 6
Challenge 8: Improving the valuation of the contribution of inland fisheries in the
region.......................................................................................................................... 6
Challenge 9: Increasing capacity building to meet regional needs............................. 7
Challenge 10: Responding appropriately to climate change and climate variability .... 7
OPENING OF THE MEETING ........................................................................................... 9
THEME 1: REGIONAL OVERVIEW OF FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE........... 10
Regional overview of capture fisheries in the subregions of Asia .................................... 10
Some general trends in marine capture fisheries in the APFIC region....................... 10
Issue of reporting species composition – not elsewhere included (nei) ..................... 11
Marine capture fisheries in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand subregion .... 12
Marine capture fisheries in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea subregion............. 15
Marine capture fisheries in the Sulu and Sulawesi Seas/Timor and Arafura Seas ..... 17
Inland capture fishery production............................................................................... 18
Status and trends of aquaculture in the subregions of Asia............................................... 19
General trends in aquaculture in the APFIC region.................................................... 19
Freshwater carnivorous marine finfish species........................................................... 20
Marine and brackish water finfish species.................................................................. 21
Freshwater finfish requiring lower quality feed inputs............................................... 21
Catfish species ............................................................................................................ 22
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
Page
Tilapia......................................................................................................................... 22
Crustaceans................................................................................................................. 22
Molluscs...................................................................................................................... 23
Aquatic plants............................................................................................................. 23
Reptiles and amphibians............................................................................................. 23
Niche aquaculture species........................................................................................... 24
Trends by subregions.................................................................................................. 24
THEME 2: REGIONAL INITIATIVES PROMOTING IMPROVED ASSESSMENTS
FOR STRENGTHENING MANAGEMENT ...................................................................... 25
The Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem – Regional Fisheries Management
Advisory Committee (RFMAC)........................................................................................ 25
Managing complex fisheries using risk-based assessments – some ideas to facilitate
the adoption of management regimes in Southeast Asia................................................... 27
Responsible supply of fishmeal to Asian aquaculture....................................................... 43
The way forward for trawl fisheries management in Southeast Asia and the Coral
Triangle.............................................................................................................................. 44
Fish and fisheries of the Lower Mekong River Basin – updated information .................. 46
The adoption of aquaculture assessment tools (AATs) for sustainability in the Asia-
Pacific region..................................................................................................................... 47
Implementing an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) in small-scale fisheries in the
Philippines ......................................................................................................................... 50
THEME 3: COUNTRY EXPERIENCES IMPROVING FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
AND THE CCRF.................................................................................................................... 52
Fisheries resources management in Bangladesh: A paradigm in natural resource
conservation....................................................................................................................... 52
Management of capture fisheries of China in the South China Sea.................................. 53
Land rights certification programme for fishers of small-scale fishing businesses in
Indonesia............................................................................................................................ 54
Implementing the ecosystem approach to fisheries in Malaysia....................................... 55
Improving fisheries management and implementing the CCRF in Myanmar................... 56
Success story of community-based reservoir fisheries in Indrosarobar Kulekhani,
Makawanpur District, Nepal.............................................................................................. 57
Improving management and governance of fisheries and aquaculture in Pakistan........... 58
Improving fisheries management and implementation of the CCRF in the Philippines... 59
Biodegradable fishing gear in the Republic of Korea ....................................................... 61
Improving fisheries co-management in Negombo lagoon under the Regional Fisheries
Livelihoods Programme (RFLP) in Sri Lanka .................................................................. 62
Improving fisheries management and implementing the CCRF in Thailand.................... 63
Timor-Leste’s experiences in improving management of capture fisheries...................... 64
USA National Marine Fisheries Services: stewardship of living marine resources for
the twenty-first century...................................................................................................... 65
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